Home  About us  Contact
 

Ice Slurries (ice + slurry)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Chemistry37%

Selected Abstracts

Cold storage with ice slurries

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Issue 3 2008
P. W. Egolf
Abstract The storage of ,cold' with ice slurries,a special type of thermally multi-functional fluids or phase change slurries (PCS),is discussed. At first an example of a calculation of a thermal energy storage tank in an ice slurry system with a peak load demand is presented. Then a new concept of ice slurry storage without mixing is introduced. It leads to ice particle stratification and front propagation in the storage vessel. The stratification of ice particles in ice slurry is theoretically described by multi-component multi-phase fluid dynamics. The resulting stratification process is calculated and front propagation times are compared with experimental results; they compare fairly well. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Experimental and thermal analysis of washing the packed ice bed in wash columns

AICHE JOURNAL, Issue 11 2009
Frank G. F. Qin
Abstract In the process of freeze concentration (FC), the main problems in operating the counter-current wash column used for separating ice from ice slurries are channeling and viscous fingering. These phenomena lead to the mixing of pure water and mother liquid, as well as entrainment of mother liquid within the removed ice. Experimental and thermal analysis of the wash front interface in this research relates ice melting and wash front breakthrough with the operating conditions (such as the wash water temperature, ice bed temperature and porosity). Criteria for wash front stability are proposed. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009 [source]

Cage colour and post-harvest K+ concentration affect skin colour of Australian snapper Pagrus auratus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 9 2008
Ben J Doolan
Abstract In an attempt to improve post-harvest skin colour in cultured Australian snapper Pagrus auratus, a two-factor experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of a short-term change in cage colour before harvest, followed by immersion in K+ -enriched solutions of different concentrations. Snapper supplemented with 39 mg unesterified astaxanthin kg,1 for 50 days were transferred to black (for 1 day) or white cages (for 1 or 7 days) before euthanasia by immersing fish in seawater ice slurries supplemented with 0, 150, 300, 450 or 600 mmol L,1 K+ for 1 h. Each treatment was replicated with five snapper (mean weight=838 g) held individually within 0.2 m3 cages. L*, a* and b* skin colour values of all fish were measured after removal from K+ solutions at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. After immersion in K+ solutions, fish were stored on ice. Both cage colour and K+ concentration significantly affected post-harvest skin colour (P<0.05), and there was no interaction between these factors at any of the measurement times (P>0.05). Conditioning dark-coloured snapper in white surroundings for 1 day was sufficient to significantly improve skin lightness (L*) after death. Although there was no difference between skin lightness values for fish held for either 1 or 7 days in white cages at measurement times up to 12 h, fish held in white cages for 7 days had significantly higher L* values (i.e. they were lighter) after 24 and 48 h of storage on ice than those held only in white cages for 1 day. K+ treatment also affected (improved) skin lightness post harvest although not until 24 and 48 h after removal of fish from solutions. Before this time, K+ treatment had no effect on skin lightness. Snapper killed by seawater ice slurry darkened (lower L*) markedly during the first 3 h of storage in contrast with all K+ treatments that prevented darkening. After 24 and 48 h of storage on ice, fish exposed to 450 and 600 mmol L,1 K+ were significantly lighter than fish from seawater ice slurries. In addition, skin redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) were strongly dependent on K+ concentration. The initial decline in response to K+ was overcome by a return of a* and b* values with time, most likely instigated by a redispersal of erythrosomes in skin erythrophores. Fish killed with 0 mmol L,1 K+ maintained the highest a* and b* values after death, but were associated with darker (lower L*) skin colouration. It is concluded that a combination of conditioning snapper in white surroundings for 1 day before harvest, followed by immersion in seawater ice slurries supplemented with 300,450 mmol L,1 K+ improves skin pigmentation after >24 h of storage on ice. [source]

The shaft torque change in a laboratory scraped surface heat exchanger used for making ice slurries

ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 6 2007
Frank G. F. Qin
Abstract In this paper, extensive laboratory test results of a scraped surface heat exchanger for making ice slurries are reported. The data have been analysed and interpreted. Some sensible conclusions have been obtained that should provide an excellent platform for developing further fundamental understanding of the phenomena and establishing a practical guide for design. Copyright © 2007 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Cold storage with ice slurries

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Issue 3 2008
P. W. Egolf
Abstract The storage of ,cold' with ice slurries,a special type of thermally multi-functional fluids or phase change slurries (PCS),is discussed. At first an example of a calculation of a thermal energy storage tank in an ice slurry system with a peak load demand is presented. Then a new concept of ice slurry storage without mixing is introduced. It leads to ice particle stratification and front propagation in the storage vessel. The stratification of ice particles in ice slurry is theoretically described by multi-component multi-phase fluid dynamics. The resulting stratification process is calculated and front propagation times are compared with experimental results; they compare fairly well. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Cage colour and post-harvest K+ concentration affect skin colour of Australian snapper Pagrus auratus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 9 2008
Ben J Doolan
Abstract In an attempt to improve post-harvest skin colour in cultured Australian snapper Pagrus auratus, a two-factor experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of a short-term change in cage colour before harvest, followed by immersion in K+ -enriched solutions of different concentrations. Snapper supplemented with 39 mg unesterified astaxanthin kg,1 for 50 days were transferred to black (for 1 day) or white cages (for 1 or 7 days) before euthanasia by immersing fish in seawater ice slurries supplemented with 0, 150, 300, 450 or 600 mmol L,1 K+ for 1 h. Each treatment was replicated with five snapper (mean weight=838 g) held individually within 0.2 m3 cages. L*, a* and b* skin colour values of all fish were measured after removal from K+ solutions at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. After immersion in K+ solutions, fish were stored on ice. Both cage colour and K+ concentration significantly affected post-harvest skin colour (P<0.05), and there was no interaction between these factors at any of the measurement times (P>0.05). Conditioning dark-coloured snapper in white surroundings for 1 day was sufficient to significantly improve skin lightness (L*) after death. Although there was no difference between skin lightness values for fish held for either 1 or 7 days in white cages at measurement times up to 12 h, fish held in white cages for 7 days had significantly higher L* values (i.e. they were lighter) after 24 and 48 h of storage on ice than those held only in white cages for 1 day. K+ treatment also affected (improved) skin lightness post harvest although not until 24 and 48 h after removal of fish from solutions. Before this time, K+ treatment had no effect on skin lightness. Snapper killed by seawater ice slurry darkened (lower L*) markedly during the first 3 h of storage in contrast with all K+ treatments that prevented darkening. After 24 and 48 h of storage on ice, fish exposed to 450 and 600 mmol L,1 K+ were significantly lighter than fish from seawater ice slurries. In addition, skin redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) were strongly dependent on K+ concentration. The initial decline in response to K+ was overcome by a return of a* and b* values with time, most likely instigated by a redispersal of erythrosomes in skin erythrophores. Fish killed with 0 mmol L,1 K+ maintained the highest a* and b* values after death, but were associated with darker (lower L*) skin colouration. It is concluded that a combination of conditioning snapper in white surroundings for 1 day before harvest, followed by immersion in seawater ice slurries supplemented with 300,450 mmol L,1 K+ improves skin pigmentation after >24 h of storage on ice. [source]