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Implant Stability Quotient (implant + stability_quotient)
Selected AbstractsA biomechanical assessment of the relation between the oral implant stability at insertion and subjective bone quality assessmentJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 4 2007Ghada Alsaadi Abstract Aim: The study was set to evaluate the validity of subjective jaw bone quality assessment. Materials and Methods: A total of 298 patients (198 females, mean age 56.4) were treated with oral implants at the Periodontology Department at the University Hospital of KUL. A total of 761 TiUniteÔ implants have been installed. Subjective bone quality assessment was performed on radiographs and by the surgeon's tactile sensation and was compared with torque measurements. In a subset of patients, implant stability was also assessed by implant stability quotient and/or periotest values. Results: Subjective assessment of bone quality was related to the PTV, ISQ and placement torque [in the crestal, the second and the apical third (N cm)], respectively; in grade 1: ,5.3, 73.3 (4.2, 9.6, 15.2), and grade 3 or 4: ,1.6, 55 (3.3, 5.5, 8.4). For the surgeon's tactile sensation, a good correlation was noted for the presence of a thick cortex: ,4.6, 70.3 (4.2, 9.7, 15.1), or a thin one: ,0.3, 65.9 (3.6, 6.9, 10.1). For dense trabecular bone, the values were ,2.8, 69.4 (4.4, 9.7,14.8), while for poor trabecular bone, the values were,1.7, 66.4 (3.6, 6.4, 9.8). Conclusions: Subjective assessment of bone quality is related to PTV, ISQ and placement torque measurements at implant insertion. [source] Report of a Case Receiving Full-Arch Rehabilitation in Both Jaws Using Immediate Implant Loading Protocols: A 1-Year Resonance Frequency Analysis Follow-UpCLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, Issue 1 2006Michael Portmann DDS ABSTRACT Background:, Immediate occlusal implant loading has been documented as a viable treatment option for various indications. However, documentations related to full-arch rehabilitation are usually limited to treatment of one jaw at a time, thereby leaving the opposing dentition unchanged. Furthermore, clinical documentation using traditional, well-accepted measuring techniques may not be adequate when it comes to short-term evaluation of the success or failure of implants subjected to immediate occlusal loading. Purpose:, The purpose of this case report is to (1) present an implant stability follow-up of a patient receiving an immediate, implant-supported full-arch rehabilitation in both jaws and (2) evaluate the patient's acceptance of this rehabilitation. Materials and Methods:, A 68-year-old patient scheduled for implant treatment was selected for an immediate implant loading protocol in both jaws. During two surgical events 3 weeks apart, eight maxillary and four mandibular Brånemark System® Mk IV TiUniteTM fixtures (Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden) were inserted and subsequently used to immediately support a cross-arch fixed prosthesis in the maxilla and a bar-retained overdenture in the mandible. Implant stability was recorded from the day of surgery periodically during a 1-year follow-up using resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Results:, At the 1-year follow-up, based on clinical, RFA, and radiographic evaluations, all implants and the reconstructions were classified as successful. All maxillary implants showed a decrease in the implant stability quotient (ISQ) value from the measurement at the time of surgery to the first follow-up, whereas two of four mandibular implants revealed an initial drop in stability. Irrespective of a specific ISQ level measured at implant surgery (ISQ range 53,74) and despite an initial decrease in stability, measurements recorded at the 12-month follow-up indicated similar stability levels for all maxillary implants (ISQ range 64,68) or the group of mandibular implants (ISQ range 72,75) but with a higher ISQ level for mandibular implants. Furthermore, the patient's acceptance of the immediate full-arch rehabilitation in both jaws was high. Conclusions:, The present case report demonstrates that a slightly staged approach for full-arch rehabilitation in both jaws using immediate implant loading protocols is a realistic treatment option. Furthermore, RFA follow-up indicates that immediately occlusally loaded implants placed in reduced bone quality and quantity are more prone to loose stability in the early healing period compared with implants placed in dense bone quality. [source] Stability Measurements of Osseointegrated Implants Using Osstell in Partially Edentulous Jaws after 1 Year of Loading: A Pilot StudyCLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, Issue 3 2002Piero Balleri MD ABSTRACT Background: The introduction of resonance frequency analysis (RFA) as a commercially available technique has made it possible to measure implant stability in implant stability quotient (ISQ) units at any time during the course of implant treatment and loading. However, no information on normal ISQ levels can be found in the literature. Purpose: The aim of this pilot study was to measure the stability of clinically successful implants in partially edentulous patients after 1 year of loading and to study the influence of jaw, anterior/posterior position, implant length, and marginal bone level on implant stability. Materials and Methods: Fourteen partially edentulous patients previously treated with 45 implants were subjected to clinical and radiographie evaluations and RFA measurements using Osstell (Integration Diagnostics, Sävedalen, Sweden) after 1 year of loading. Results: All 45 implants were stable, and implant stability levels were in the range of 57 to 82 ISQ units with a mean of 69 ± 6.5 ISQ after 1 year of loading. Mandibular implants were more stable than were maxillary ones. There were no differences between anterior and posterior implants. No correlation could be found between implant length and stability. Only minor marginal bone resorption was observed. Conclusions: The results from this limited material showed that successfully integrated implants have ISQ levels from 57 to 82 ISQ with a mean of 69 ISQ after 1 year of loading. Mandibular implants are more stable than are maxillary ones. High implant stability can be achieved with short implants and placement in posterior regions. [source] Resonance frequency measurements in vivo and related surface properties of magnesium-incorporated, micropatterned and magnesium-incorporated TiUnite®, Osseotite®, SLA® and TiOblast® implantsCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 10 2009Young-Taeg Sul Abstract Objective: To investigate implant stability using resonance frequency measurements of topographically changed and/or surface chemistry-modified implants in rabbit bone. Material and methods: Six groups of microstructured, screw-shaped titanium implants: two oxidized, cation-incorporated experimental implants [Mg implants and MgMp implants with micropatterned thread flanges (80,150 ,m wide and 60,70 ,m deep)] and four commercially available clinical implants (TiUnite®, Osseotite®, SLA®, and TiOblast®) were installed in 10 rabbit tibia for 6 weeks. The surface properties of the implants were characterized in detail using several analytical techniques. Implant stability was measured using a resonance frequency analyzer (OsstellÔ). Results: Surface characterization of the implants revealed microstructured, moderately rough implant surfaces varying 0.7,1.4 ,m in Sa (mean height deviation), but with clear differences in surface chemistry. After 6 weeks, all implants showed statistically significantly higher increases in implant stability. When compared with one another, MgMp implants showed the most significant mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) value relative to the others (P,0.016). In terms of increment (,ISQ) in implant stability, MgMp implants showed a significantly greater value as compared with Osseotite® (P,0.005), TiOblast® (P,0.005), TiUnite® (P,0.005), SLA® (P,0.007), and Mg implants (P,0.012). In addition, transducer direction dependence of resonance frequency analysis (RFA) measurements was observed such that the differences in the mean ISQ values between longitudinal and perpendicular measurements were significant at implant placement (P,0.004) and after 6 weeks (P,0). Conclusion: The present study found that implant surface properties influence RFA measurements of implant stability. Surface chemistry-modified titanium implants showed higher mean ISQ values than did topographically changed implants. In particular, cation (magnesium)-incorporated micropatterns in MgMp implants may play a primary role in ,ISQ. [source] Implant stability during osseointegration in irradiated and non-irradiated minipig alveolar bone: an experimental studyCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 2 2008Henk W. D. Verdonck Abstract: Objectives: Primary implant stability is related to local bone density. After insertion of an implant, implant stability is subject to changes due to bone remodeling. In patients who have undergone radiotherapy in the head and neck region, implant stability is impaired because irradiation reduces bone vitality. The current study was designed to monitor and test implant stability immediately after implant placement and during osseointegration in irradiated and non-irradiated minipig alveolar bone. Materials and methods: All maxillary and mandibular premolars and molars of six adult Göttingen minipigs were extracted. The maxilla and mandible of three minipigs received three irradiation exposures at a total dose of 24 Gy. After irradiation, five initial implant holes were drilled in the residual alveolar ridge of each edentulous site. In order to assess bone vascularity, laser Doppler flowmetry recordings were carried out in the initial holes. A total of 120 implants were placed in the six minipigs. Subsequently, and at 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implant placement, implant stability was recorded by resonance frequency analysis (RFA). RFA values were expressed as an implant stability quotient (ISQ). Results: ISQ values recorded immediately after implant placement showed no differences between irradiated and non-irradiated minipigs. Repeated measurements at the four recording moments showed a decrease of ISQ values in all minipigs, being more pronounced in irradiated bone, when compared with non-irradiated bone. The results at the third and fourth recording moments showed a stabilization or even a slight increase of ISQ values. Conclusions: The results document the negative effect of irradiation on bone vascularity and hence on implant stability. [source] Predicting osseointegration by means of implant primary stabilityCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 5 2004A resonance-frequency analysis study with delayed, immediately loaded ITI SLA implants Abstract: The purpose of the present clinical study was (1) to evaluate the Osstell as a diagnostic tool capable of differentiating between stable and mobile ITI implants, (2) to evaluate a cut-off threshold implant stability quotient (ISQ) value obtained at implant placement (ISQitv) that might be predictive of osseointegration, (3) to compare the predictive ISQitv of immediately loaded (IL) implants and implants loaded after 3 months (DL). Two patient groups were enrolled, 18 patients received 63 IL implants and 18 patients were treated with 43 DL implants. The ISQ was recorded at implant placement, after 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks. All implants passed the 1-year loading control. Two implants failed, one DL implant with ISQ at placement (ISQi) of 48 and one IL implant with ISQi of 53. The resonance-frequency analysis (RFA) method was not a reliable diagnostic tool to identify mobile implants. However, implant stability could be reliably determined for implants displaying an ISQ,47. After 1 year of loading, all DL implants with an ISQi,49 and all IL implants with an ISQi,54 achieved and maintained osseointegration. By the end of 3 months, implants with ISQi<60 had an increase of stability. Implants with ISQi 60,69 had their stability decrease during 8 weeks before returning to their initial values. Implants with ISQ>69 had their stability decrease during the first 4 weeks before remaining stable. Although preliminary, these data might orient the practitioner to choose among various loading protocols and to selectively monitor implants during the healing phase. Résumé Le but de l'étude clinique présente a été 1) d'évaluer l'Osstell comme machine de diagnostic capable de différencier l'implant ITI stable et du mobile, 2) d'évaluer un niveau seuil de la valeur du quotient de stabilité implantaire obtenue lors du placement de l'implant (ISQitv) qui pourrait être prophétique pour l'ostéoïntégration, 3) de comparer le jugement ISQitv d'implants immédiatement mis en charge (IL) et d'implants chargés trois mois après leur placement(DL). Deux groupes de patients ont participéà cette étude : 18 patients ont reçu 63 implants IL et 18 autres ont été traités avec 43 implants DL. Le ISQ a été enregistré lors du placement de l'implant et après 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 et 12 semaines. Tous les implants ont passé le contrôle de mise en charge d'une année. Deux implants ont échoué, un DL avec un ISQ lors de son placement de 48 et un implant IL avec un ISQi de 53 lors de son placement. La méthode RFA n'était pas un outil de diagnostic fiable pour identifier les implants mobiles. Cependant la stabilité implantaire pouvait être déterminée de manière sûre pour les implants qui avaient un ISQi 47. Après une année de mise en charge, tous les implants DL avec un ISQi 49 et tous les implants IL avec un ISQi 54 atteignaient et maintenaient l'ostéoïntégration. Après trois mois, les implants avec ISQi 60 montraient une augmentation de stabilité. Les implants avec ISQi de 60 à 69 avaient une diminution de la stabilité durant huit semaines avant de revenir à leur valeur initiale. Les implants avec ISQ>69 voyaient leur stabilité diminuée durant les premières quatre semaines avant de rester stables. Bien que préliminaires, ces données peuvent orienter le praticien pour choisir parmi différents protocoles de mise en charge et de suivre de manière sélective les implants durant la phase de guérison. Zusammenfassung Das Ziel dieser klinischen Studie war, 1) das Osstell als diagnostisches Werkzeug zur Unterscheidung von stabilen und beweglichen ITI-Implantaten zu untersuchen, 2) einen verbindlichen Grenzwert zu bestimmen, der in Form eines Implantatstabilitätsquotienten zum Zeitpunkt der Implantation (ISQitv) erhoben wird, und der als Voraussagewert für die Osseointegration dienen könnte, 3) den ISQitv von sofortbelasteten Implantaten (IL) und von erst nach 3 Monaten belasteten Implantaten (DL) zu vergleichen. Es waren zwei Patientengruppen beteiligt, 18 Patienten erhielten 63 IL-Implantate und 18 Patienten wurden mit 43 DL-Implantaten behandelt. Den ISQ-Wert bestimmte man sofort nach der Implantation, sowie nach 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 und 12 Wochen. Alle Implantate konnten nach einem Jahr überprüft und kontrolliert werden. 2 Implantate gingen verloren, ein DL-Implantat mit einem ISQ bei der Implantation (ISQi) von 48 und ein IL-Implantat mit einem ISQi von 53. Die RFA-Methode war kein verlässliches diagnostisches Werkzeug, um bewegliche Implantate zu erkennen. Man konnte aber für Implantate mit einem ISQ von>47 die Implantatstabilität verlässlich bestimmen. Nach einer Belastung über ein Jahr erreichten alle DL-Implantate mit einem ISQi von>49 und alle IL-Implantate mit einem ISQi von>54 eine stabile Osseointegration. Nach 3 Monaten, erreichten Implantate mit einem ISQi von<60 eine zunehmende Stabilität. Implantate mit einem ISQi von 60-69 verloren in den ersten 8 Wochen einen Teil ihrer Stabilität, bevor sie wieder zu den Anfangswerten zurückkehrten. Implantate mit einem ISQ>69 hatten ihre Stabilitätsabnahme in den ersten 4 Wochen, bevor sie wiederum dauerhaft stabil wurden. Obwohl es erste Daten sind, können sie dem Praktiker helfen, um zwischen den verschiedenen Belastungsprotokollen zu wählen, und um die Implantate ganz individuell durch die Heilungsphase hindurch zu betreuen. Resumen El propósito del presente estudio fue, 1) evaluar el Osstell como herramienta diagnóstica capaz de de diferenciar entre implantes ITI estables y móviles, 2) evaluar un valor de cociente de umbral de corte de estabilidad de implante obtenido al colocar el implante (ISQitv) que pueda ser predictivo de osteointegración, 3) comparar la predictibilidad del ISQitv de los implantes de carga inmediata (IL) e implantes cargados tras 3 meses (DL). Se enroló a dos grupos de pacientes, 18 pacientes recibieron 63 implantes IL y 18 pacientes se trataron con 43 implantes DL. Se recogieron los ISQ al colocar los implantes, tras 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 y 12 semanas. Todos los implantes superaron el control del año. 2 implantes fracasaron, un implante DL con un ISQ al colocarlo (ISQi) de 48 y un implante IL con un ISQi de 53. El método RFA no fue una herramienta fiable para identificar implantes móviles. De todos modos, la estabilidad de los implantes pudo ser determinada con fiabilidad para los implantes que mostraron un ISQ,47. Tras 1 año de carga, todos los implantes DL con un ISQi,49 y todos los IL con ISQi,54 lograron y mantuvieron la osteointegración. Al final de los 3 meses, los implantes con ISQ<60 tuvieron un incremento en la estabilidad. Los implantes con un ISQi de 60-69 tuvieron un descenso de la estabilidad durante 8 semanas antes de volver a sus valores iniciales. Los implantes con ISQ>69 tuvieron un descenso de la estabilidad durante la primeras 4 semanas antes de estabilizarse. Aunque preliminares, estos datos pueden orientar al clínico a escoger entre varios protocolos de carga y monitorizar selectivamente los implantes durante la fase de cicatrización. [source] Fresh-frozen vs. embalmed bone: is it possible to use formalin-fixed human bone for biomechanical experiments on implants?CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 5 2009Ayhan Cömert Abstract Purpose: As formalin is an extremely reactive electrophilic chemical that reacts with tissues, the purpose of this study was to explore whether formalin fixation could potentially alter the mechanical properties of bone tissue and have an effect on the primary stability measurements of implants. Material and methods: ,3.3 × 8 mm, ,4.1 × 8 mm, and ,4.8 × 8 mm implants were placed on sockets prepared into the anterior surface of the radius of two fresh-frozen human cadavers. The insertion torque of each implant was quantified using a strain-gauged torque-wrench connected to a data acquisition system at a sample rate of 10 KHz, and resonance frequency analysis measurements were also undertaken for each implant. The cadavers were then subjected to embalment with 10% formalin for 3 months, and the same experiments were undertaken on the contra lateral radius of the cadavers. Results: The insertion torques before and after chemical fixation were similar for ,3.3 mm (P>0.05), and higher values were obtained for ,4.1 mm and ,4.8 mm implants after chemical fixation (P<0.05). The resonance frequency analysis values before and after chemical fixation were similar for all implants (P>0.05). Conclusions: Implants have higher insertion torque values in formalin-fixed bone than fresh-frozen human bone, but similar implant stability quotients in both cases. The insertion torque technique can detect the difference between formalin-fixed and fresh-frozen human bone, but resonance frequency analysis cannot. [source] | ||||||||||