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Ileocecal Valve (ileocecal + valve)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

New Insights into the Neuromuscular Anatomy of the Ileocecal Valve

THE ANATOMICAL RECORD : ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, Issue 2 2009
Tamas Cserni
Abstract The neuroanatomy of the ileocecal valve (ICV) is poorly understood. A better understanding of this important functional component of the gastrointestinal tract would enable surgeons to reconstruct an effective valve following surgical resection of the ICV. ICVs were examined in young pigs (N = 5) using frontal and transverse paraffin embedded and frozen sections. Hematoxylin+Eosin (H+E) staining, acetylcholinesterase (AchE), and NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and C-kit immunohistochemistry were performed. The H+E staining revealed that the ICV consists of three muscle layers: an external circular muscle layer continuous with that of the ileal circular muscle layer, an inner circular muscle layer continuous with that of the cecal circular muscle layer, and a single longitudinal muscle layer, which appears to be secondary to a fusion of the ileal and cecal longitudinal muscle layers. The AchE, NADPH-d, and PGP 9.5 staining revealed two distinct coaxial myenteric plexuses, together with superficial and deep submucosal plexuses. The C-kit immunostaining showed a continuous myenteric ICC network within the ICV. The structure of the neuromuscular components within the ICV suggests that the valve is a result of a simple intussusception of the terminal ileum into the cecum. This knowledge may help surgeons in their future attempts at reconstructing more anatomically and functionally suitable ICVs following surgical resection of native ICVs. Anat Rec 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Nodule-aggregating lesion of the ileum: Report of a case and a review of the literature

DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY, Issue 3 2001
Norikazu Sakamoto
We describe here a rare case of nodule-aggregating lesion of the terminal ileum detected by colonoscopy. An 82-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to our hospital with diarrhea. Colonoscopy revealed a flat elevated tumor with conglomerated nodular surface involving the entire circumference of the terminal ileum, suggesting a nodule-aggregating lesion. Magnifying the colonoscopic view showed the branch-like or gyrus-like pits. On biopsy, the tumor was diagnosed as a tubulovillous adenoma. Retrograde ileogram using a colonoscope revealed an elevated tumor with nodular irregularity, measuring 5 cm in length. Ileocecal resection was performed. Macroscopically, the tumor in the terminal ileum, 8 cm distant from the ileocecal valve, showed a nodule-aggregating lesion, measuring 44 × 60 × 6 mm in size. Histologically, the tumor showed a focal carcinoma in tubulovillous adenoma. To our knowledge, this is the fifth case of early cancer of the ileum in Japan, and the first case of nodule-aggregating lesion of the ileum detected by colonoscopy in the world. [source]

Trichotillomania ± trichobezoar: revisited

JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 8 2006
VN Sehgal
Abstract Trichotillomania is an intriguing psychosomatic entity in which there is an irresistible desire to pull out the hair from the scalp, eyelashes, eyebrows and other parts of the body. The process results in an instant release of tension, a sense of relief and security. However, non-scaring alopecia is its clinical presentation. The development of trichobezoar following ingestion of the pulled hair is its salient complication in a few cases. Subsequently, it may cause symptoms pertaining to the gastrointestinal tract culminating in intestinal obstruction, perforation, pancreatitis and obstructive jaundice. The Rapunzel syndrome (trichobezoar) may occur when gastrointestinal obstruction is produced by a rare manifestation of a trichobezoar with a long tail that extends to or beyond the ileocecal valve. In most cases in children, trichotillomania ± trichobezoar is a habit disorder and thus has a better prognosis. However, in adults the psychopathology is usually deeper and thus entails a poor prognosis. The diagnosis is made after taking a thorough history, noting the clinical features and evaluating a hair-root examination, where telogen hair is (almost) completely lacking, which distinguish trichotillomania from other hair disorders. Treatment modalities vary in childhood and adult varieties. Apart from psychotherapy, the drug treatment involves several agents including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and domipramine. Trichobezoar/Rapunzel syndrome requires surgical intervention. [source]