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Human Saphenous Vein (human + saphenou_vein)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Compliance properties of conduits used in vascular reconstruction,

BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 11 2000
N. R. Tai
Background Compliance mismatch between native artery and prosthetic graft used for infrainguinal bypass is implicated in the aetiology of graft failure. The aim was to quantify the elastic properties of a new compliant poly(carbonate)polyurethane (CPU) vascular graft, and to compare the compliance properties of grafts made from CPU, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), Dacron and human saphenous vein with that of human muscular artery. Methods A pulsatile flow phantom was used to perfuse vessel and prosthetic graft segments at physiological pulse pressure and flow. Intraluminal pressure was measured using a Millar Mikro-tip catheter transducer and vessel wall motion was determined with duplex ultrasonography using an echo-locked wall-tracking system. Diametrical compliance and a stiffness index were then calculated for each type of conduit over mean pressures ranging from 30 to 100 mmHg by 10-mmHg increments. Results The compliance values of CPU and artery (mean over the pressure range) were similar (mean(s.d.) 8·1(0·4) and 8·0(5·9) per cent per mmHg × 10,2 respectively), although the elastic behaviour of artery was anisotropic unlike CPU, which was isotropic. Dacron and ePTFE grafts had lower compliance values (1·8(1·2) and 1·2(0·3) per cent per mmHg × 10,2 respectively, averaged over the pressure range). In both these cases, compliance and stiffness differed significantly from that of artery over a mean pressure range of 30,90 mmHg. Human saphenous vein exhibited anisotropic behaviour and, although compliant at low pressure (30 mmHg), was markedly incompliant at higher pressures. Conclusion Compliant polyurethane grafts offer a greater degree of compliance match than either ePTFE or Dacron. © 2000 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd [source]

Specific Determination of Endothelial Cell Viability in the Whole Cell Fraction from Cryopreserved Canine Femoral Veins Using Flow Cytometry

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 10 2000
Jong-Chul Park
Abstract: An efficient method for specifically determining the viability of endothelial cells (EC) from cells dissociated from the human saphenous vein was investigated. Three different methods, trypan blue staining assay, [3H]-proline incorporation assay, and flow cytometry (FCM), combined with the fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated with Griffonia simplicifolia agglutins (GS1-FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double staining, were used. Both trypan blue staining and [3H] proline incorporation assays demonstrated less sensitivity to determine viability of EC differentially from the other cells. FITC-GS1 showed prominent binding to the vascular EC and could be counted by FCM including PI on dead cells. Following the cryopreservation process, the GS1-FITC/PI FCM analytical method was adopted to test simultaneously the viability of whole cells and EC from the same tissue, human saphenous veins, and mongrel dogs' femoral veins after harvesting, antibiotic solution treatment, and thawing. The viability of the whole cells from veins decreased with a significant difference (p < 0.05) from that of EC after thawing. [source]

Relaxant responses to calcium channel antagonists and potassium channel opener in human saphenous vein

AUTONOMIC & AUTACOID PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 1 2006
C. Ford
Summary 1 As shown in a parallel study the magnitude of depolarization induced in human saphenous vein by raising external potassium ([K+]e) falls markedly below the theoretical values predicted by the Goldman,Hodgkin,Katz equations. This anomaly prompted us to re-examine the relaxant actions of L-type (nifedipine) and T-type (mibefradil) Ca2+ channel antagonists, and relaxant and electrophysiological effects of the K+ channel opener, pinacidil, on saphenous veins contracted by the elevation of [K+]e. 2 Nifedipine produced concentration,dependent relaxations in tissues contracted at various high [K+]e. In tissues contracted with 20 mm [K+]e, the pIC50 for nifedipine was significantly (8.20 ± 0.05; n = 6; mean ± SEM; P < 0.05) greater than in tissues contracted with ,40 mm [K+]e. 3 Tissues contracted with 20 mm [K+]e also relaxed in response to mibefradil (pIC50 = 6.1 ± 0.14) and pinacidil (pIC50 = 6.45 ± 0.08), the latter being almost completely reversed (93.4 ± 9.9%) by addition of glibenclamide (10 ,m). 4 The resting Em of smooth muscle cells of saphenous vein was ,77.0 ± 0.7 mV (n = 52), and 20 mm [K+]e produced a modest but significant depolarization to ,73.0 ± 0.7 mV (n = 52). Incubation with pinacidil plus 20 mm [K+]e resulted in a significant hyperpolarization of the Em to ,82 ± 0.6 mV (n = 52). 5 N, -nitro- l -arginine methyl ester did not impede the relaxant responses of nifedipine, mibefradil or pinacidil. 6 In conclusion, the relaxant effects of nifedipine and pinacidil (i) occurred at an Em distinctly below the presumed threshold for the opening of the classic (CaV1.3,1) L-type Ca2+ channels, and (ii) did not depend on generation of nitric oxide. [source]

The ,1D -adrenoceptor antagonist BMY 7378 is also an ,2C -adrenoceptor antagonist

AUTONOMIC & AUTACOID PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 4 2005
L. Cleary
Summary 1 We have investigated the actions of the ,1D -adrenoceptor selective antagonist BMY 7378 in comparison with yohimbine at ,1 - and ,2 -adrenoceptors. 2 In rat aorta (,1D -adrenoceptor), BMY 7378 (pA2 of 8.67) was about 100 times more potent than yohimbine (pA2 of 6.62) at antagonizing the contractile response to noradrenaline. 3 In human saphenous vein (,2C -adrenoceptor), BMY 7378 (pA2 of 6.48) was approximately 10 times less potent than yohimbine (pA2 of 7.56) at antagonizing the contractile response to noradrenaline. 4 In prostatic portions of rat vas deferens, BMY 7378 (10 ,m) did not significantly affect the concentration-dependent inhibition of single pulse nerve stimulation-evoked contractions by xylazine (an action at prejunctional ,2D -adrenoceptors). 5 In ligand-binding studies, BMY 7378 showed 10-fold selectivity for ,2C -adrenoceptors (pKi of 6.54) over other ,2 -adrenoceptors. 6 It is concluded that BMY 7378, in addition to ,1D -adrenoceptor selectivity in terms of ,1 -adrenoceptors, shows selectivity for ,2C -adrenoceptors in terms of ,2 -adrenoceptors. [source]

Compliance properties of conduits used in vascular reconstruction,

Comparison of the contractile responses of human coronary bypass grafts and monkey arteries to human urotensin-II

FUNDAMENTAL & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 4 2001
J. Paysant
Human urotensin-II (hU-II) is a cyclic peptide recently cloned in humans and present in human cardiac tissue and human arteries. The effects of hU-II were studied on human coronary bypass grafts in vitro. In three out of eight human mammary arteries, and two out of three human radial arteries, hU-II caused contraction; human saphenous veins did not respond to hU-II. When it exists, the contraction slowly develops and has a low-to-moderate intensity. All radial arteries obtained from young healthy non-human primates contracted strongly to hU-II. [source]