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Ionic Liquids (ionic + liquid)
Kinds of Ionic Liquids Terms modified by Ionic Liquids Selected AbstractsDevelopment of a Glucose Biosensor Using Advanced Electrode Modified by Nanohybrid Composing Chemically Modified Graphene and Ionic LiquidELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 11 2010Ho Yang Abstract Nanohybrids of chemically modified graphene (CMG) and ionic liquid (IL) were prepared by sonication to modify the electrode. The modified CMG-IL electrodes showed a higher current and smaller peak-to-peak potential separation than a bare electrode due to the promoted electron transfer rate. Furthermore, the glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilized on the modified electrode displayed direct electron transfer rate and symmetrical redox potentials with a linear relationship at different scan rates. The fabricated GOx/CMG-IL electrodes were developed selective glucose biosensor with respect to a sensitivity of 0.64,,A mM,1, detection limit of 0.376,mM, and response time of <5,s. [source] Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Ionic Liquid and Application for the Detection of Dissolved OxygenELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 6 2010Tsung-Hsuan Tsai Abstract The electrochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles (nano-Ag) has been successfully carried out on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and indium tin oxide electrode (ITO) using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMT) as green electrolytes. Further the electrodeposited nano-Ag modified ITO electrode has been examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction studies (XRD). The electrodeposited Ag nanoparticles on ITO were found in the size range of 5 to 35,nm. The nano-Ag film modified GCE was further coated with nafion (Nf) and BMT (1,:,1 ratio) mixture and found to be stable in BMT and in pH,7 phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The nano-Ag/BMT-Nf film modified GCE successfully applied for the oxygen reduction reaction in neutral pH (pH,7.0 PBS). The proposed film modified GCE successfully reduces the over potential and show well defined reduction peaks for the detection of dissolved oxygen using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating disc voltammetry (RDE). The film also applied for the detection of dissolved oxygen using electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies (EIS). [source] Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Sensor Based on Tris(2,2,-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)-Immobilized Natural Clay and Ionic LiquidELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 2 2010Ping Jiang Abstract A novel electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) sensor based on natural clay and ionic liquid was fabricated. Tris(2,2,-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+) was immobilized on natural clay surface through simple adsorption. An ECL sensor was prepared by mixing Ru(bpy)32+ -incorporated clay, graphite powder and an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) as the binder. The electrochemical behavior and ECL of the immobilized Ru(bpy)32+ was investigated. It was observed that the ECL of immobilized Ru(bpy)32+ was activated by the ionic liquid. The proposed ECL sensor showed high sensitivity to tri- n -propylamine (TPrA) and the detection limit was found to be 20,pM. In addition, the ECL sensor displayed good stability for TPrA detection and long-term storage stability. [source] Direct Electrochemistry and Electrocatalysis of Hemoglobin in Lipid Film Incorporated with Room-Temperature Ionic LiquidELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 20 2008Gaiping Li Abstract A facile phospholipid/room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) composite material based on dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim]PF6) was exploited as a new matrix for immobilizing protein. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were adopted to characterize this composite film. Hemoglobin (Hb) was chosen as a model protein to investigate the composite system. UV-vis absorbance spectra showed that Hb still maintained its heme crevice integrity in this composite film. By virtue of the Hb/DMPC/[bmim]PF6 composite film-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE), a pair of well-defined redox peaks of Hb was obtained through the direct electron transfer between protein and underlying GCE. Moreover, the reduction of O2 and H2O2 at the Hb/DMPC/[bmim]PF6 composite film-modified GCE was dramatically enhanced. [source] Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of ,Sandwich-Type' Electrode Based on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Room Temperature Ionic LiquidELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 17 2008Xuzhi Zhang Abstract The much-enhanced electrochemical responses of potassium ferricyanide and methylene blue (MB) were firstly explored at the glassy carbon electrode modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT/GCE), indicating the distinct electrochemical activity of SWNTs towards electroactive molecules. A hydrophobic room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6), was used as electrode modification material, which presented wide electrochemical windows, proton permeation and selective extraction ability. In consideration with the advantages of SWNTs and RTIL in detecting target molecules (TMs), a novel strategy of ,sandwich,type' electrode was established with TMs confined by RTIL between the SWNT/GCE and the RTIL membrane. The strategy was used for electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid (AA) and dopamine (DA), and detection limits of 400 and 80 fmol could be obtained, respectively. The selective detection of DA in the presence of high amount of AA could also be realized. This protocol presented many attractive advantages towards voltammetric detection of TMs, such as low sample demand, low cost, high sensitivity, and good stability. [source] Paste Electrode Based on Short Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Room Temperature Ionic Liquid: Preparation, Characterization and Application in DNA DetectionELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 12 2008Xuzhi Zhang Abstract A paste electrode (SWNT&RTIL PE) has been prepared using carboxylic group-functionalized short single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) mixed with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6, one kind of room temperature ionic liquid, RTIL). Its electrochemical behavior was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in comparison with the paste electrode using mineral oil as a binder. Results highlighted the advantages of the paste electrode: not only higher conductivity, but also lower potential separation (,Ep), higher peak current (ip) and better reversibility towards dopamine (DA), methylene blue (MB) and K3[Fe(CN)6]. The SWNT&RTIL PE could be used to detect the number of guanine bases and adenine bases contents in per mol oligonucleotides according to the current response in the range of 0.05,2.0,nM. Based on the current response of guanine bases, oligonucleotides could be detected sensitively in the B,R buffer solution with a detection limit of 9.9,pM. The heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (ks) of guanine bases contents in the oligonucleotides was investigated and its value was 0.90,s,1. In essence the SWNT&RTIL PE showed high sensitivity, reliability, stability and reproducibility for the detection of DNA. [source] Dramatic Effects of Ionic Liquid on Platinum Electrode Surface and Electron-Transfer Rates of meso -TetraphenylporphyrinsELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 12 2006Afsaneh Safavi Abstract The effect of addition of a room temperature ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmim][PF6], on the electrochemical behavior of different free-base para-substituted meso -tetraphenylporphyrins in dichloromethane solution has been studied using cyclic voltammetric technique. It has been found that the ionic liquid has the ability to regenerate platinum electrode surface and improves the reversibility of electrode processes. This has been true for the case of all the porphyrins studied. [source] Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis of CuO Nanorods in a Neat Room-Temperature Ionic LiquidEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 19 2009Tarek Alammar Abstract CuO nanorods were prepared via ultrasound-assisted synthesis in the room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [C4mim][Tf2N] as a reaction medium. The structure and morphology of CuO nanorods were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrational and UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy. The synthesized CuO nanocrystals are of rod like shape with lengths from 30 to 100 nm and diameters of about 10 nm. Quantum size effects were observed as the bandgap of the CuO nanorods was determined to 2.41 eV from UV/Vis absorption measurements, which is significantly larger than the bulk value. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source] Synthesis of the Clathrate-II K8.6(4)Ge136 by Oxidation of K4Ge9 in an Ionic LiquidEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 17 2009Arnold M. Guloy Abstract The new clathrate-II K8.6(4)Ge136 has been synthesized by mild oxidation of K4Ge9 in the ionic liquid n -dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC)/AlCl3 at 300 °C and subsequent annealing at 370 °C. Refinement of the crystal structure from X-ray powder diffraction data revealed the composition K8.6(4)Ge136 [space group Fdm, a = 15.302(1) Å], which was also confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDXS), transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy on the bulk material. K atoms preferably occupy the larger Ge28 cages rather than the Ge20 cages in the clathrate-II structure. K8.6(4)Ge136 is metastable and was found to decompose exothermically at 471 °C. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source] Metal-Free Air Oxidation of Thiols in Recyclable Ionic Liquid: A Simple and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of DisulfidesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 14 2010Devender Singh Abstract An efficient procedure for the oxidative coupling of alkyl, aryl and heteroaryl thiols with atmospheric oxygen is reported. The methodology utilizes BMIM-BF4 as a recyclable solvent and does not require support materials or metal salts. Symmetric disulfides are obtained in excellent yields. [source] Bismuth Triflate Catalyzed Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction in an Ionic LiquidEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 23 2005Thierry Ollevier Abstract We have developed an efficient, bismuth triflate catalyzed Mukaiyama aldol reaction. The reaction proceeds rapidly and affords the corresponding ,-hydroxy carbonyl compound in moderate to very good yields (up to 92,%). (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005) [source] 1D and 3D Ionic Liquid,Aluminum Hydroxide Hybrids Prepared via an Ionothermal Process,ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 14 2007S. Park Abstract Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are used as hierarchically multifunctional components by employing them not only as templates and co-solvents for fabricating nanostructured materials but also proton conductors for electrochemical devices. RTIL/aluminum hydroxide (RTIL,Al) hybrids containing various nanometer-sized shapes, including 1D nanorods with hexagonal tips, straight and curved nanofibers, nanofibers embedded in a porous network, and 3D octahedral-, polyhedral-, and angular spherical shapes are synthesized via a one-pot ionothermal process. The structures or shapes of the RTIL,Al hybrids are related to the anionic moieties, alkyl chain length of the RTILs, and the humidity during fabrication. In particular, the introduction of water molecules into the interface led to 3D isotropic growth of the hybrids by influencing intermolecular interactions between the RTILs and the building blocks. The shapes of the nanohybrids fabricated from RTILs containing short alkyl chains were dependent on the types of anions and on the level of humidity. These results indicate that the cooperative interactions between RTILs and aluminum hydroxides induces emerging shape-controlled hybrids. The shape-controlled nanohybrids show enhanced electrochemical properties compared to those of a conventional hybrid prepared by mixing RTILs and aluminum hydroxides, exhibiting tenfold or higher proton conductivity under anhydrous condition and thermal stability as a result of the continuous proton conduction channel and the one-pot-assembled nanoconfinement. This method is expected to be a useful technique for controlling the diverse shapes of nanometer-sized crystalline inorganic materials for a variety of applications, such as fuel cells, solar cells, rechargeable batteries, and biosensors. [source] Solar-thermochromism of Pseudocrystalline Nanodroplets of Ionic Liquid,NiII Complexes Immobilized inside Translucent Microporous PVDF FilmsADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 7 2009Xianjun Wei Translucent composite films of poly(vinylidene fluoride), ionic liquid, and nickel complexes are successfully fabricated using thermal modulation of dissolution, casting, and drying. These films exhibit high stability in ambient storage and reversible thermochromic responses in air at temperatures achievable under sunlight, promising intelligent windows for controlling solar heat entering the built environment. [source] A Room Temperature Ionic Liquid (RTIL)-Mediated, Non-Hydrolytic Sol,Gel Methodology to Prepare Molecularly Imprinted, Silica-Based Hybrid Monoliths for Chiral Separation,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 24 2006H.-F. Wang Silica-based hybrid molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) monoliths with good chiral recognition ability are synthesized (see figure) using a novel method, a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL)-mediated, non-hydrolytic sol,gel technique. The approach avoids the cracking and shrinking of the bed during drying, which is commonly associated with conventional sol,gel processing, overcomes the shortcomings associated with conventional organic-polymer-based MIP matrices, and offers improved selectivity. [source] Enantioselective Carbonyl-Ene Reactions of Trifluoropyruvate in Ionic Liquid via a Recyclable Indium(III)-Pybox ComplexADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 11-12 2010Jun Feng Zhao Abstract A highly enantioselective carbonyl-ene reaction of trifluoropyruvate catalyzed by a recyclable indium(III)-pybox complex in ionic liquid afforded trifluoromethyl-containing tertiary homoallylic alcohols with excellent yields (up to 98%) and enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee). Notably, this catalytic system can be recycled up to seven cycles. [source] Ferrocene Redox Controlled Reversible Immobilization of Ruthenium Carbene in Ionic Liquid: A Versatile Catalyst for Ring-Closing MetathesisADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 10 2009Guiyan Liu Abstract A ferrocene-tagged ruthenium carbene 15 that can be reversibly immobilized in an ionic liquid (IL) via the controlled oxidation and reduction of a ferrocene tag was prepared. This offers a new strategy which uses redox chemistry to control immobilization and to recycle both the catalyst and the IL. In this experiment, 11 recycles were performed for the ring-closing metathesis (RCM) of a substrate using 16 as the catalyst in an ionic liquid (IL). More importantly, after the reaction was completed, the ruthenium catalyst was easily separated from the supporting IL by just adding decamethylferrocene (DMFc) to reduce the cationic ferrocene and then extracting it with benzene. Thus, this recycle system offers an easy way to recycle both the ruthenium catalyst and the IL. [source] Ionic Liquid (IL) as an Effective Medium for the Highly Efficient Hydroacylation Reaction of Aldehydes with AzodicarboxylatesADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 6 2009Bukuo Ni Abstract The highly efficient hydroacylation reaction of aldehydes with azodicarboxylates has been carried out in the ionic liquid,1- n -butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, [BMIM] [NTf2]. The products were readily separated by extraction from the reaction medium and the ionic liquid could be recycled up to 8 times and the yields of the reactions were not affected. Compared to conventional solvents, high yields were achieved with aliphatic saturated aldehydes, and the reaction can be conducted under normal to mild conditions without the use of a catalyst. [source] Application of 1-Allyl-3-(1-butyl)imidazolium Chloride in the Synthesis of Cellulose Esters: Properties of the Ionic Liquid, and Comparison with Other SolventsMACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE, Issue 8 2009Ludmila C. Fidale Abstract The ionic liquid (IL), 1-allyl-3-(1-butyl)imidazolium chloride (AlBuImCl), has been synthesized and its properties determined. Increase in the temperature increased its conductivity and decreased its density, polarity, and viscosity. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), dissolves in this IL by heating at 80,°C; this did not affect its degree of polymerization, decreased its index of crystallinity (Ic), and changed in morphology after regeneration. Convenient acylation of MCC was achieved by using 50% excess anhydride at 80,°C, for 24 or 48 h for acetic and butyric anhydride, respectively. The composition of the mixed esters depended on the initial ratio of the anhydrides, and their order of addition. [source] Novel Gelling Systems of , -, , - and , -Carrageenans and their Composite Gels with Cellulose Using Ionic LiquidMACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE, Issue 4 2009Kamalesh Prasad Abstract Gels of three types of carrageenans (, -, , - and , -), as well as their composite gels with cellulose, were prepared using an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl), by a heating-cooling process. , -Carrageenan gave the formation of hard gel while the other two carrageenans gave the formation of softer gels with BMIMCl. The gels were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (TGA and DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and compressive testing. The results indicated that, among the three types of carrageenans, , - and , -carrageenans gave better miscible gels with BMIMCl, followed by , -carrageenan. On the other hand, , -carrageenan gave a better miscible composite gel with cellulose and BMIMCl, followed by , - and , -carrageenans. The stress-strain curves indicated that the mechanical properties of the above gel systems on the compressive mode were much better than those of the hydrogels of , - and , -carrageenans as well as the cellulose gel with BMIMCl. [source] Comparison of the Effects of an Ionic Liquid and Other Salts on the Properties of Electrospun Fibers, 2 , Poly(vinyl alcohol)MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS & ENGINEERING, Issue 1 2009Ganesh Kumar Arumugam Abstract Understanding the effect of conductivity in electrospinning solutions is crucial in order to improve or control the electrospinning process. In this paper the effect of adding small amounts (0.039,0.259 mol,·,kg,1) of three different conductive additives to aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol has been investigated. The salts were HMICl (a room temperature ionic liquid), TEBAC (a quaternary ammonium salt) and KCl. Addition of these salts caused a steady increase in the solution conductivity but the fiber diameter was typically greater than that of PVA alone, and exhibited an oscillatory trend. The oscillatory trend on the fiber diameter is attributed to fiber backbuilding and fusion that occurs prior to deposition on the collector. [source] Efficient Homogeneous Chemical Modification of Bacterial Cellulose in the Ionic Liquid 1- N -Butyl-3-methylimidazolium ChlorideMACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 19 2006Kerstin Schlufter Abstract Summary: Bacterial cellulose (BC), a unique type of cellulose, with high degree of polymerization of 6,500 could be dissolved easily in the ionic liquid 1- N -butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. For the first time, well-soluble BC acetates and carbanilates of high degree of substitution (up to a complete modification of all hydroxyl groups) were accessible under homogeneous and mild reaction conditions. Characterization of the new BC derivatives by NMR and FTIR spectroscopy shows an unexpected distribution of the acetyl moieties in the order O-6,>,O-3,>,O-2. 13C NMR spectrum (DMSO- d6) of a cellulose acetate with a DS of 2.25 synthesized in 1- N -butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. [source] Effects of Ionic Liquid [Me3NC2H4OH]+[ZnCl3], on , -Radiation Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate in Ethanol and N,N -DimethylformamideMACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 1 2005Guozhong Wu Abstract Summary: Radiation-induced polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in ethanol (EtOH) and N,N -dimethylformamide (DMF) in the presence of ionic liquid [Me3NC2H4OH]+[ZnCl3], is reported. A substantial increase in monomer conversion and molecular weight is observed at room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) >60 vol.-%, and the resulting PMMA has a broad multimodal MWD. A clear difference in the MWD pattern is noted between EtOH/RTIL and DMF/RTIL systems, probably due to the complicated interactions between the solvent and ionic liquid. Gel permeation chromatography traces of poly(methyl methacrylate) obtained by radiation polymerization in EtOH/RTIL and DMF/RTIL mixed solvent. Organic/RTIL (v/v): 1) 100:0; 2) 80:20; 3) 60:40; 4); 40:60; 5) 0:100. [source] Towards an Efficient Microsystem for the Real-Time Detection and Quantification of Mercury in Water Based on a Specifically Designed Fluorogenic Binary Task-Specific Ionic Liquid,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 2 2010Faïdjiba Loe-Mie Schneller Quecksilbernachweis: Ein Mikrosystem für die Flüssig-flüssig-Extraktion und den Nachweis von Quecksilberionen in Wasser nutzt eine ionische Flüssigkeit mit maßgeschneidertem fluorogenem Salz (L1) als extrahierende Flüssigphase. Das An- und Ausschaltverhalten senkt die Wahrscheinlichkeit falsch positiver Resultate und ermöglicht den Nachweis von 50,ppb Hg2+ in wässriger Lösung. [source] Decomposition of Formic Acid Catalyzed by a Phosphine-Free Ruthenium Complex in a Task-Specific Ionic LiquidCHEMCATCHEM, Issue 10 2010Jackson D. Scholten Abstract The dehydrogenation of formic acid is effectively catalyzed by the Ru complex [{RuCl2(p -cymene)}2] dissolved in the ionic liquid (IL) 1-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride at 80,°C without additional bases. This catalytic system gives TOF values of up to 1540,h,1. Preliminary kinetic insights show formal reaction orders of 0.70(±0.15), 0.78(±0.03) and 2.00(±0.17) for the Ru catalyst, IL,1, and formic acid, respectively. The apparent activation energy of this process is estimated to be (69.1±7.6),kJ,mol,1. In addition, dimeric Ru hydride ionic species involved in the reaction, such as [{Ru(p -cymene)}2{(H),-(H)-,-(HCO2)}]+ and [{Ru(p -cymene)}2{(H),-(Cl),-(HCO2)}]+, are identified by mass spectrometry. The presence of water in large amounts inhibits higher conversions. Finally, a remarkable catalytic activity is observed during recycles, indicating this system's potential for hydrogen gas production. [source] ChemInform Abstract: A Green Approach for Efficient Synthesis of N-Substituted Pyrroles in Ionic Liquid under Microwave Irradiation.CHEMINFORM, Issue 43 2010H. M. Meshram No abstract is available for this article. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Broensted Acidic Ionic Liquid as an Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Synthesis of 14-Aryl- or 14-Alkyl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes under Solvent-Free Conditions.CHEMINFORM, Issue 29 2010Abdol R. Hajipour Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Sulfonic Acid Functionalized Ionic Liquid in Combinatorial Approach, a Recyclable and Water Tolerant-Acidic Catalyst for One-Pot Friedlaender Quinoline Synthesis.CHEMINFORM, Issue 25 2010Jafar Akbari Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Bromodimethylsulfonium Bromide (BDMS) in Ionic Liquid: A Mild and Efficient Catalyst for Beckmann Rearrangement.CHEMINFORM, Issue 17 2010Lal Dhar S. Yadav Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Green Method for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Isoquinoline Derivatives in Ionic Liquid.CHEMINFORM, Issue 15 2010Xiang-Shan Wang Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: tert-Alcohol-Functionalized Imidazolium Ionic Liquid: Catalyst for Mild Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions at Room Temperature.CHEMINFORM, Issue 10 2010Sandip S. Shinde Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||