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Initial Questionnaire (initial + questionnaire)
Selected AbstractsIntegrating evidence-based practice into the diabetes nurse curriculum in BergenEUROPEAN DIABETES NURSING, Issue 1 2010Perceived barriers to finding, reading, using research in practice Abstract Background: There is rising international interest in developing healthcare systems that are built on the basis of best evidence. However, it is a challenge to integrate evidence-based practice skills into existing educational courses, in a manner that enables students to interpret and use such skills effectively. Aims: To study students' abilities to find, read and critique research literature and to explore students' perceptions of barriers to implementing evidence-based knowledge and skills into their practice. Methods: An evidence-based approach was integrated into the curriculum of a postgraduate diabetes education programme. At the start of the course and after its completion, questionnaire data were collected to assess students' ability to find, read and critique research literature, and students' perceptions of barriers to implementing new knowledge and skills into practice. Qualitative data on barriers to transferring evidence into practice were also collected. Results: Thirty-three experienced nurses (all female), mean age 40 years (SD 7.7; range 28,52 years), mean work experience 12.8 years (SD 7.9; range 3,30 years) attended the course and completed the initial questionnaire. By the end of the course, three students (9%) had left because of maternity leave or health issues, and six students (18%) did not return the final questionnaires. The remaining students reported greater ability to find and critique research literature (increasing respectively from 6.7% to 40.0% and from 27.3% to 41.7% during the course). Perceived barriers of using research in practice were: lack of time (69.7%); workplace environment (30.4%); structural and organisational problems (25.0%). The qualitative findings indicated that hierarchy, fear of negative judgements, competing demands, and fear of change were perceived barriers. Conclusion: Students commented that the course had provided them with enhanced evidence-based practice skills for finding and interpreting research. However, postgraduate training should be linked very closely to the student's workplace, in order to support the transfer of best evidence into practice. Copyright © 2010 FEND [source] The Fear of Dental Pain questionnaire: construction and validityEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES, Issue 1 2003Arjen J. Van Wijk Anxiety, fear and pain play an important role in the context of dental treatment and patients' well-being. The Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FPQ)-III is a recently developed self-report questionnaire measuring pain-related fear of a variety of painful stimuli. The present study was undertaken in order to develop a dental equivalent of the FPQ-III, called the Fear of Dental Pain questionnaire (FDP), to determine standard psychometric characteristics and to assess the instruments' validity. Four experienced dentists generated the initial pool of items and two methodologists constructed the initial questionnaire. Two studies were performed. In the study one, a sample of psychology freshmen (n = 309) was taken in order to analyse response patterns. In study two, a sample (n = 176) of patients, dental students and the general population was examined. Results from both studies were used to determine reliability and validity. High internal consistency (0.93) with satisfactory test,retest reliability (0.75) was obtained. Factor analysis revealed a strong one-dimensional factor underlying almost all items. Finally, the proposed FDP version was related to a measure of dental fear and a general measure of fear of pain. All a priori hypotheses were confirmed, thereby providing evidence for the validity of the FDP. The FPD may prove to be a clinically useful tool in the dental setting, and a potentially important covariate in dental pain perception research. [source] The Ottawa Charter,from nursing theory to practice: Insights from the area of alcohol and other drugsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING PRACTICE, Issue 4 2000Morgan Smith RN This article aims to assist nursing services to use the Ottawa Charter as a framework for nursing practice. Incorporation of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion into a nursing structure constitutes an innovation in nursing practice that was evaluated as a quality improvement exercise in a health-care organization responsible for providing services in the area of alcohol and other drugs. The evaluation consisted of two stages and sought to identify the degree to which the framework was effective in practice. This involved identifying issues surrounding the implementation of the Ottawa Charter as a framework for nursing practice as well as identifying the means by which quality improvements could occur. The evaluation involved an initial questionnaire to all nursing staff, followed by a series of focus groups. The data collected was both informative and enlightening and revealed a range of pertinent issues such as staff understanding and interpretation of the Ottawa Charter, expansion of the nurse's role and suggestions for organizational change. The Ottawa Charter strategies are discussed in relation to their relevance to the organization under evaluation and also expanded into recommendations to assist those contemplating using the Ottawa Charter as a framework for nursing practice. There was considerable agreement among the respondents that the Ottawa Charter provided a useful framework for nursing practice, but was on occasions problematic. [source] Concordance with community mental health appointments: service users' reasons for discontinuationJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 7 2004Tony Hostick MSc Background., Quality issues are being given renewed emphasis through clinical governance and a drive to ensure service users' views underpin health service development. Aims., To establish service users' reasons for discontinuation of community based mental health appointments in one National Health Service Trust. Method., A two-phase survey of all non-completers over a year. Phase one using a structured postal questionnaire. Phase two using structured interviews with respondents to phase one by post, telephone and face to face. Results., A total of 243 discharges because of non-completion were identified by local services over the 12 months of the study and followed up by initial questionnaire. This represents 8.19% of all discharges (2967) within the same period. Forty-four users were engaged and followed up within phase two of the survey. Data were subject to both quantitative and qualitative analysis. Conclusions., Analysis of responses suggests that the main reasons for non-completion are because of dissatisfaction although the reasons are varied and the interplay between variables is complex. Whilst this user group are not apparently suffering from ,severe mental illness', there is clear, expressed need for a service. Relevance to clinical practice., Whoever provides such a service should be responsive to expressed need and a non-medical approach seems to be favoured. If these needs are appropriately met then users are more likely to be engaged and satisfaction is likely to be improved. Although this in itself does not necessarily mean improved clinical outcomes, users are more likely to stay in touch until an agreed discharge. Practical problems of applied health service research are discussed and recommendations are made for a review of referral systems, service delivery and organization with suggestions for further research. [source] Sleep problems and daytime somnolence in a German population-based sample of snoring school-aged childrenJOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH, Issue 1 2007STEFFEN EITNER Summary Habitual snoring is associated with daytime symptoms like tiredness and behavioral problems. Its association with sleep problems is unclear. We aimed to assess associations between habitual snoring and sleep problems in primary school children. The design was a population-based cross-sectional study with a nested cohort study. The setting was twenty-seven primary schools in the city of Hannover, Germany. Habitual snoring and sleep problems were assessed in primary school children using an extended version of Gozal's sleep-disordered breathing questionnaire (n = 1144). Approximately 1 year later, parents of children reported to snore habitually (n = 114) and an equal number of children who snored never or occasionally were given the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, a validated questionnaire for the assessment of pediatric sleep problems. Snoring status was re-assessed using the initial questionnaire and children were then classified as long-term habitual snorers or ex-habitual snorers. An increasing prevalence of sleep problems was found with increasing snoring frequency for sleep-onset delay, night awakenings, and nightmares. Long-term habitual snorers were at significantly increased risk for sleep,wake transition disorders (e.g. rhythmic movements, hypnic jerks, sleeptalking, bruxism; odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 12.0, 3.8,37.3), sleep hyperhidrosis (3.6, 1.2,10.8), disorders of arousal/nightmares (e.g. sleepwalking, sleep terrors, nightmares; 4.6, 1.3,15.6), and excessive somnolence (i.e. difficulty waking up, morning tiredness, daytime somnolence; 6.3, 2.2,17.8). Ex-habitual snorers were at increased risk for sleep,wake transition disorders (4.4, 1.4,14.2). Habitual snoring was associated with several sleep problems in our study. Long-term habitual snorers were more likely to have sleep problems than children who had stopped snoring spontaneously. [source] The longitudinal relationship between the use of ergonomic measures and the incidence of low back complaintsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 6 2010Henk F. van der Molen PhD Abstract Background The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the primary preventive effect of the use of ergonomic measures on low back complaints among construction workers. Methods An initial questionnaire was sent to a cohort of bricklayers, carpenters, and pavers in 2000. Workers who reported no musculoskeletal complaints were selected (n,=,539) and divided into groups that either used or did not use ergonomic measures. The incidence of low back complaints among members of the two groups was re-assessed with a follow-up questionnaire administered in 2005. Results A total of 12.4% of the construction workers reported regular use of ergonomic measures at baseline and during follow-up. The 4.5-year incidence of regular or sustained low back complaints was 17.3%. Frequent use of ergonomic measures was associated with a 15% (RR,=,0.85; 95% confidence interval,=,0.46,1.55) reduced risk of reporting regular or sustained low back complaints among construction workers after a 4.5-year period. Conclusions This study did not find a statistically significant primary preventive effect of the use of ergonomic measures on low back complaints. Sustained use of effective ergonomic measures among a large group of young construction workers is necessary to provide possible evidence for a significant and relevant primary preventive effect of the use of ergonomic measures on low back complaints in the long term. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53: 635,640, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||