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Head Kidney Cells (head + kidney_cell)
Selected AbstractsEvaluation of in vitro endocytosis and antibody synthesis by rainbow trout head kidney cells treated with bovine lactoferrinJOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2005S. Cecchini Bovine lactoferrin (LF) was evaluated for its capacity to modulate the in vitro endocytosis (phagocytosis and pinocytosis) and antibody synthesis by head kidney cells of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Phagocytic activity and phagocytic index of head kidney macrophages, determined by measurement of ingested yeast, were influenced by bovine LF starting from the LF concentration of 1 and 0·1 ,g ml,1, respectively. Endocytosis, determined by the evaluation of droplet uptake of neutral red dye solution, was significantly enhanced by 10 ,g ml,1 of LF. In contrast, antibody synthesis by head kidney cells, evaluated by immunoenzymatic assay, from fish immunized against human-,-globulins (HGG)in vivo was not affected by bovine LF. Although these results showed that bovine LF had no effect on specific immunoglobulin production in vitro, an enhancement of the acquired immune response may be assumed in LF-treated fish in vivo, as observed in higher vertebrates. [source] Lepeophtheirus salmonis secretory/excretory products and their effects on Atlantic salmon immune gene regulationPARASITE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 4 2007M. D. FAST SUMMARY We have previously shown that Lepeophtheirus salmonis produces trypsin and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) that are most likely responsible for the limited inflammatory response of Atlantic salmon to infection. After removal of the dopamine and PGE2, the immunomodulatory activity of unfractionated and pools of the fractionated secretions was determined by examining the effects of the secretions on Atlantic salmon immune gene expression. Incubation of macrophage-enriched isolates of Atlantic salmon head kidney cells with the unfractionated secretion + PGE2 revealed a significant inhibition of interleukin-1, (IL-1,) and major histocompatibility class I gene expression. Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-1, expression in the Atlantic salmon head kidney cell line (SHK-1) was observed when three pools of the secretory/excretory products were tested. Further purification of products within these pools revealed that fraction 1-2 could account fully for the inhibition of IL-1, expression in SHK-1 cells observed in pooled fraction 1. This study demonstrates that there are other immunomodulatory compounds produced by L. salmonis, in addition to PGE2 and trypsin, that can inhibit the expression of Atlantic salmon immune-related genes in vitro. [source] Antagonistic activity of bacterial isolates from intestinal microbiota of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, and an investigation of their immunomodulatory capabilitiesAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 2 2010Christopher Marlowe A Caipang Abstract In an effort to identify potential probionts, four bacterial strains obtained from the intestinal tract of wild-caught Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, were tested for their antagonistic activity against Vibrio anguillarum and Aeromonas salmonicida, two of the most common bacterial pathogens in cod aquaculture, using a well-diffusion agar assay at two incubation temperatures: 13 and 20 °C. The tested bacteria exhibited dissimilarity in their inhibitory action against the target pathogens , an enhanced activity was particularly observed for strains GP11 and GS11 at the highest incubation temperature. Based on the 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequence analysis, the strains showed high similarity to Psychrobacter sp. (strain GP11), Shewanella sp. (GS11), Photobacterium sp. (GP31) and Vibrio sp. (GV11). The incubation of Atlantic cod head kidney cells with the heat-inactivated probiotic strains resulted in the differential expression of immune-response genes that are related to bacterial defence and inflammation. Thus, the gut-derived bacterial strains have probiotic potential and their possible immunomodulatory capabilities could be determined under in vitro conditions. [source] | ||||||||||