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Initial Surgery (initial + surgery)
Selected AbstractsSalvage treatment for recurrent oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomaHEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 8 2010Christof Röösli MD Abstract Background. This study evaluates the oncological outcome of patients with recurrent oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) after primary radiation therapy ± chemotherapy, primary surgical therapy, and surgical therapy followed by radiation therapy ± chemotherapy. Methods. A total of 156 patients (36%) of a cohort of 427 treated for OPSCC between 1990 and 2006 developed recurrent disease. Fifty-one patients (12%) qualified for salvage treatment. Study endpoints were 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Results. The 5-year OS and DSS rates after salvage treatment were 29% and 40%; after initial primary radiation therapy, 25% and 40%; after initial surgery followed by radiation therapy, 40% and 40%; and after initial surgery alone, 20% and 40%. Conclusions. Patients with an advanced OPSCC have a considerable risk for recurrence. Despite poor ultimate outcome, salvage treatment should be attempted in patients with resectable disease, good performance status, and absence of distant metastases. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010 [source] Radioguided Parathyroidectomy for Recurrent Hyperparathyroidism Caused by Forearm Graft Hyperplasia,JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 5 2003Rebecca S Sippel Abstract One of the surgical options for symptomatic secondary hyperparathyroidism is a total parathyroidectomy with forearm implantation. Recurrence can occur and is most likely caused by hyperplasia of the small fragments of parathyroid tissue implanted in the forearm muscle. Forearm graft hyperplasia can be detected using Tc-99m sestamibi scanning of the forearm, which can show abnormal enhancement at the former graft site. In this report, we present the case of a 49-year-old gentleman with recurrent hyperparathyroidism caused by hyperplasia of forearm graft fragments. Unfortunately, no sutures or clips were placed at his initial surgery to identify the location of the parathyroid tissue in the forearm. Thus, we describe the first reported use of radioguided techniques using Tc-99m sestamibi injection and intraoperative gamma probe to localize parathyroid fragments in the forearm muscle. During our initial exploration, we found that injection of the tracer in the operative arm leads to prohibitively high levels of background activity. During a second exploration, the tracer was injected in the lower extremity, minimizing the background in the forearm and allowing the gamma probe to clearly identify two areas of abnormal parathyroid tissue. The intraoperative radioprobe allowed quick identification and removal of the abnormal parathyroid tissue in a case that was made particularly challenging by the absence of marking sutures. [source] Critical Role of Inferior Vena Caval Filter Placement After Pulmonary EmbolectomyJOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY, Issue 3 2005Peter Rosenberger M.D. Postoperative placement of an inferior vena caval filter (IVCF) may prevent recurrent PE. We present a patient who underwent pulmonary embolectomy in whom postoperative placement of an IVCF was postponed due to hemodynamic instability and severe hemorrhage. Recurrent PE was recognized 12 hours after the initial surgery, and required reoperative pulmonary embolectomy. This report documents that recurrent PE can occur early after pulmonary embolectomy even in the presence of coagulopathy. Therefore, concurrent IVCF placement should be considered during or immediately after pulmonary embolectomy to prevent recurrent pulmonary embolism. [source] Prednisone Prevents Inducible Atrial Flutter in the Canine Sterile Pericarditis ModelJOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 1 2008ROBERT N. GOLDSTEIN M.D. Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) are common following cardiac surgery and are associated with significant morbidity. We tested the hypothesis that suppression of the inflammatory response with steroids would significantly modify the inducibility of postoperative AF/AFL in the canine sterile pericarditis model. Methods: Twenty-three dogs were studied daily from creation of pericarditis to the fourth postoperative day: 11 dogs were treated with oral prednisone (PRED) starting 2 days preoperatively until the end of the study; 12 dogs were controls (CON). EP testing was performed daily using epicardial electrodes placed at initial surgery. High-resolution (404 sites) epicardial mapping was performed during the terminal study. Baseline and daily CRP levels were obtained in all dogs. Results: Sustained AFL was absent in PRED (0%) versus CON dogs (91%; P < 0.001); AF induced in the early postoperative course in PRED dogs was of very short CL (mean 66 ms). Tissue inflammation was significantly attenuated in PRED dogs. Thresholds were lower in PRED versus CON dogs, significantly so on postoperative day (POD) 3. There was a trend toward lower ERPs in the PRED group at all CLs. CRP levels were markedly reduced in PRED versus CON dogs (peak CRP 78 ± 7 mg/L vs 231 ± 21 mg/L, P < 0.001), and returned to baseline in PRED dogs by POD 4, correlating with a virtual absence of sustained arrhythmia. During open chest mapping studies on POD 4, PRED dogs showed only nonsustained AF/AFL. Conclusions: Prednisone eliminated postoperative AFL, affected all EP parameters studied, and attenuated the inflammatory response associated with pericarditis. [source] Tracheal perforation secondary to suture irritation in a dog following a ventral slot procedureJOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, Issue 7 2003D. N. Clements An eight-year-old springer spaniel was presented with acute-onset subcutaneous emphysema of five days' duration. The dog had undergone ventral slot decompression of the C5-C6 intervertebral disc space eight weeks before presentation. Cervical tracheoscopy demonstrated perforation of the dorsal tracheal membrane of the distal cervical trachea. Perforation of the dorsal tracheal membrane secondary to suture knot irritation was confirmed by exploratory surgery. Repair of the perforation was performed by plication of the dorsal tracheal membrane. The dog was represented nine days after the initial surgery with acute recurrence of subcutaneous emphysema. Air leakage at the plicated dorsal tracheal membrane was observed at exploratory surgery, and a bipedicle sternothyroideus muscle flap was used to support the plicated membrane. Recovery was uneventful and 10 months postoperatively there had been no recurrence of clinical signs. [source] Ovarian leiomyosarcoma: An autopsy case reportPATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2000Michiyo Nasu Primary non-specific sarcoma of the ovary is extremely rare, and only 22 reported cases of pure leiomyosarcoma (LMS) are known to the authors. We present an autopsy case of a primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma in a 73-year-old woman. She had noticed an abdominal mass after difficulty in defecating for several months. The excision of tumor with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and hysterectomy was carried out. A diagnosis of pure leiomyosarcoma of the left ovary was made on pathological examination with immunohistochemistry. Adjuvant radio,chemotherapy was not given. At 18 months' follow up, abdomino-pelvic sonography revealed an abdominal tumor and hepatic metastasis. The patient died 3.5 years after the initial surgery. The post-mortem examination revealed a peritoneal recurrent tumor and extensive distant metastases of the liver, lungs, pancreas, gastric mucosa, muscle and skin. The prognosis of the ovarian LMS is poor from the pertinent literature. Several prognostic indicators on histology including mitotic activity, proliferative activity and p53 status of the tumor are discussed. [source] Fatal Fournier's gangrene in a young adult with acute lymphoblastic leukemiaPEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, Issue 6 2007Elpis Mantadakis MD Abstract Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a fulminant necrotizing fasciitis of the external genitalia. Few reports of FG exist in patients with hematologic malignancies. We describe a case of fatal FG in a 21-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was receiving remission-induction chemotherapy. Despite early local surgery, administration of appropriate antibiotics, resurgery for wider debridement and aggressive ICU support he succumbed while pancytopenic to septic shock, 26 days after initiation of chemotherapy. Multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from blood and scrotal cultures obtained at initial surgery. FG is a fulminant infection, especially in the face of profound cytopenias. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;49:862,864. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Palmoplantar Keratoderma and Skin Grafting: Postsurgical Long-term Follow-up of Two Cases with Olmsted SyndromePEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2008Marie-Sophie Bédard M.D. Treatment options include topical keratolytics, systemic retinoids, and debulking procedures. Full-thickness excision of hyperkeratotic plaques followed by skin grafting has been reported in the medical literature, although long-term results have not been evaluated. We present two cases of Olmsted syndrome with severe palmoplantar keratoderma treated with excision and skin grafting, along with long-term clinical results 11 years (patient 1) and 6 years (patient 2) following the initial surgery. [source] Long-Term Results after Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Involving Frontal Recess DissectionTHE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 4 2006Michael Friedman MD Abstract Objective: To assess long-term follow-up on a cohort of patients who underwent endoscopic frontal sinus surgery with identification and preservation of the natural frontal outflow tract. Study Design and Settings: Retrospective chart review, telephone interview, and endoscopic evaluation on a previously studied cohort of patients at a university affiliated medical center. Results: Two hundred patients who underwent endoscopic frontal sinus surgery were previously studied and reported after short-term (mean = 12.2 mo) follow-up. One hundred fifty-two (76%) patients were available for long-term (mean 72.3 mo) follow-up and assessment of subjective symptoms. Fifty-seven of 152 (37.5%) patients also had nasal endoscopy for evaluation of objective findings. The percentage of patients responding to telephone interview reporting overall improvement after surgery was 92.4%. Endoscopic assessment revealed patency of the frontal sinus in 67.6% of the patients after initial surgery. Thirteen additional patients had patent sinuses after revision procedures, bringing overall patency rate to 71.1%. We found statistically significant correlation of asthma and smoking and poor subjective and objective outcome. Conclusion: Long-term assessment of subjective and objective findings in our previously reported cohort of patients who underwent frontal sinus surgery indicates that the frontal sinus, similar to any other sinus, can be successfully treated surgically by preserving the natural frontal sinus outflow tract. [source] Laparoscopic restaging of borderline ovarian tumours: results of 30 cases initially presumed as stage IA borderline ovarian tumoursBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 2 2003D. Querleu Objectives To review our experience with the laparoscopic restaging procedure of presumed early stage borderline ovarian tumours. Design Retrospective study. Setting Cancer centre. Population Thirty patients with presumed stage I borderline ovarian tumours after limited initial surgery Methods From April 1991 to May 2001, the patients were laparoscopically reassessed. The procedure involved peritoneal cytology, exploration of the peritoneal cavity, infracolic omentectomy, directed or random peritoneal biopsies, and when appropriate, contralateral oophorectomy and hysterectomy and appendectomy. Medical records were reviewed for patients' age, interval time between procedures, tumour stage, histological type, operative time, hospital stay, peri-operative complications and follow up. Main outcome measures Seroperative and postoperative data, pathology and clinical follow up. Results Laparoscopic restaging was completed in all 30 (100%) identified patients. The mean age was 34.8 (10.5) years; the delay between initial operation and restaging laparoscopy averaged 9.8 (6.6) weeks. The mean operative time was 165.4 (53.8) minutes, and the mean hospital stay was 2.7 (1.3) days. There were two (7.0%) major complications related directly to the procedure. Eight (26.6%) patients were upstaged. Mean follow up was 29.1 (6.6) months, all patients are alive and one (3.2%) recurrence was observed. Conclusions Laparoscopic approach of restaging for borderline ovarian tumours is an accurate safe procedure. It is associated with an acceptable rate of minor complications, it has similar morbidity associated with laparotomy and it minimises the incidence of infertility in the young patients. Whenever staging of borderline ovarian tumours is to be considered in an individual patient, laparoscopy provides a suitable alternative approach. [source] 87 French multicentric prospective study for treatment of postprostatectomy stress urinary incontinence (SUI) using adjustable continence therapy (PROACTÔ)BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2006E. CHARTIER KASTLER Introduction:, This study assessed the feasibility and efficacy of ProACTÔ for treatment of postprostatectomy incontinence. Material and methods:, Using fluoroscopic control two percutaneous balloons are placed at the vesico-urethral anastomosis (Prostatectomy; Ablatherm) or the apex (TURP) and filled with isotonic solution. Postoperatively, 1 ml can be titrated monthly until optimum continence is achieved. Results:, Fifty-eight patients were implanted, 52 postcancer treatment (51 Radical Prostatectomy with 11/51 postradiotherapy and 1/52 Ablatherm) and six following benign surgery (four TURP and two other prostatectomies). Mean age was 70.8 years old (56.6,87.2) with time since initial surgery 5.3 years (6 months,20.6 years). Prior surgical incontinence treatments included artificial urinary sphincters (eight), bulking agent injections (three) and male sling (one). Mean urethral closure pressure (n = 36) was 49 cm of H2O at baseline. Average pads/day was 2.9 (1 to 10). Mean quality of life (I-QoL) was 45 (2,85). At median follow-up (14 months), 11 patients (19%) were dry, 21 (36%) improved, 17 (29 %) unchanged; 2 (3.4%) worse and seven (12%) had undergone explanation. Quality of Life increased to 61 (17,100). Of the 24 postradical prostatectomy patients without radiotherapy, 92 % are improved, 38 % being completely dry. However six (55%) of postradiotherapy patients failed. Sixteen patients required explanation due to infection (two); urinary retention (one); urethral erosion (one); pain (one), defective balloons (two); other (one) non-response (eight). Four patients were successfully re-implanted. Conclusion:, ProACT is an effective treatment option as an alternative to the artificial urinary sphincter. [source] Intraoperative diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid cancer and atypical parathyroid adenomaBRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 5 2007G. Ippolito Background: Distinction of parathyroid cancer from atypical parathyroid adenoma (APA) at operation is difficult. The aim of this study was to determine whether parathyroid cancer and APA have different operative findings and long-term outcomes. Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken of patients with suspicious or malignant parathyroid tumours treated between 1974 and 2005. Parathyroid cancer was defined as a lesion with vascular or tissue invasion, and APA as a neoplasm with broad fibrous bands, trabecular growth, mitosis and nuclear atypia. Results: Twenty-seven patients with suspicious or malignant parathyroid tumours were identified. After histological review, parathyroid cancer was confirmed in 11 patients (group 1) and 16 tumours were classified as APA (group 2). The clinical presentation and operative findings of the two types of tumour were indistinguishable. At initial surgery, seven patients in group 1 underwent en bloc resection, and four had parathyroidectomy. Four of the seven patients who had en bloc resection had recurrences. No recurrences were observed in the other seven patients in group 1 at a median follow-up of 65 months. In group 2, eight patients had en bloc resection and eight had parathyroidectomy; no patient had recurrence at a median follow-up of 91 months. Conclusion: Operative findings cannot distinguish APA from parathyroid cancer reliably. Without evidence of macroscopic local invasion, the value of en bloc resection at initial surgery remains debatable. Copyright © 2007 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Biopsy or debulking surgery as initial surgery for locally advanced rhabdomyosarcomas in children?CANCER, Issue 11 2007The experience of the Italian cooperative group studies Abstract BACKGROUND. The purpose of the current study was to analyze the influence of the initial surgical approach (biopsy vs resection with macroscopic residual tumors) on the outcome of patients with localized Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) Group III rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) enrolled in the Italian studies between 1979 and 2003. METHODS. Among the 394 patients evaluated, 323 underwent biopsy, as recommended by the protocols, and 71 patients underwent surgical resection with macroscopic residual tumors (debulking operation [DO]), although this procedure was discouraged. All these patients were classified at the same risk group and received the same treatment. The different characteristics (patient age, tumor site, T classification and size, histology) and outcome in the 2 groups were considered. RESULTS. The estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 68.4% and 72.6%, respectively, after biopsy and DO(P = .38), and the rates of progression-free survival (PFS) were 56.5% and 61.7%, respectively, after biopsy and DO (P = .41). The outcome did not differ significantly when considering other variables such as tumor site, size, and histology. Age > 10 years appeared to have little benefit in patients with DO; the OS was 62% after biopsy and 83.1% after DO (P = .06); the PFS was 49.7% and 72.8%, respectively after biopsy and DO (P = .04). No surgical complications due to the 2 procedures were reported, but in 2 cases the initial DO resulted in a mutilation. CONCLUSIONS. No significant advantages of DO versus biopsy were detected with regard to patient outcome. Biopsy, which is less aggressive, appears to be thebest option for patients with IRS Group III RMS. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society. [source] Pure versus follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinomaCANCER, Issue 5 2003Clinical features, prognostic factors, survival, treatment Abstract BACKGROUND The follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) is a common subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Few studies have compared the clinical behavior and treatment outcome of patients with FVPTC with the outcome of patients with pure papillary carcinoma (PTC). A retrospective study was performed to identify the influence of FVPTC compared with PTC on therapeutic variables, prognostic variables, and survival. METHODS A clinicopathologic analysis of 243 patients with papillary carcinoma was performed. One hundred forty-three tumors were PTC, and 100 tumors were FVPTC. The following variables were evaluated: age at diagnosis, tumor size, stage of tumor, treatment, capsular invasion, and survival. RESULTS The median follow-up was 11.5 years. The median age was 43 years in the PTC group and 44 years in the FVPTC group. The median tumor size, disease stage, and type of initial surgery and iodine 131 ablation were similar. More patients had capsular invasion by the tumor and less metastases to cervical lymph nodes in the FVPTC group. The actuarial survival of patients age < 40 years was higher compared with the survival of patients age > 50 years in both groups. The 21-year overall actuarial survival was 82% in patients with PTC and 86% in patients with FVPTC (P value not significant). CONCLUSIONS The pathologic and clinical behaviors of PTC and FVPTC were comparable. Prognostic factors, treatment, and survival also were similar. Patients in both groups must be treated identically. Cancer 2003;97:1181,5. © 2003 American Cancer Society. DOI 10.1002/cncr.11175 [source] Medullary thyroid carcinoma as part of a multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B syndromeCANCER, Issue 1 2002Influence of the stage on the clinical course Abstract BACKGROUND Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN 2B) is an exceptional syndrome, for which the optimal age of thyroidectomy is poorly established and the course of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is ill-defined. PATIENTS All the 18 patients with a MEN 2B syndrome examined at the Institut Gustave Roussy were included in a single-center retrospective study. RESULTS There were 9 men and 9 women with a mean age of 13 years (range, 2,27 years) at diagnosis. The diagnosis of MTC was based on the presence of a thyroid nodule or involved neck lymph nodes and on dysmorphic features of MEN 2B in 60% and 40% of the cases, respectively. The classic M918T mutation in exon 16 was found in the 16 patients in whom it was investigated. At diagnosis, 2 patients had Stage I MTC, 15 patients had Stage III, and 1 patient had Stage IV disease. T1 MTC was found in 4 patients aged 2.1,3.7 years. However, two of these patients already had N1 disease. One patient with Stage I MTC, aged 3.4 years and 2 patients with Stage III disease, aged 14 and 25 years, had undetectable basal calcitonin (CT) after initial surgery. During follow-up, basal CT became detectable in one of three patients. Among the 15 other patients with an elevated postoperative CT level, metastases were demonstrated in 5 patients after a mean follow-up of 2 years. Five patients died, three of MTC, one of the MEN 2B syndrome, and one of intercurrent disease. Five- and 10-year overall survival rates were 85% and 75%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the need for early treatment of MTC in patients with the MEN 2B syndrome, preferably within the first 6 months of life. The phenotype of MTC occurring in the MEN 2B syndrome was not more aggressive than sporadic MTC or MTC occurring in other familial syndromes. Cancer 2002;94:44,50. © 2002 American Cancer Society. [source] Clinical outcomes of persistent radioiodine uptake in the neck shown by diagnostic whole body scan in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after initial surgery and remnant ablationCLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 2 2010Eui Young Kim Summary Objectives, To evaluate the clinical outcomes of persistent radioiodine uptake (RAIU) in the neck by diagnostic whole body scan (DxWBS) after initial therapy and the efficacy of the second ablation in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Design, Patients with DTC who underwent bilateral surgery and high-dose remnant ablation between 2000 and 2004 were included. Patients with elevated serum stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg) or extensive lateral neck lymph node involvement at initial surgery underwent a second ablation, and patients with undetectable sTg or in very low-risk groups were observed. Results, Among 572 patients, 25 had persistent RAIU in the neck at first DxWBS. After a median 65·7 months of follow-up, five of these patients (20%) had persistent disease, whereas another 20 patients had no abnormal findings by ultrasonography (US) or other imaging modalities. Seven of 20 patients underwent second ablation and 13 were observed. RAIU disappeared spontaneously in about half of the patients in the observation group. There were no significant between-group differences in change of RAIU at follow-up DxWBS (P = 0·62). Serum sTg decreased and eventually disappeared over a few years in both groups. Ablation failure was not an independent risk factor for recurrence (P = 0·169). Conclusions, Neck US and serum sTg, but not DxWBS, were useful diagnostic tools during follow-up of patients with persistent uptake in the neck at DxWBS. A second ablation was not necessary when neck US showed no evidence of disease, especially in patients with very low sTg concentration. [source] Back-scattered electron imaging and elemental microanalysis of retrieved bone tissue following maxillary sinus floor augmentation with calcium sulphateCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 8 2008Nicola Slater Abstract Objectives: To investigate the presence and composition of residual bone graft substitute material in bone biopsies from the maxillary sinus of human subjects, following augmentation with calcium sulphate (CaS). Material and methods: Bone cores were harvested from the maxillary sinus of patients who had undergone a sinus lift procedure using CaS G170 granules 4 months after the initial surgery. Samples from seven patients, which contained residual biomaterial particles, were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to determine the composition of the remaining bone graft substitute material. Results: Residual graft material occurred in isolated areas surrounded by bone and consisted of individual particles up to 1 mm in length and smaller spherical granules. On the basis of 187 separate point analyses, the residual material was divided into three categories (A, B and C) consisting of: A, mainly CaS (S/P atomic% ratio ,2.41); B, a heterogeneous mixture of CaS and calcium phosphate (S/P=0.11,2.4) and C, mainly calcium phosphate (S/P,0.11; C), which had a mean Ca : P ratio of 1.63±0.2, consistent with Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite. Linescans and elemental maps showed that type C material was present in areas which appeared dense and surrounded, or were adjacent to, more granular CaS-containing material, and also occurred as spherical particles. The latter could be disintegrating calcium phosphate in the final stages of the resorption process. Conclusions: CaS resorption in the human maxillary sinus is accompanied by CaP precipitation which may contribute to its biocompatibility and rapid replacement by bone. [source] Base of skull recurrences after treatment of salivary gland cancer with perineural invasion reduced by postoperative radiotherapyCLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY, Issue 6 2009A.M. Chen Objectives:, To determine the effect of postoperative radiation therapy for salivary gland carcinomas in the presence of microscopic perineural invasion. Design and setting:, Retrospective review at an academic tertiary center. Participants:, One hundred and forty patients with pathological evidence of perineural invasion at the time of initial surgery for salivary gland carcinomas were analysed. Sixteen patients (11%) had major (named) nerve involvement. Ninety-four patients (67%) received postoperative radiation therapy to the primary site, and the portal films of 65 of these patients were available for review. Main outcome measures:, The incidence of skull base recurrences among patients treated by surgery with or without postoperative radiation therapy. Results:, Ten patients experienced skull base recurrences. T4 disease and the omission of postoperative radiation therapy were identified as significant predictors of skull base recurrence. Postoperative radiation therapy reduced the actuarial probability of skull base recurrence from 15% to 5% (P = 0.03). The crude rates of skull base recurrence were 6% (2/35) and 10% (3/30), respectively, for patients whose skull base were and were not confirmed to be encompassed in the irradiation field. The 5-year overall survival for patients who experienced a skull base recurrence was 19% compared to 91% for those who did not (P < 0.001). Conclusion:, The use of postoperative radiation therapy significantly reduced the incidence of skull base recurrence among salivary gland carcinoma patients with perineural invasion. Clin. Otolaryngol. 2009, 34, 539,545. [source] Surgery for carcinoid tumours of the lower gastrointestinal tractCOLORECTAL DISEASE, Issue 2 2003A. C. Goede Abstract Introduction, Carcinoid tumours are rare neoplasms that originate from neuroendocrine cells of the primitive gastrointestinal tract. Mid- and hind-gut tumours comprise the majority of these rare tumours. With many recent advances in medical treatment the role and importance of surgery and the surgeon needs to be assessed. Method, A Medline, Pubmed and Embase databases search was undertaken. All relevant articles were cross-referenced. Results and conclusions, Incidental findings of carcinoid tumours should be treated at initial surgery whilst elective surgery and further management should be undertaken in specialist centres by a multidisciplinary team. Asymptomatic patients have a better prognosis than those with symptoms. In advanced cases surgery combined with chemotherapy and liver resection is appropriate. The outlook for the majority of cases is good. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||