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Identified Compounds (identified + compound)
Selected AbstractsFumigant toxicity of Korean medicinal plant essential oils and components from Asiasarum sieboldi root against Sitophilus oryzae L.FLAVOUR AND FRAGRANCE JOURNAL, Issue 2 2008Junheon Kim Abstract Medicinal plant essential oils and components from Asiasarum sieboldi were tested for their insecticidal activities against the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae, using a fumigation bioassay. Responses varied with plant material and concentration. The LC50 value of A. sieboldi essential oil against rice weevil was 2.37 µg/ml air. Analysis by gas chromatography,mass spectrometry led to the identification of 20 compounds from A. sieboldi essential oil. Among identified compounds, five main compounds were tested for their insecticidal activity against rice weevil and compared to the toxicity of dichlorvos. Responses varied with compound and dose. Eucarvone was the most toxic, followed by safrole, with LC50 values of 3.32 and 11.27 µg/ml, respectively. LC50 values of other compounds were >25 µg/ml. The LC50 value of dichlorvos was 0.0081 µg/ml. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Micromeria cristata and Micromeria julianaFLAVOUR AND FRAGRANCE JOURNAL, Issue 1 2006Gordana Stojanovi Abstract The chemical composition of the essential oil of Micromeria cristata and Micromeria juliana was determined by GC-MS analysis. Among the 36 identified compounds of the M. cristata essential oil, isoborneol (11.3%), borneol (8.5%), verbenone (8.2%), 10- epi - , -cadinol and thujan-3-ol, were found to be major components. The main constituents of the M. juliana oil were verbenol (11.8%), thymol (10.8%), caryophyllene oxide (10.5%), borneol (9.3%) and myrtenal (7.1%). The in-vitro antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic solution of the essential oils was investigated by the disk diffusion method with ampicillin as the standard antibiotic against six microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enteritidis and Aspergillus niger). At 1:20 dilution the activity of both oils was moderate while at 1:40 dilution the oils showed weak or no activity. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] (11Z)-hexadec-11-enal enhances the attractiveness of Diatraea saccharalis main pheromone component in wind tunnel experimentsJOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 2 2005B. Kalinová Abstract:, GC-EAD and GC-MS analysis of pheromone gland extracts of sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis, revealed two antennally active compounds, (9Z,11E)-hexadeca-9,1-dienal and (11Z)-hexadec-11-enal, in approximately 10 : 1 ratio. Various doses of identified compounds were investigated in wind tunnel experiments individually and in a 10 : 1 ratio. At all tested doses (9Z,11E)-hexadeca-9,1-dienal alone elicited upwind orientation and source location only in a minority of tested males. An admixture of (11Z)-hex-11-enal enhanced the attractiveness of (9Z,11E)-hexadeca-9,11-dienal significantly. This two-component blend (100 pg) was as attractive as natural pheromone extracted from three female pheromone glands. The data suggest that (11Z)-hexadec-11-enal is a part of the D. saccharalis sex pheromone. [source] Characterization of compounds in the Chinese herbal drug Mu-Dan-Pi by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometryRAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 22 2006Shun-jun Xu Cortex Moutan is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine derived from Paeonia suffruticosa ANDREWS. However, root cortices of P. delavayi and P. decomposita also are used under the name of this drug in some regions such as Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces, respectively. In order to make a comparison of their chemical constituents, the compounds of the three Paeonia species were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection/electrospray ionization and quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS2). A total of 50 compounds were observed in the 50% (v/v) methanolic extracts, including 17 monoterpenes, 14 galloyl glucoses, 10 acetophenones, 5 phenolic acids, 3 flavonoids and 1 triterpene. These chemical constituents were separated on a C18 column and identified or tentatively characterized based on UV spectra and MS fragmentation behavior. The chemical compositions of the three Paeonia species were found to have many differences. Paeonol was the predominant constituent of P. suffruticosa and P. decomposita, while P. delavayi contained albiflorin and more galloyl glucoses than the other two Paeonia species. Most of these identified compounds have been reported from P. delavayi and P. decomposita for the first time. The ESI-MS fragmentation behavior of monoterpene glycosides, acetophenones and galloyl glucoses was also investigated successively, and appropriate characteristic pathways were proposed. The large differences in chemical compounds among the three Paeonia species strongly encouraged further comparison of the bioactivities of these three species. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Characterization of phenolic compounds in the Chinese herbal drug Tu-Si-Zi by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 11 2005Min Ye Phenolic compounds are the major bioactive constituents of the Chinese herbal drug Tu-Si-Zi, which is prepared from the seeds of Cuscuta chinensis. However, seeds of C. australis also are offered under the name of this drug in the herb market. In order to make a comparison of their chemical constituents, the phenolic compounds of these two Cuscuta species were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography/diode-array detection/electrospray ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/DAD/ESI-MSn). A total of 50 compounds were observed in the methanol extracts, including 23 flavonoids, 20 lignans and 7 quinic acid derivatives. These compounds were separated on a C18 column and identified or tentatively characterized based on UV spectra and MS fragmentation behavior. In contrast to previous reports, the phenolic patterns of these two Cuscuta species were found to be very different. Kaempferol and astragalin were the predominant constituents of C. australis, while hyperoside was the major compound in C. chinensis. Most of the identified compounds, especially the acylated flavonoid glycosides, have not previously been reported from Cuscuta species. In addition, a 30,Da neutral loss observed for flavonols was investigated and could be used to differentiate flavonoid isomers such as kaempferol and luteolin. The ESI-MS fragmentation behavior of furofuran lignans was also investigated, and a characteristic pathway is proposed. The large differences observed between the phenolic constituents of C. chinensis and C. australis strongly encouraged further comparison of the bioactivities of these two species. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Software algorithm for automatic interpretation of mass spectra of glycerolipidsRAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 19 2002J.-P. Kurvinen A new software algorithm for automatic interpretation of mass spectra of glycerolipids has been developed. The algorithm utilizes a user-specified list of parameters needed to process the spectra. The compounds in mass spectra are identified according to range of measured m/z values, after which the spectra are automatically corrected by the content of naturally occurring isotopes and ion intensities of identified compounds by response correction factors. Automatic processing of the spectra was shown to be accurate and reliable by testing with numerous spectra of glycerophospholipids obtained by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and by comparing the results with manual interpretation of the spectra. If quantitative analysis using internal standards is performed, all the identified compounds in the sample are quantified automatically. A dilution factor may be defined for each sample and is applied to correct the alterations in sample concentration during sample preparation. Processing of several replicate spectra simultaneously produces mean results with standard deviations. The software may also be used to subtract the results of two analyses and to calculate the mean result of replicate subtractions. The algorithm was shown to save time and labor in repetitive processing of mass spectra of similar type. It may be applied to processing of spectra obtained by various mass spectrometric methods. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Studies of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) ovipositional responses to newly identified semiochemicals from conspecific eggsAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 1 2006Kumaran Ganesan Abstract, The chemical factors influencing the selection of oviposition site by gravid females of various mosquito species have been the subject of numerous investigations. Recent studies have revealed this behaviour to be controlled by semiochemicals. Here we report studies on semiochemicals of egg origin and their effect on the ovipositional behaviour of Aedes aegypti. The compounds present in egg extracts of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were isolated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. They were then evaluated for their effect on ovipositional behaviour against gravid females of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes at different concentrations. Gravid female Ae. aegypti were found to be sensitive to all the identified compounds: 6-hexanolactone, methyl dodecanoate, dodecanoic acid, methyl tetradecanoate, tetradecanoic acid, methyl (Z)-9-hexadecenoate, methyl hexadecanoate (Z)-9-hexadecenoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, methyl (Z)-9-octadecenoate, methyl octadecanoate (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid and octadecanoic acid. Among them, dodecanoic and (Z)-9-hexadecenoic acids showed significant positive ovipositional response at different concentrations whereas all the esters showed deterrent/repellent ovipositional effect. [source] Floral scent of bat-pollinated species: West Africa vs. the New WorldBIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 2 2004STEFAN PETTERSSON Floral scent of seven West African bat-pollinated tree species, belonging to six families, was collected in situ from flowering individuals using headspace adsorption. The seven species shared neither any specific compounds nor any other discernible pattern in their floral scent composition. Most of the identified compounds are common in the floral scent of species pollinated by a variety of animals. Adansonia digitata (Bombacaceae) was the only African species found to have a substantial proportion of sulphur compounds in its floral scent. This feature contrasts with the sampled New World bat-pollinated plants, which frequently contain these compounds. The floral scent of Ceiba pentandra (Bombacaceae), native to both South America and Africa, contained no sulphur substances, contradicting a previous study in the New World that identified the major floral compounds as dimethyl disulphide and dimethyl trisulphide. We suggest that the differences in the floral scent of C. pentandra, including the absence of sulphur compounds in the African variety, result from the different selective regimes exerted by the Pteropotidae bats, in Africa, and Phyllostomidae bats, in the New World, that visit their flowers. © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2004, 82, 161,168. [source] Analysis of exhaled breath from smokers, passive smokers and non-smokers by solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometryBIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY, Issue 5 2009Bogus, aw Buszewski Abstract In this study, 38 samples of expired air were collected and analyzed from 20 non-smoking volunteers, four passive smokers and 14 smokers (21 women and 17 men). Measurements were carried out using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) as an isolation and preconcentration technique. The determination and identification were accomplished by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Our data showed that ca 32% of all identified compounds in the breath of healthy non-smokers were saturated hydrocarbons. In the breath of smoking and passive smoking volunteers hydrocarbons were predominant, but also present were more exogenous analytes such as furan, acetonitrile and benzene than in the breath of non-smokers. Acetonitrile, furan, 3-methylfuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran, 2-butanone, octane and decane were identified in breath of smoking and passive smoking persons. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Screening of Volatile Composition of Lavandula hybridaReverchon II Honey Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Ultrasonic Solvent ExtractionCHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY, Issue 3 2009Igor Jerkovi Abstract The volatiles of unifloral Lavandula hybridaReverchon II honey were isolated by means of headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE) and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC, GC/MS). A total of 23 compounds were identified in the headspace with hexan-1-ol, hexanal, acetic acid, hotrienol, and 2-phenylacetaldehyde as the principal components. Three solvents of different polarity were used for USE, and a total of 53 compounds were identified. The extracts with pentane/Et2O 1,:,2 (v/v) were the most representative for USE method containing the majority of the honey floral origin compounds and potential biomarkers (hexanol, acetic acid, butane-1,3-diol, butane-2,3-diol, benzoic acid, coumarin, and 2-phenylacetic acid). The total number of identified compounds (USE and HS-SPME) was 59. In general, the comparison with volatiles of other lavandin honeys of different geographic origins indicated several similarities, while acetic and formic acids were identified with high percentages in L. hybridaReverchon II honey. [source] | |||||||||||||