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Inner Lining (inner + lining)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Chemistry	40%

Selected Abstracts

Pulsatile Ventricular Assist Device with Pericardial Inner Lining

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 11 2001
Adolfo A. Leirner
Abstract: Preserved pericardium in contact with blood is not thrombogenic, therefore avoiding the use of anticoagulants, and has excellent mechanical properties. Our objective is to take advantage of these characteristics and build a pulsatile ventricular assist device (VAD) with pericardium used as the inner lining of the blood chamber. A mold is used for the tanning of the pericardium, rendering it with an exact shape. A flexible polymeric structure is designed to serve as a base for the pericardium, guiding it and limiting its rate of strain. It consists of two halves, which when outfitted with the interior pericardium lining and connected to each other, form the blood chamber. This assembly is housed in rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) shells making up the air chamber for the pneumatic activation. Valves are likewise made of pericardium. Sealing of the chambers was tested statically up to 300 mm Hg with no air or fluid leakage. The device was tested for 60 continuous days in a mock loop, demonstrating hydrodynamic performance adequate for ventricular assist. Micrographs (confocal laser and scanning electron microscopy) were obtained of several pericardium areas, especially on the flexing regions that are a transition between the wet and dry regions. No sign of damage to the pericardium was observed either with the naked eye or at the microscopic level. From the hydraulic performance and materials viewpoints, a completely pericardium-lined pulsatile VAD displaying a polymeric structure that avoids unpredictable bending and limits strain is feasible. The results warrant further studies regarding biocompatibility and strength advantages. [source]

Evaluation of the integrity of aseptic packages containing various filling products

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 9 2006
Chuan-Liang Hsu
Summary The objective of this study was to investigate the integrity of aseptic aluminium laminate packages for different filling products after form-fill-seal processing using various testing methods. The integrity of the package was found to be influenced by the physical properties of filling product. When soyamilk (watery) was the filling product, the measured currents were lower than 10 ,A for all of the packages subjected to electrolytic testing. If guava juice (high viscosity with high particulate content beverage) was the filling product, a total of 40% of tested packages showed escalation of current to greater than 1000 ,A. This poor integrity was found to have resulted from compromise of the inner layer of packaging because of the particulate content of the juice. It was also demonstrated that the damage to the inner lining of the packages did not lead to the deterioration of the filling product by causing the development of penetrating micro holes. The cyclic voltammetry method is applicable to distinguish whether penetrating micro holes and damage have occurred in the plastic inner layer of a package. [source]

Pulsatile Ventricular Assist Device with Pericardial Inner Lining

Alimentary hyperlipemia of rabbits is affected by exposure to low-intensity pulsed magnetic fields

BIOELECTROMAGNETICS, Issue 8 2007
Erping Luo
Abstract An experimental study was carried out in rabbits to investigate the effects of exposing rabbits to low-intensity pulsed magnetic fields (PMFs) on alimentary hyperlipemia. Thirty female white big ear rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. The normal group was fed with a standard chow diet and the other two groups (hyperlipid and magnetic) were fed with the chow diet supplemented with cholesterol, yolk powder and lard. The magnetic group was exposed to 15 Hz pulsed magnetic fields. After 8 weeks, levels of blood lipid and indices of hemorheology were examined. In addition, histomorphologic changes of hepatic and myocardial tissues were compared across the groups respectively. Compared with the hyperlipid group, hemorheology indices of the magnetic group reduced significantly from 12.80% to 38.05% (P,<,0.01) indicating lower blood viscosity. Similarly, compared with the hyperlipid group, the levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides in the magnetic group decreased 40.52% and 52.42% (P,<,0.01). On the contrary, high density lipoprotein (HDL) value obviously increased 66.67% (P,<,0.01). Furthermore, compared with the control group, the values of triglycerides and HDL of the magnetic group did not show statistical differences (P,>,0.05). The deposit of fatty material on the inner lining of thoracic aorta wall of the magnetic group was significantly lighter than that of the hyperlipid group. Numerous aggregation of lipoids emerged among myocardial myofibrils in the hyperlipid group, while no notable change was found in both the magnetic and control group. The results indicate that low-intensity PMFs could be helpful for the treatment of alimentary hyperlipemia. Bioelectromagnetics 28:608,614, 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Laser Microbeams and Optical Tweezers in Ageing Research

CHEMPHYSCHEM, Issue 1 2009
Paulius Grigaravi
Abstract We show how a technique developed within the framework of physics and physical chemistry,in a true interdisciplinary approach,can answer questions in life sciences that are not solvable by using other techniques. Herein, we focus on blood-pressure regulation and DNA repair in ageing studies. Laser microbeams and optical tweezers are now established tools in many fields of science, particularly in the life sciences. A short glimpse is given on the wide field of non-age-research applications in life sciences. Then, optical tweezers are used to show that exerting a vertical pressure on cells representing the inner lining of blood vessels results in bursts of NO liberation concomitant with large changes in cell morphology. Repeated treatment of such human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) results in stiffening, a hallmark of manifest high blood pressure, a disease primarily of the elderly. As a second application in ageing research, a laser microbeam is used to induce, with high spatial and temporal resolution, DNA damages in the nuclei of U2OS human osteosarcoma cells. A pairwise study of the recruitment kinetics of different DNA repair proteins reveals that DNA repair starts with non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), a repair pathway, and may only after several minutes switch to the error-free homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway. Since DNA damages,when incorrectly repaired,accumulate with time, laser microbeams are becoming well-used tools in ageing research. [source]