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Hydatid Cyst (hydatid + cyst)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	93%

Selected Abstracts

Staphylococcus aureus Infective Endocarditis Mimicking a Hydatid Cyst

ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 8 2010
Jeroen Walpot M.D.
We report an atypical echocardiographic presentation of Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis (IE) of the mitral valve in an octogenarian female. Echocardiography revealed perforation of the anterior mitral valve leaflet (AMVL), with a large cystic mass seemingly attached to the AMVL and surrounded by a thin membranous structure. These images were strongly reminiscent of a hydatid cyst. The significant comorbidity of the patient did not justify an urgent surgical approach, and the patient subsequently expired of cardiogenic and septic shock. Autopsy revealed a large vegetation attached to the interatrial septum in the immediate proximity of the AMVL, without signs of the membranous structure and without pathological evidence for septic embolism. This atypical presentation of IE prompted us to discuss a brief review of intracardiac cystic masses. (Echocardiography 2010;27:E80-E82) [source]

Combined Medical and Surgical Treatment of Intracardiac Hydatid Cysts in 11 Patients

JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY, Issue 2 2010
Alireza Molavipour M.D.
We report 11 cases of cardiac hydatidosis who were treated medically and surgically. Patients and methods: Eleven patients diagnosed with cardiac echinococcosis were referred to the Cardiac Surgery Department of Shahid Madani Hospital from 1992 to 2004. Symptoms included dyspnea, palpitation, limb ischemia, fever, weight loss, hemiplegia, and loss of consciousness. Patients underwent surgical removal of the cyst followed by medical treatment until the titer of echinococcus hemaglutination test came to normal. Results: Hospital stay and recovery time were uneventful in nine patients. One patient died due to acute renal failure before hospital discharge (9%) and another patient experienced cerebral hydatidosis 12 months after surgery (probably due to cyst embolism). The other nine patients had no complications during five years of follow-up. Conclusion: Surgical excision using cardiopulmonary bypass combined with medical therapy provides the most optimal treatment for cardiac echinococcosis.,(J Card Surg 2010;25:143-146) [source]

Eleven-Year Experience in Diagnosis and Surgical Therapy of Right Atrial Masses

JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY, Issue 1 2007
Nezihi Kucukarslan M.D.
A review of surgical experience with right atrial tumors in 11 patients from our institution has been presented in this article. Methods: Eleven cases, operated for a tumor mass in the right atrium in our institution between January 1993 and December 2004, were retrospectively reviewed for their clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, method of surgical procedure, and histopathologic findings. Electrocardiogram, transthoracic, and transesophageal echocardiography, computerized tomography, and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging were available for all patients during the diagnostic evaluation. Surgical procedure notes, photos, and file recordings were reviewed when available. The surgeons were also interviewed when necessary. Results: Right atrial tumors were diagnosed in 11 patients (6 males and 5 females). The average age of the patients was 34 ± 11 years (ranging between 21 and 65 years). The histopathological examination of the surgically removed specimen revealed a benign tumor in eight patients (73%), and a malignant process in three (23%). In eight patients with a benign tumor, atrial myxoma was the leading cause in half of the cases. Hydatid cyst (n = 2), lipoma (n = 1), and right atrial thrombus (n = 1) were detected in the remaining four patients. One patient died of heart failure after surgery. The diameters of the excised masses were 2 ± 0.5 cm versus 7 ± 1 cm. Conclusions: Tumors of the right atrium are rarely seen, and necessitate a unique attention during the process of diagnosis and surgical treatment. We present our surgical experience of 11 patients with right atrial mass. The differentiation of the right atrial tumors with the diagnostic tools before surgery, the determination of the spreading, and the structural properties of the mass may designate surgical approach and prognosis. [source]

Efficiency of obliteration procedures in the surgical treatment of hydatid cyst of the liver

ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 11 2004
Yilmaz Akgun
Background: Hydatid cyst of the liver (HCL) is a parasitic infestation caused by several species of Echinococcus and is endemic in many sheep-raising areas. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the value of clinical, physical and laboratory findings and to discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic options in 250 patients with HCL. Methods: Between January 1980 and December 1989, 148 patients with HCL were treated surgically, and surgical procedures performed were evaluated retrospectively. On the basis of these findings, a prospective study of 102 patients was initiated between January 1990 and December 1999. Results: External drainage was performed in retrospective and prospective groups, respectively, in 110 and five patients, obliteration procedures in 31 and 82 and resectional procedures in seven and 15. While mean hospitalization time morbidity, mortality and recurrence rates were 16.2 ± 6.9 days, 37.8%, 2.0% and 6.7% in the retrospective group, these rates were decreased to 7.8 ± 3.5 days, 10.7%, 0.9% and 1.9%, respectively, in the prospective group. Overall morbidity, mortality and recurrence rates and median hospitalization time were 49.5%, 2.6%, 9.5% and 18.0 ± 7.4 days in external drainage group, 7.0%, 0% 0.8% and 8.5 ± 4.5 in obliteration procedures and 9.0%, 4.5%, 0% and 7.3 ± 1.9 resectional procedures, respectively. Conclusions: External drainage should be performed only in infected HCL. Resection procedures are too radical and extensive for benign lesions. Obliteration procedures are simple and safe methods for the treatment of HCL, and they have low morbidity, mortality and recurrence rates. [source]

Primary hydatid cysts of psoas muscle

ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 6 2002
Marcovalerio Melis
Background:, Hydatid cysts may occur in any area of the body, but they usually localize to the liver and the lungs. Primary localization in muscle is not common, accounting for 2,3% of all sites; even rarer is the development of multiple cysts. Methods: The patient presented with a painless abdominal mass which gradually increased in size to a diameter of approximately 16 cm. Organ imaging scan revealed multiple hydatid cysts within the right psoas muscle. Because of the proximity of the lesions to the iliac vessels, ureter and nerves to the lower limb, percutaneous drainage and alcoholization under local anaesthesia were performed with the aim of reducing the size of the cysts and sterilizing them prior to definitive surgery. This procedure was not effective. Two weeks after percutaneous treatment the patient underwent surgery. Results:, At operation the cysts were localized and successfully removed under ultrasound guidance. Postoperative stay was uneventful. Two years after surgery the patient has no evidence of recurrent hydatid disease. Conclusions:, Ultrasonography is the preferred method for detecting muscular hydatid cyst and for guiding the surgeon during resection. [source]

Staphylococcus aureus Infective Endocarditis Mimicking a Hydatid Cyst

Progress of Untreated Massive Cardiac Echinococcosis,Echocardiographic Follow-Up

ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 9 2006
Serdar Soydinc M.D.
A 56-year-old man was admitted with chest pain and dyspnea. Echocardiographic evaluation revealed a giant cystic cardiac mass with multiple loculations at interventricular septum extended to inferoposterior region protruding inside the cavity. The patient refused surgical therapy. His complaints persisted without significant changes after 5 months. Second echocardiographic evaluation revealed conjugation of previous multiple cyst to gigantic intramyocardial cyst and minimal pericardial effusion. We intend to illustrate herein an unusual echocardiographic appearance and progress of an untreated massive "cardiac echinococcosis." If cardiac hydatid cyst is left untreated it may transform to large cavity with a high risk of rupture. [source]

Percutaneous drainage of hydatid cyst of the liver: long-term results

HPB, Issue 4 2002
KY Polat
Background Previously surgical operation was the only accepted treatment for hydatid liver cysts. Recently percutaneous management has become more preferable because of its low morbidity rate and lower cost. Patients and methods In all, 101 patients harbouring 120 hydatid cysts of the liver were treated by percutaneous drainage between October 1994 and December 1997. Of these cysts, 89 were in the right liver and 31 in the left liver. Thirty-one patients had had previous operations for hydatid disease. All cysts had an anechoic or hypoechoic unilocular appearance on ultrasound scan. The mean dimension of the cysts was 7.5 ± 2.9 cm (range 3,10.4 cm). All patients received oral albendazole 10 mg/kg perioperatively. After aspiration under sonographic guidance, cysts were irrigated with 95% ethanol. Results The amount of cyst fluid aspirated was 220 ± 75 ml and the amount of irrigation solution used was 175 ± 42 ml. Four patients developed mild fever and three had urticaria. Mean length of hospital stay was 2.1 ± 0.7 (range 1,4) days, and patients were followed up for 43,62 months (mean 54 ± 5.4 months). Maximal cyst diameter decreased from 7.5 ± 2.9 cm to 3.2 ± 15 cm (p<0.001). Sonographic examinations revealed high-level heterogeneous echoes in the cyst cavity (heterogeneous echo pattern), while the cyst cavity was completely obliterated by echogenic material (pseudotumour echo pattern). Discussion Most hydatid cysts of the liver can be managed successfully by acombinationof drugtherapyand percutaneous drainage. [source]

Our experience in eight cases with urinary hydatid disease: A series of 372 cases held in nine different clinics

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 9 2006
LMAZ
Objectives: Hydatid disease, a parasitic infestation caused by the larval stage of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus, is diagnosed commonly in the east and south-east regions of Turkey. The aim of this study is to emphasize the relatively frequent occurrences of echinococcosis in our region, and to discuss therapeutic options and treatment results according to current literature. Methods: A retrospective 10-year review of nine different clinics' records of the Research Hospital of the Medical School of Yüzüncü Y,l University revealed 372 hydatid disease cases that were localized in various organs and treated surgically (271 cases) or drained percutaneously (99 cases). Hydatid disease was diagnosed by ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography scans (CT) and confirmed histopathologically. Results: The involved organ was lung in 203 cases (131 adults, 72 children), liver in 150, spleen in 9, brain in 2, kidneys in 7 cases and the retrovesical area in 1 case. The urogenital system is involved at a rate of 2.15%. Two hundred and seventy-one cases were treated surgically and 99 percutaneously. Two cases with renal hydatid cyst refused the surgical procedure (one had a solitary kidney with hydatid cyst). Albendazole was administered to 192 patients; 93 patients had open surgical procedure and 99 patients underwent percutaneous procedure. Cysts were excised totally in the open surgical procedure; however, involved kidneys were removed totally (four cases) except one. Cystectomy and omentoplasty was performed in one case. Complications were as follows: in six cases, cystic material was spilled into the bronchial cavity during the dissection and a renal hydatid cyst ruptured and spilled retroperitoneally. Conclusion: Hydatid disease is a serious health problem in Turkey. The mainly affected organs are liver and lung. It can be treated surgical or by percutaneous aspiration. [source]

Surgical Approach to the Management of Cardiovascular Echinococcosis

JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY, Issue 3 2009
Kutay Tasdemir M.D.
Although cardiovascular hydatid cyst is rare, its early diagnosis and surgical management is important. Methods: We reviewed 10 patients with cardiovascular hydatid cyst who underwent surgery in our department between January 1982 and 2007. Standard cardiopulmonary bypass and antegrade cardioplegia with aortic cross-clamping were used in all but one patient. After the cysts were removed, the cavity was cleaned and then obliterated with purse-string sutures. Albendazole was used in all patients. The mean follow-up was 4.5 years. Results: The mean age was 27 years (range 12 to 76 years). Eight patients were men. The hydatid cysts were located on left ventricle (five patients), left atrium (two patients), right ventricle (three patients), right atrium (one patient), pericardium (one patient), and aorta (one patient). Except for two patients who died, all were discharged without postoperative complications. There was no late cardiac mortality or recurrence. Conclusions: Cardiac hydatid cyst should be treated surgically without delay. Although its surgical treatment carries a high complication rate, gentle handling of the heart during cardiopulmonary bypass minimizes operative risk. [source]

Differentiation of hydatid cyst from cysticercus cyst by proton MR spectroscopy

NMR IN BIOMEDICINE, Issue 5 2002
Monika Garg
Abstract The metabolite patterns obtained by ex vivo proton MR spectroscopy of fluid from different locations of hydatid cysts of sheep and humans (n,=,16) and cysticercus cysts of swine and humans (n,=,25) were compared with an objective of differentiating the two parasites on the basis of their metabolite pattern. The spectra from hydatid fluid differed from cysticercus cyst by the absence of creatine in the former. When the hydatid cyst was fertile, malate and/or fumarate was also observed, which was absent in cysticercus cyst. The most likely explanation for the presence of creatine only in the cysticercus fluid is its active diffusion from the surrounding host tissue along with a contribution from the musculature present in the bladder wall of the cyst. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Eosinophil cationic protein damages protoscoleces in vitro and is present in the hydatid cyst

PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 8 2006
A. L. RAMOS
SUMMARY Eosinophils are locally recruited during the establishment and chronic phases of cystic hydatidosis. This study provides evidence that eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), one of the major components of eosinophil granules, can damage Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces (PSC). The toxicity of ECP was investigated in vitro by following parasite viability in the presence of this protein. ECP was found to damage PSC at micromolar concentrations; the effect was blocked by specific antibodies and heparin, and was more severe than the one caused by similar concentrations of RNase A, suggesting that the cationic nature of ECP, and not its ribonuclease activity, is involved in toxicity. This observation may highlight the capacity of eosinophils to control secondary hydatidosis, derived from PSC leakage from a primary cyst. To further assess the relevance of the previous result during infection, the presence of eosinophil proteins was investigated in human hydatid cysts. ECP was found to be strongly associated with the laminated layer of the cyst wall, and present at micromolar concentrations in the hydatid fluid. Overall, these results demonstrate that eosinophils degranulate in vivo at the host,parasite interface, and that the released ECP reaches concentrations that could be harmful for the parasite. [source]

Analysis of specific IgE and IgG subclass antibodies for diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus

PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 8 2006
A. R. KHABIRI
SUMMARY The potential roles of specific antibodies of different immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses and IgE in serological diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) were investigated by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on Antigen 5 (Ag5). Presence of IgG1 was demonstrated in all sera from 58 patients with CE. The most discriminatory and specific antibodies found in this study belonged to IgG4 and IgE. Only one false-positive reaction was observed with IgG4 and no IgE cross-reactivity occurred with 40 sera from healthy controls. In 36 sera from patients infected with parasites other than CE two false-positive reactions with IgG4 were observed but none occurred with IgE. In immunoblotting, it was shown that IgG1 subclass was responsible for cross-reactivity of human antibodies that reacted with a 38 kDa subunit of Ag5. IgG4 and IgE antibodies could not recognize the 38 kDa subunit and under non-reducing conditions reacted with the 57 kDa subunit without any cross-reactivity to other parasites. The results demonstrated that IgG4 and IgE are the most important antibodies for serological diagnosis of hydatid cyst in an Ag5 based immunoassay system. [source]

Grand mal seizures: an unusual and puzzling primary presentation of ruptured hepatic hydatid cyst

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA, Issue 6 2006
PHILIPPE G. MEYER MD
Summary We report a case of hepatic hydatidosis where the first clinical manifestations, generalized seizures after minor head and abdominal trauma, and delayed anaphylaxis, made the primary diagnosis difficult. Severe anaphylaxis has been reported as initial presentation of quiescent hepatic hydatidosis. In endemic areas, the diagnosis must be carefully ruled out in patients experiencing abrupt anaphylactic shock of uncertain etiology. The occurrence of unexplained vascular collapse after minor abdominal trauma in a patient originating from an endemic area should prompt the diagnosis and urgent treatment should be initiated; firstly emergency management of the anaphylactic shock and later, surgical treatment of the cysts. [source]

Large retroperitoneal calcified hydatid cyst

ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 12 2009
Bijan Mohammadhosseini MD
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Drainage of hepatic hydatid cyst with a surgiport

ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 11 2005
Vincent W. T. Lam
This article describes the safe and effective technique of hepatic hydatid cyst drainage. [source]

Efficiency of obliteration procedures in the surgical treatment of hydatid cyst of the liver

Primary hydatid cysts of psoas muscle

A primary ovarian hydatid cyst

AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 4 2009
Ekaterina UCHIKOVA
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Percutaneous drainage of hydatid cyst of the liver: long-term results

Surgical approach of pulmonary hydatidosis in childhood

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 2 2005
I.C. Kurkcuoglu
Summary To review the results of different surgical treatment in hydatid disease of the lung in paediatric patients. A total of 102 children with pulmonary hydatid cysts were treated at the our clinic in the period from 1990 to 2001. There were 59 boys and 43 girls and their age ranged from 4 to 16 years (mean 10.2). Chest radiography, computed tomography and abdominal ultrasonography were the most commonly used diagnostic techniques. The cysts were located in the right lung in 68 patients (66.6%), in the left lung in 30 patients (29.4%), in both lungs in four patients (3.9%). Concomitant liver cyst hydatid was also detected in 12 patients that were located at right lung, and two patients with bilateral lung involvement. All cases were managed surgically. Of 14 cases with concomitant liver and intrathoracic hydatid cysts, right thoracophrenotomy was performed in 12, median sternotomy in one, and phrenotomy in other. Partial cystectomy and capitonnage were the most commonly used surgical methods. Post-operative complication was seen in 10 (9.8%) patients. Infection at the incision site occurred in four patients and air leakage in three. Complications of capitonnage were seen in three patients. One patient (1%) died at fourth post-operative day due to sepsis. Parenchyma protective operations should be performed especially in children living in endemic areas because of the possibility of recurrence of the disease in the future. Single stage operations in suitable cases decrease the cost of treatment and make surgical therapy suitable in both children and young adults, by reducing the hospital in-patient time and morbidity. [source]

Cellular organization and appearance of differentiated structures in developing stages of the parasitic platyhelminth Echinococcus granulosus

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 2 2005
Claudio Martínez
Abstract Echinococcus granulosus is the causative agent of hydatidosis, a major zoonoses that affects humans and herbivorous domestic animals. The disease is caused by the pressure exerted on viscera by hydatid cysts that are formed upon ingestion of E. granulosus eggs excreted by canine. Protoscoleces, larval forms infective to canine, develop asynchronously and clonally from the germinal layer (GL) of hydatid cysts. In this report, we describe the cellular organization and the appearance of differentiated structures both in nascent buds and developed protoscoleces attached to the GL. Early protoscolex morphogenesis is a highly complex and dynamic process starting from the constitution of a foramen in the early bud, around which nuclei are distributed mainly at the lateral and apical regions. Similarly, distribution of nuclei in mature protoscoleces is not homogenous but underlies three cellular territories: the suckers, the rostellar pad, and the body, that surrounds the foramen. Several nuclei are associated to calcareous corpuscles (Cc), differentiated structures that are absent in the earlier bud stages. The number of nuclei is similar from the grown, elongated bud stage to the mature protoscolex attached to the GL, strongly suggesting that there is no significant cellular proliferation during final protoscolex development. The amount of DNA per nucleus is in the same range to the one described for most other platyhelminthes. Our results point to a sequential series of events involving cell proliferation, spatial cell organization, and differentiation, starting in early buds at the GL of fertile hydatid cysts leading to mature protoscoleces infective to canine. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Pre- and postsurgical detection of IgG, IgM, and IgA specific to hydatidosis by ELISA with purified antigen enriched with the 5/B antigen complex

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS, Issue 6 2002
Olga Doiz
Abstract An enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) using purified 5/B Echinococcus enriched antigen was used to follow IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody levels pre- and posttreatment or surgical removal of hydatid cysts. The sensitivity was 97%, 37.5%, and 54.5%, respectively, and the specificity was 95.7%, 100%, and 98.9%, respectively. All isotypes could be detected 3 years after surgical removal of cysts in patients showing no remaining cyst evidence. This was especially true for IgG, which persisted in 85.2% of the patients. The data indicate that antigen purification improves specificity without affecting sensitivity, although this new antigen offers no advantages in the postsurgical monitoring of the patients. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:295,298, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Differentiation of hydatid cyst from cysticercus cyst by proton MR spectroscopy

Eosinophil cationic protein damages protoscoleces in vitro and is present in the hydatid cyst

Primary hydatid cysts of psoas muscle

Echinococcus granulosus in northern Queensland

AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 9 2006
1. Prevalence in cattle
Objective To determine the prevalence and geographical distribution of hydatidosis and investigate factors that might be expected to influence the prevalence of hydatids in cattle in Queensland north of the Tropic of Capricorn. To determine the effect of natural levels of infection on carcase weight and subsequent economic loss. Procedure An abattoir survey conducted in 1981 provided information on the distribution, prevalence and viability of hydatid cysts in cattle from all shires north of the Tropic of Capricorn in Queensland. Livers, lungs and spleens from 10,382 cattle were palpated at abattoirs in Cairns, Townsville and Rockhampton to detect hydatid cysts. Prevalence of infection in cattle in each shire was estimated from results of the abattoir study together with reports of infection in a further 22,185 cattle obtained from abattoir records. Linear modelling was used to define the effect of geographical origin, age, breed and sex on prevalence of infection. Differences in the weights of carcases between infected and non-infected cattle of the same age, sex, breed and property of origin were examined. The economic loss to the beef industry in the region surveyed was estimated. Results Cattle infected with hydatids originated almost entirely from regions to the east of the Great Dividing Range. The mean prevalence inside this zone was 28% compared with 3% in other areas. Viable protoscoleces were found in 0.7% of cysts. Geographical origin and age of the cattle were the most significant factors influencing prevalence. Infection with hydatids had no effect on carcase weight. Economic loss was limited to that associated with condemnations of organs at meat inspection, estimated to be $0.5 million per annum in 1981 and $6 million in 2004. The distribution of hydatids in Queensland north of the Tropic of Capricorn corresponded most closely with the distribution of small wallabies such as Macropus dorsalis (black-striped wallaby), M parryi (whiptail wallaby) and M rufogriseus (red-necked wallaby). Conclusions It was concluded that cattle are not an important part of maintaining the life-cycle of E granulosus in Queensland north of the Tropic of Capricorn. Within the endemic zone, which is almost all to the east of the Great Dividing Range, the local pattern of bovine echinococcosis is most likely to be determined by the presence or absence of small species of wallaby such as M dorsalis, M parryi and M rufogriseus. [source]