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Analgesics
Kinds of Analgesics Terms modified by Analgesics Selected AbstractsOpiate Use to Control Bowel Motility May Induce Chronic Daily Headache in Patients With MigraineHEADACHE, Issue 3 2001S.M. Wilkinson MD Objectives.,To investigate whether opiate overuse might cause chronic daily headache in those with migraine, we studied patients who were taking codeine (or other opiates) for control of bowel motility after colectomy for ulcerative colitis. Background.,Analgesic overuse is considered by many to be one factor which can result in the transformation of migraine into a chronic daily headache pattern. Most of the evidence for this comes from patients with migraine who are taking increasing amounts of analgesia for headache. Many of these patients revert to an intermittent migraine pattern once the analgesics are stopped. Methods.,Women who were 1 year postcolectomy for ulcerative colitis were identified in several colorectal surgery practices in Calgary. They were sent a questionnaire designed to determine if they had a history of migraine prior to surgery, if they currently had chronic daily headache, what medications they were taking to control bowel motility, and what medications they were taking for headache. Results.,Twenty-eight patients who met our inclusion criteria returned completed questionnaires. Eight of these exceeded the recommended limits for opiate use in patients with headache. Eight patients met diagnostic criteria for migraine. Two patients had chronic daily headache starting after surgery. Both used daily opiates beginning after their surgery, and both had a history of migraine. The other six patients who used opiates daily did not have a history of migraine and did not have chronic daily headache. All patients with migraine who used daily opiates to control bowel motility following surgery developed chronic daily headache after surgery. Conclusions.,Patients with migraine who use daily opiates for any reason are at high risk of developing transformed migraine with chronic daily headache. This risk appears much lower in patients without a history of migraine who use opiates for nonpain indications. [source] Analgesic and antiemetic effect of ketorolac vs. betamethasone or dexamethasone after ambulatory surgeryACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 3 2007K. S. Thagaard Background:, Glucocorticoids are known to provide slower onset and more prolonged duration of analgesic effect than ketorolac. In the present study, we wanted to evaluate the effect over time from a single dose of either intravenous (i.v.) dexamethasone or an intramuscular (i.m.) depot formulation of betamethasone compared with i.v. ketorolac. Materials and methods:, One hundred and seventy-nine patients admitted for mixed ambulatory surgery were included in the study. After induction of general i.v. anaesthesia, the patients were randomized to receive double-blindly either dexamethasone 4 mg i.v. (Group D) or betamethasone depot formulation 12 mg i.m. (Group B) or ketorolac 30 mg i.v. (Group K). Fentanyl was used for rescue analgesic medication in the post-operative care unit (PACU) and codeine with paracetamol after discharge, for a study period of 3 days. Results:, There was significantly less post-operative pain in the ketorolac group during the stay in the unit (88% with minor or less pain in Group K vs. 74% and 67% in Groups D and B, respectively, P < 0.05), significantly less need for rescue medication (P < 0.05) and significantly less nausea or vomiting (12% in Group K vs. 30% in the other groups pooled, P < 0.05). The ketorolac patients were significantly faster for ready discharge, median 165 min vs. 192 min and 203 min in Groups D and B, respectively (P < 0.01). There were no differences between the groups in perceived pain, nausea, vomiting or rescue analgesic consumption in the 4- to 72-h period. Conclusion:, Dexamethasone 4 mg or bethamethasone 12 mg did not provide prolonged post-operative analgesic effect compared with ketorolac 30 mg, which was superior for analgesia and antiemesis in the PACU. [source] Analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions of robenacoxib in acute joint inflammation in dogJOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 2 2010V. B. SCHMID Schmid, V. B., Spreng, D. E., Seewald, W., Jung, M., Lees, P., King, J. N. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions of robenacoxib in acute joint inflammation in dog. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 33, 118,131. The objectives of this study were to establish dose,response and blood concentration,response relationships for robenacoxib, a novel nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with selectivity for inhibition of the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 isoenzyme, in a canine model of synovitis. Acute synovitis of the stifle joint was induced by intra-articular injection of sodium urate crystals. Robenacoxib (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg), placebo and meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg) were administered subcutaneously (s.c.) 3 h after the urate crystals. Pharmacodynamic endpoints included data from forceplate analyses, clinical orthopaedic examinations and time course of inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 in ex vivo whole blood assays. Blood was collected for pharmacokinetics. Robenacoxib produced dose-related improvement in weight-bearing, pain and swelling as assessed objectively by forceplate analysis (estimated ED50 was 1.23 mg/kg for z peak force) and subjectively by clinical orthopaedic assessments. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of robenacoxib were significantly superior to placebo (0.25,4 mg/kg robenacoxib) and were non-inferior to meloxicam (0.5,4 mg/kg robenacoxib). All dosages of robenacoxib produced significant dose-related inhibition of COX-2 (estimated ED50 was 0.52 mg/kg) but no inhibition of COX-1. At a dosage of 1,2 mg/kg administered s.c., robenacoxib should be at least as effective as 0.2 mg/kg of meloxicam in suppressing acute joint pain and inflammation in dogs. [source] Effects of linearly polarized 0.6,1.6 ,M irradiation on stellate ganglion function in normal subjects and people with complex regional pain (CRPS I)LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE, Issue 5 2003Jeffrey R. Basford MD Abstract Background and Objectives Stellate ganglion blocks are an effective but invasive treatment of upper extremity pain. Linearly polarized red and near-infrared (IR) light is promoted as a safe alternative to this procedure, but its effects are poorly established. This study was designed to assess the physiological effects of this latter approach and to quantitate its benefits in people with upper extremity pain due to Complex Regional Pain Syndrome I (CRPS I, RSD). Study Design/Materials and Methods This was a two-part study. In the first phase, six adults (ages 18,60) with normal neurological examinations underwent transcutaneous irradiation of their right stellate ganglion with linearly polarized 0.6,1.6 ,m light (0.92 W, 88.3 J). Phase two consisted of a double-blinded evaluation of active and placebo radiation in 12 subjects (ages 18,72) of which 6 had upper extremity CRPS I and 6 served as "normal" controls. Skin temperature, heart rate (HR), sudomotor function, and vasomotor tone were monitored before, during, and for 30 minutes following irradiation. Analgesic and sensory effects were assessed over the same period as well as 1 and 2 weeks later. Results Three of six subjects with CRPS I and no control subjects experienced a sensation of warmth following active irradiation (P,=,0.025). Two of the CRPS I subjects reported a >50% pain reduction. However, four noted minimal or no change and improvement did not reach statistical significance for the group as a whole. No statistically significant changes in autonomic function were noted. There were no adverse consequences. Conclusions Irradiation is well tolerated. There is a suggestion in this small study that treatment is beneficial and that its benefits are not dependent on changes in sympathetic tone. Further evaluation is warranted. Lasers Surg. Med. 32:417,423, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Analgesic and antiinflammatory activity of Cyclamen repandum S. et S.PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 7 2007E. Speroni Abstract According to folk medicine some species belonging to the genus Cyclamen were used for their biological activities. Early investigation of the different species of the genus resulted in the isolation of triterpenic saponins. No phytochemical and biological data are available on C. repandum. As part of a series of phytochemical investigations for bioactive compounds from medicinal plants, Cyclamen repandum S. et S. was investigated. The present study sought to find the antiinflammatory and antinociceptive activities of C. repandum tubers in rats and mice. A preliminary screening was conducted with three different extracts in the tests used, particularly the paw edema and the writhing tests. Subsequently some saponins isolated from the ME extract, the more effective one, have been identified. This paper also describes the results of fractionation and bioassay guided chemical studies. Chemical investigation of the active extract afforded the isolation and characterization of six triterpenic saponins. The possible antiinflammatory and analgesic properties were investigated as the saponin content of the fractions allows to speculate on such aspect. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Analgesic, antipyretic and Ulcerogenic properties of an indigenous formulation , KalpaamruthaaPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 6 2007Rajendran Mythilypriya Abstract A modified indigenous Siddha formulation Kalpaamruthaa (KA), containing Semecarpus anacardium nut milk extract (SA), dried powder of Emblica officinalis (EO) fruit and honey was evaluated for its analgesic, antipyretic and Ulcerogenic properties. Both SA and KA, at a dose of 150 mg/kg b. wt were compared with the standard drug diclofenac sodium. KA exhibited an enhanced effect on all properties compared with that found with sole SA treatment, and is likely to be due to synergistic and additive interactions within the complex mixture of phytochemicals present in KA. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Analgesic and hepatotoxic effects of Ononis spinosa L.PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 6 2006Betül Sever Yőlmaz Abstract The present study investigated the analgesic and hepatoprotective activities of a water extract of Ononis spinosa L. (OS) in mice. Analgesic activity was based on the pain thresholds measured with the tail-flick test before administration at 30, 90 and 150 min. The results were analysed with one-way variance analysis. The extract of Ononis spinosa showed analgesic activity equivalent to aspirin at 30 and 90 min and even higher than aspirin with the 50 mg/kg dose. At a dose of 100 mg/kg OS showed an analgesic effect equivalent to aspirin at all time points. The hepatoprotective influence of OS on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver toxicity was also studied. The extract had no significant effect on the increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin in CCl4 treated animals (p > 0.05). Thus, the results reveal that the extract of OS had no hepatoprotective effect on CCl4 -induced acute liver toxicity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract from Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. Hillaire (Manacá) rootsPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 12 2004L. G. Matos Abstract Acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, the tail flick test and carrageenan-induced peritonitis were used to study the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the crude ethanolic extract from Spiranthera odoratissima roots. Pentobarbital-induced sleeping time was used to study the central depressant effect of the extract. The ethanolic extract caused a dose dependent inhibition of acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and leukocyte migration, and produced a significant, dose-related increase in the duration of sleep. The results suggest that Spiranthera odoratissima roots contain compounds with anti-inflammatory and central depressant actions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Analgesic and antiinflammatory properties of Sideritis lotsyi var. MascaensisPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 3 2002Margarita Hernández-Pérez Abstract The antiinflammatory, analgesic and antimicrobial activities of crude ethanol extracts of Sideritis lotsyi var. mascaensis (Lamiaceae), and chloroform and aqueous fractions were evaluated in mice using paw and ear oedema induced by carrageenan and 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-acetate (TPA), respectively, as inflammation models, the writhing test induced by acetic acid for evaluating analgesic activity and the disk-diffusion method for testing antimicrobial actions. The results obtained demonstrated significant topical antiinflammatory and analgesic activities for the ethanol extract and chloroform fraction, but no relevant antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms tested. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Analgesic and antipyretic effects of Myrica salicifolia (Myricaceae)PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue S1 2002K. Njung'e Abstract Myrica salicifolia Hoechst (Myricaceae) root extract was found to have analgesic activity in mice. In rats there was antipyretic but no antiinflammatory activity. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Analgesic and antiinflammatory activities of vernonioside B2 from Vernonia condensataPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 3 2001A. L. Valverde Abstract Vernonioside B2 isolated from the methanol extract of the Brazilian herb Vernonia condensata Baker was evaluated in vivo for analgesic and antiinflammatory activities. The compound reduced writhings (93.28%) and Evans blue dye diffusion (91.80%) induced by acetic acid (0.1,N) in a dose-dependent manner. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Synthesis of New 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one Derivatives for Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory EvaluationARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 5 2010Osama I. El-Sabbagh Abstract Starting from isatoic anhydrides, several new 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives bearing chalcone or pyrazole or thiazole moieties at the third position were synthesized. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities for most compounds were studied at a dose level of 50 mg/kg via the acetic-acid-induced writhing-response method and carrageenan-induced edema method, respectively. The study showed that the chalcones bearing a 4-chlorophenyl group 4c or 4-nitrophenyl group 4b were the most active ones as analgesics. Both chalcone 4c and N -phenyl pyrazole bearing 4-methoxy phenyl group 5b showed a higher anti-inflammatory activity than celecoxib but still lower than that of diclofenac sodium. Moreover, the chalcone 4c has nearly the same ulcerogenic index as the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib. [source] Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel 2-Substituted-quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as Potent Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory AgentsARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 2 2010Bilal Ahmad Rather Abstract A novel series of 2-substituted-quinazolin-4(3H)-ones were synthesized by reacting 3,5-disubstituted-anthranilic acid with acetic anhydride/benzoyl chloride, which were further reacted with different primary amines to obtain 2,6,8-substituted-quinazolin-4(3H)-ones 6a,f, 7, 8. All the synthesized compounds were characterized and screened for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Compounds 6,8-dibromo-2-phenyl-3-(4,-carboxyl phenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 7 and 6,8-dibromo-2-phenyl-3-(2,-phenylethanoic acid)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 8 displayed good analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity in comparison to the reference standards acetyl salicylic acid and indomethacin, respectively. [source] Novel 3,6-Disubstituted 7H -1,2,4-Triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazines: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Analgesic / Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant ActivitiesARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 5 2009Birsen Tozkoparan Abstract In this study, the synthesis of a new series of 3,6-disubstituted-7H -1,2,4-triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazine 1a,4c compounds derived from 4-amino-3-substituted-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiones 1,4 is described. All of the synthesized compounds were screened for their possible analgesic / anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities and gastric toxicity. The compound 2c was found to have both significant analgesic and consistent anti-inflammatory activity without inducing any gastric lesions along with minimal lipid peroxidation. A deep insight into the structures of the active compounds revealed that the compounds carrying an electron withdrawing group (a chloride or fluoride) on the phenyl ring at 6-position of the condensed heterocyclic derivatives exhibited noticeable higher activity. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activities Evaluation of Some Bi-, Tri- and Tetracyclic Condensed Pyrimidines.CHEMINFORM, Issue 9 2010Kamilia M. Amin Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Regioselective Synthesis of Novel spiro-Thioxanthene and spiro-Xanthene-9,,2-[1,3,4]thiadiazole Derivatives as Potential Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Agents.CHEMINFORM, Issue 1 2009H. N. Hafez Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of Analgesic, Antiinflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of New 6-Acyl-3-alkyl-5-methyl-2(3H)-benzoxazolones.CHEMINFORM, Issue 51 2008Meric Koksal Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Analgesic and Antimicrobial Studies of Some 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluorophenyl Containing Arylidenetriazolothiadiazines.CHEMINFORM, Issue 37 2008Mari S. Karthikeyan Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Some 3-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-substituted Amino-3H-quinazolin-4-ones as Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Agents.CHEMINFORM, Issue 18 2007Veerachamy Alagarsamy Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] Synthesis and Antiinflammatory, Analgesic, Ulcerogenic and Lipid Peroxidation Activities of 3,5-Dimethyl Pyrazoles, 3-Methyl Pyrazol-5-ones and 3,5-Disubstituted Pyrazolines.CHEMINFORM, Issue 15 2006Mohd Amir Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] Synthesis of N-Substituted-N-acylthioureas of 4-Substituted Piperazines Endowed with Local Anaesthetic, Antihyperlipidemic, Antiproliferative Activities and Antiarrythmic, Analgesic, Antiaggregating Actions.CHEMINFORM, Issue 2 2004Angelo Ranise Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Synthesis and Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activity of Some New 6-Acyl-2-benzoxazolinone and 6-Acyl-2-benzothiazolinone Derivatives with Acetic Acid and Propanoic Acid Residues.CHEMINFORM, Issue 52 2003Serdar Uenlue Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Studies on Novel 7-Acyl-5-chloro-2-oxo-3H-benzoxazole Derivatives as Potential Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Agents.CHEMINFORM, Issue 49 2003Serdar Uenlue Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Synthesis and Antiinflammatory, Analgesic, Ulcerogenic and Cyclooxygenase Activities of Novel Quinazolinyl-,2 -pyrazolines (VI).CHEMINFORM, Issue 47 2003Ashok Kumar No abstract is available for this article. [source] Synthesis of 5-Arylidene-2-aryl-3-(1,2,4-triazoloacetamidyl)-1,3-thiadiazol-4-ones as Antibacterial, Antifungal, Analgesic and Diuretic Agents.CHEMINFORM, Issue 2 2003S. K. Srivastava Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Antiinflammatory, Analgesic and Antiamoebic Activity Evaluation of Some Pyrimidobenzimidazole and Pyrimidopyridoimidazole Derivatives.CHEMINFORM, Issue 25 2002Sham M. Sondhi Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4(1H)-Pyridinone Derivatives and Investigation of Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activities.CHEMINFORM, Issue 37 2001Guelcan Oeztuerk Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activity of ,-Acetoxyphenylacetic Acid Amides.CHEMINFORM, Issue 36 2001M. S. Mashevskaya Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] Knowledge and management of infants' pain by mothers in Ile Ife, NigeriaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING PRACTICE, Issue 4 2008Adenike Olaogun Mothers' knowledge and management of pain in infants were assessed in this study. A total of 130 mothers from two health centres in Ile Ife, Southwest, Nigeria were selected by systematic sampling method. Only 3.8% indicated that neonates experience pain. Malaria (46.2%) was the major cause of pain identified. Analgesic/antimalarials (56.9%) and breastfeeding (16.9%) are used in pain relief. To improve the quality of life of infants, mothers must be educated on the assessment, early detection and management of pain. [source] Non-pigmenting fixed drug eruption caused by allylisopropylacetylureaCONTACT DERMATITIS, Issue 4 2003Yukikazu Numata An unusual case of a non-pigmenting fixed drug eruption caused by allylisopropylacetylurea is reported. Several hours after taking an analgesic (New Kaiteki A®), a 30-year-old Japanese woman, who had experienced similar eruptions several times after taking other analgesics, developed numerous variously sized, itchy, round-to-oval erythematous eruptions on the trunk and extremities. After she discontinued taking this drug, all such eruptions resolved within 2 weeks, without leaving postinflammatory pigmentation. Patch testing with New Kaiteki A® itself and one of its active ingredients, allylisopropylacetylurea, on lesional skin, but not on uninvolved skin, showed positive erythematous reactions after 2 days. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||