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Immediate Allergic Reactions (immediate + allergic_reaction)
Selected AbstractsImmediate allergic reaction to atropine in ophthalmic solution confirmed by basophil activation testALLERGY, Issue 9 2009P. Cabrera-Freitag No abstract is available for this article. [source] Immediate allergic reactions to cephalosporins and penicillins and their cross-reactivity in childrenPEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 4 2005-Markovi, Marina Atanaskovi Penicillins and cephalosporins are the most important betalactams inducing IgE-mediated reactions. The safety of administering cephalosporins to penicillin-allergic children is a particular problem, because cephalosporin allergenic determinants have not been properly identified. A study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of anaphylactic reactions to cephalosporins and penicillins and their cross-reactivity in a pediatric population. A prospective survey was conducted in a group of 1170 children with suspected immediate allergic reactions to cephalosporins and/or penicillins, which were examined during a period of 8 yr. In vivo (skin tests and challenges) and in vitro tests (for specific IgE) were performed with standard concentration of penicillins and cephalosporins. When 1170 children with a clinical history of allergy to penicillins and/or cephalosporins were tested in vivo for immediate hypersensitivity to betalactams, 58.3% cases overall were found to be skin or challenge test positive. Among them, 94.4% patients were positive to penicillins and 35.3% to cephalosporins. The frequency of positive reactions in the in vivo testing was in the range from 36.4% to 88.1% for penicillins and from 0.3% to 29.2% for cephalosporins. However, 31.5% of the penicillin allergic children cross-reacted to some cephalosporin. If a child was allergic to a cephalosporin, the frequency of positive reactions to penicillin was 84.2%. The cross-reactivity between cephalosporins and penicillins varied between 0.3% and 23.9%. The cross-reactivity among different generations of cephalosporins varied between 0% and 68.8%, being the highest for first and second-generation cephalosporins and 0% for third generation cephalosporins. The frequency of immediate allergic reactions to cephalosporins is considerably lower compared to penicillins, and the degree of cross-reactivity between cephalosporins and penicillins depends on the generation of cephalosporins, being higher with earlier generation cephalosporins. The cross-reactivity among cephalosporins is lower compared to cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins. [source] Continued need of appropriate betalactam-derived skin test reagents for the management of allergy to betalactamsCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY, Issue 2 2007M. Blanca Summary Immediate allergic reactions to betalactams (BLs) are due to IgE antibodies that recognize the ring-derived penicilloyl determinant or side-chain structures of common BLs. The presence of specific IgE antibodies can be demonstrated by skin testing, the determination of specific IgE antibodies in sera or their binding to basophils with subsequent activation upon contact with penicillins in vitro. Skin tests are still the most sensitive technique followed by in vitro tests, which may sometimes yield useful complementary information. The diversity of the response to BLs has meant that in some instances, in addition to benzylpenicillin-derived determinants, testing for amoxycillin, cephalosporins or other BLs may also be required to establish the diagnosis. The recent withdrawal from the market of BL-derived materials for skin testing will have a serious effect on public health, resulting in a return to the pre-1960 era before these reagents became available. Because of their greater sensitivity, these skin tests cannot yet be replaced by in vitro tests. Furthermore, skin tests are the most readily available form of allergy testing for physicians. This paper reviews the results of skin tests in BL allergy and provides evidence for their continued need. [source] An anaphylactic reaction to blood supplied from patient's motherACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 10 2002Y. Nakaigawa We present the case of a 4-year-old girl who developed anaphylactic shock during general anesthesia. Symptoms appeared 80 min into the operation and may have been an immediate allergic reaction to the transfused blood supplied from the child's mother based on the clinical signs, the decrease of components of complements and the elevated concentrations of histamine and tryptase. The blood type was the same and antibody screening test and crossmatch was negative. The blood was irradiated and we used a white cell-reduction filter. This patient possibly has antibodies to her mother's plasma and this type of reaction cannot be prevented by these routine methods. It is reported that the risk of transfusion associated graft-vs.-host disease is high when a patient receives blood from a closely related donor. However, there are, no reports of anaphylactic reactions to blood supplied from mother to child. We suggest that there is a potential for anaphylactic reaction as well as transfusion associated graft-vs.-host disease when a child patient receives blood from the mother. [source] Management of cow's milk protein allergy in infants and young children: An expert panel perspectiveJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 9 2009Katrina J Allen Abstract Cow's milk protein allergy is a condition commonly managed by general practitioners and paediatricians. The diagnosis is usually made in the first 12 months of life. Management of immediate allergic reactions and anaphylaxis includes the prevention of accidental food ingestion and provision of an adrenaline autoinjector, if appropriate. By contrast, the clinical course of delayed food-allergic manifestations is characterised by chronicity, and is often associated with nutritional or behavioural sequelae. Correct diagnosis of these non-IgE-mediated conditions may be delayed due to a lack of reliable diagnostic markers. This review aims to guide clinicians in the: (i) diagnostic evaluation (skin prick testing or measurement of food-specific serum IgE levels; indications for diagnostic challenges for suspected IgE- and non-IgE-mediated food allergy), (ii) dietary treatment, (iii) assessment of response to treatment, (iv) differential diagnosis and further diagnostic work-up in non-responders, (v) follow-up assessment of tolerance development and (vi) recommendations for further referral. [source] Role of minor determinants of amoxicillin in the diagnosis of immediate allergic reactions to amoxicillinALLERGY, Issue 5 2010M. J. Torres To cite this article: Torres MJ, Ariza A, Fernández J, Moreno E, Laguna JJ, Montañez MI, Ruiz-Sanchez AJ, Blanca M. Role of minor determinants of amoxicillin in the diagnosis of immediate allergic reactions to amoxicillin. Allergy 2010; 65: 590,596. Abstract Background:, Skin testing of subjects with immediate hypersensitivity to amoxicillin is performed using major and minor determinants of benzylpenicillin plus amoxicillin. However, sensitivity is not optimal, and other determinants need to be considered. We assessed the sensitivity of stable, well-characterized minor determinants of amoxicillin in subjects with immediate allergic reactions to amoxicillin to improve skin test sensitivity. Methods:, Amoxicillin, amoxicilloic acid, and diketopiperazine were prepared and characterized by reverse-phase HPLC, tested in vivo by skin testing and in vitro by basophil activation test and RAST inhibition assay. Results:, Patients with immediate hypersensitivity to amoxicillin were selected: Group A (n = 32), skin test positive just to amoxicillin; Group B (n = 19), skin test positive to benzylpenicillin determinants; Group C (n = 10), skin test negative and amoxicillin drug provocation test positive. In Group A, 27 subjects (81.8%) were skin test positive to amoxicillin, ten (30.3%) to amoxicilloic acid, two (6.1%) to diketopiperacine, and six (18.2%) negative. In Group B, nine (50%) were positive to amoxicillin, eight (42.1%) to amoxicilloic acid, none to diketopiperacine, and nine (50%) negative. In Group C, skin tests were negative. BAT was positive to amoxicillin in 26 patients (50.9%), to amoxicilloic acid in 15 (29.1%), and diketopiperazine in four (7.8%). RAST inhibition studies showed > 50% inhibition in all sera, with the highest concentration of amoxicillin and amoxicilloic acid. Conclusions:, The combination of minor determinants of amoxicillin, amoxicilloic acid, and diketopiperazine seems to be of no greater value than the use of amoxicillin alone. Further efforts are needed to find new structures to improve sensitivity in the diagnosis of immediate hypersensitivity to betalactams. [source] Immediate allergic reactions to cephalosporins and penicillins and their cross-reactivity in childrenPEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 4 2005-Markovi, Marina Atanaskovi Penicillins and cephalosporins are the most important betalactams inducing IgE-mediated reactions. The safety of administering cephalosporins to penicillin-allergic children is a particular problem, because cephalosporin allergenic determinants have not been properly identified. A study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of anaphylactic reactions to cephalosporins and penicillins and their cross-reactivity in a pediatric population. A prospective survey was conducted in a group of 1170 children with suspected immediate allergic reactions to cephalosporins and/or penicillins, which were examined during a period of 8 yr. In vivo (skin tests and challenges) and in vitro tests (for specific IgE) were performed with standard concentration of penicillins and cephalosporins. When 1170 children with a clinical history of allergy to penicillins and/or cephalosporins were tested in vivo for immediate hypersensitivity to betalactams, 58.3% cases overall were found to be skin or challenge test positive. Among them, 94.4% patients were positive to penicillins and 35.3% to cephalosporins. The frequency of positive reactions in the in vivo testing was in the range from 36.4% to 88.1% for penicillins and from 0.3% to 29.2% for cephalosporins. However, 31.5% of the penicillin allergic children cross-reacted to some cephalosporin. If a child was allergic to a cephalosporin, the frequency of positive reactions to penicillin was 84.2%. The cross-reactivity between cephalosporins and penicillins varied between 0.3% and 23.9%. The cross-reactivity among different generations of cephalosporins varied between 0% and 68.8%, being the highest for first and second-generation cephalosporins and 0% for third generation cephalosporins. The frequency of immediate allergic reactions to cephalosporins is considerably lower compared to penicillins, and the degree of cross-reactivity between cephalosporins and penicillins depends on the generation of cephalosporins, being higher with earlier generation cephalosporins. The cross-reactivity among cephalosporins is lower compared to cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins. [source] | ||||||||||