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Analytical Figures (analytical + figure)
Selected AbstractsAmperometric Determination of Glucose at Conventional vs.ELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 12 2010Nanostructured Gold Electrodes in Neutral Solutions Abstract The conventional gold electrodes were compared with recently published electrodes based on gold nanoparticles and gold nanostructured films as amperometric sensors for glucose in pH,7.40 phosphate buffer solutions. The conventional electrodes provided similar electroanalytical benefits while required much simpler and shorter preparation. It is recommended that the future reports on the development of electrochemical sensors based on metal nanoparticles/nanostructures include also the analytical figures of merit obtained at relevant conventional metal electrodes. The voltammetric studies indicated that, in contrast to phosphate buffers, the Tris buffers were not suitable for activation of gold surface toward the direct oxidation of glucose. [source] Improved calculation of the net analyte signal in inverse multivariate calibrationJOURNAL OF CHEMOMETRICS, Issue 6 2001Joan Ferré Abstract The net analyte signal (NAS) is the part of the measured signal that a calibration model relates to the property of interest (e.g. analyte concentration). Accurate values of the NAS are required in multivariate calibration to calculate analytical figures of merit such as sensitivity, selectivity, signal-to-noise ratio and limit of detection. This paper presents an improved version of the calculation method for the NAS in inverse models proposed by Lorber et al. (Anal. Chem. 1997; 69: 1620). Model coefficients and predictions calculated with the improved NAS are the same as those from the common equations of principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS) regression. The necessary alterations to the calculations of sensitivity, selectivity and the pseudounivariate presentation of the model are also provided. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Inorganic analysis of biological fluids using capillary electrophoresisJOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE, JSS, Issue 11 2008Andrei R. Timerbaev Abstract This review article focuses on recent advances of CE in determination of inorganic species in biological fluids and covers the years of dedicated research in the field since 2001 when a previous similar review was published [1]. The most productive area, in which CE has distinctively progressed over the review period, encompasses assaying major inorganic anions and cations in blood serum and urine. Other applications include assessing less abundant analytes, e. g., heavy metals or seleno-compounds, and less abundant body fluids (saliva, sweat, etc.). Special emphasis is placed on developments in CE methodology that comprised modifications of separation and detection hardware and using specific electrolyte modifiers to enhance the resolution of a CE system. Significant progress in the application of in-line preconcentration methods in order to move CE ahead closer to trace analyte levels is also brought into focus. A series of tables detailing highly developed CE procedures and the analytical figures of merit accomplished are included. Finally discussed are further strategies for the method's expansion in the practice of biomedical and clinical laboratories where CE could likely acquire the status of a benchmark analytical technique. [source] Femtosecond laser ablation elemental mass spectrometryMASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS, Issue 4 2006Roland Hergenröder Abstract Laser ablation mass spectrometry (LA-MS) has always been an interesting method for the elemental analysis of solid samples. Chemical analysis with a laser requires small amounts of material. Depending on the analytical detection system, subpicogram quantities may be sufficient. In addition, a focused laser beam permits the spatial characterization of heterogeneity in solid samples typically with micrometer resolution in terms of lateral and depth dimensions. With the advent of high-energy, ultra-short pulse lasers, new possibilities arise. The task of this review is to discuss the principle differences between the ablation process of short (>1 ps) and ultra-short (<1 ps) pulses. Based on the timescales and the energy balance of the process that underlies an ablation event, it will be shown that ultra-short pulses are less thermal and cause less collateral damages than longer pulses. The confinement of the pulse energy to the focal region guarantees a better spatial resolution in all dimensions and improves the analytical figures of merit (e.g., fractionation). Applications that demonstrate these features and that will be presented are in-depth profiling of multi-layer samples and the elemental analysis of biological materials. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 25:551,572, 2006 [source] | ||||||||||