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Hepatic Parenchyma (hepatic + parenchyma)
Selected AbstractsCorrection: IL-10 is crucial for the transition from acute to chronic disease state during infection of mice with Schistosoma mansoniEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 8 2003C. H. Sadler Vol. 33(4) 2003, pp 880-888 Pages 882 (Fig. 2) and 883 (Fig. 5) The x-axis label in Fig. 2 should have the same sampling times post-infection as Fig. 1. The legend to Fig. 5 should be amended to read: blue nuclei, red collagen and yellow connective tissue or hepatic parenchyma. [source] The protective effect of N -acetylcysteine against cyclosporine A-induced hepatotoxicity in ratsJOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY, Issue 1 2008Hasan Kaya Abstract The immunosuppressive agent cyclosporine A (CsA) has been reported to exert measurable hepatotoxic effects. One of the causes leading to hepatotoxicity is thought to be reactive oxygen radical formation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of N -acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment on CsA-induced hepatic damage by both analysing superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities with malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and using an histological approach. CsA administration produced a decrease in hepatic SOD activity, and co-administration of NAC with CsA resulted in an increase in SOD activity. MDA and NO levels increased in the CsA group and NAC treatment prevented those increases. A significant elevation in serum AST and ALT activities was observed in the CsA group, and when NAC and CsA were co-administered, the activities of AST and ALT were close to the control levels. CsA treatment caused evident morphological alterations. Control rats showed no abnormality in the cytoarchitecture of the hepatic parenchyma. The co-administration of NAC with CsA showed no signs of alteration and the morphological pattern was almost similar to the control group. In conclusion, CsA induced liver injury and NAC treatment prevented the toxic side effects induced by CsA administration through the antioxidant and radical scavenging effects of NAC. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Lack of evidence that bone marrow cells contribute to cholangiocyte repopulation during experimental cholestatic ductal hyperplasiaLIVER INTERNATIONAL, Issue 4 2006Yuki Moritoki Abstract: Background: Ductopenia is observed in end-stage human cholestatic diseases. The limited capability of cholangiocytes for proliferation is suggested to be the principal reason. Recently, bone marrow cells (BMCs) have been reported to behave as hepatic stem cells; however, their capability to differentiate into cholangiocytes in cholestasis remains unclear. Methods: Normal mice were lethally irradiated to suppress the proliferation of self-BMCs; thereafter, the BMCs from enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-transgenic mice were transferred to recipients. Chronic cholestasis was induced by 0.1%,-naphtylisothiocyanate (ANIT) feeding. The proliferation of cholangiocytes and oval cells was assessed morphologically and immunohistchemically (cytokeratin-7 (CK-7), A6). Proliferative activity (proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein expression), hepatic growth factor (HGF) receptor (c-Met), stem cell factor receptor (c-kit), Notch2 and Hes1 expression were also evaluated. Results: Marked cholangiocyte proliferation was observed in ANIT-fed mice. However, no EGFP/CK-7 double positive cells were identified in any of the liver specimens after BMCs transfer (Tx). In hepatic parenchyma, there were scattered EGFP-positive cells, although none of them were positive for CK-7. Conclusions: In spite of the significant ductular proliferations after ANIT feeding, no EGFP-positive cholangiocytes were confirmed by any other means in this chronic cholestasis model. Thus, different from hepatocytes, BMCs Tx seems not to contribute to the differentiation of cholangiocytes. Future studies are feasible to clarify the origin of proliferative cholangiocytes observed in this chronic cholestatic ductular hyperplasia model. [source] In situ splitting of a liver with middle hepatic vein anomalyLIVER TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 9 2001Alessandro Genzone MD In situ liver splitting provides a way to expand the graft pool, minimize cold ischemia time, and improve hemostasis at the cut surface of the graft. Vascular anomalies of the liver may make the splitting procedure very difficult or even impossible to perform. The in situ splitting procedure, performed on a liver with a middle hepatic vein (MHV) anomaly, is described here. The MHV drained directly into the segment III vein within the hepatic parenchyma instead of draining into the left hepatic vein to form the common trunk. In situ splitting was performed during multiorgan procurement from a 33-year-old man who died of isolated cerebral trauma. The MHV was reconstructed on the back table to secure right graft venous drainage using an iliac vein graft. The resultant right graft, segments I and IV to VIII, and left graft, segments II and III, were transplanted successfully into an adult and a child, respectively. The 2 transplant recipients are currently alive with normal hepatic function 20 months after transplantation. [source] REGULATION OF FIBROGENESIS DURING THE EARLY PHASE OF COMMON BILE DUCT OBSTRUCTIONANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 7 2006Atilla Engin Background: Both nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins have been proposed as inhibitor substances involved in collagen deposition in the hepatic parenchyma. The possible reciprocal connections between NO and eicosanoids in the development of liver fibrosis were investigated during the initial phase of common bile duct obstructions. Methods: A total of 30 male albino guinea pigs were randomly and equally assigned to three groups. Group 1 underwent sham laparotomy. Group 2 and group 3 were subjected to permanent common bile duct ligature for 24 and 72 h , respectively. Changes in the liver prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotriene C4, malondialdehyde contents and plasma nitrite plus nitrate concentrations were measured. To evaluate the extent of hepatic fibrosis, histological assessment of liver was confirmed with the equivalent hydroxyproline contents of liver. Results: Twenty-four hours after ligature, the amount of malondialdehyde and PGE2 and plasma nitrite plus nitrate concentrations increased significantly, whereas liver hydroxyproline contents did not change. However, 72 h after ligature (Group 3), lipid peroxidation and collagen deposition were significantly higher than that of the group 2 animals. The PGE2 : leukotriene C4 ratio peaked at 24 h and later decreased, whereas PGE2 : NO ratio remained unchanged in both group 2 and group 3 animals. Conclusions: The initiation of collagen synthesis occurred in portal tract as early as within the first 72 h of bile duct obstruction. The optimum function of reactive oxygen species on the stellate cell activation might be determined by the interaction between NO and PGE2. [source] Effect of two medicinal herbs (Astragalus radix and Lonicera japonica) on the growth performance and body composition of juvenile pikeperch [Sander lucioperca (L.)]AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 11 2008Zdzis, aw Zak Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the impact of feeding juvenile pikeperch diets with medicinal herb adjuvants on the growth performance, proximate body composition, fatty acids profile (whole fish, muscle tissues, viscera) and cytological and histological indicators of the liver and middle intestine. The fish (mean body weight of ca. 110 g) were fed diets with a 0.1% supplement of Astragalus radix (group A), Lonicera japonica (group L) or a mixture of these herbs (A. radix+L. japonica; group A/L) for 8 weeks. The herbal supplementation was not noted to have had an impact on the analysed indicators of fish growth performance, condition or feed conversion ratio (P>0.05). Statistically significant intergroup differences were noted in the value of the hepatosomatic index, hepatocyte size, their nucleus and nucleus/cytoplasm diameter ratio (P<0.05). Significant intergroup differences were also noted in the appearance of the hepatic parenchyma. Statistically significant intergroup differences were also noted in the protein content of the whole fish body. The analysis of the proximal composition of the fish viscera, in turn, indicated significant differences in the fat content (P<0.05). Among the analysed group of fatty acids (saturated , SFA, monoenoic , MUFA, polyenoic , PUFA) contained in the whole fish, the fillets and the viscera, significant intergroup differences were noted with regard to SFA (viscera) and MUFA (whole fish) (P<0.05). The total PUFA content was stable, although significant intergroup differences were noted with regard to a few of the acids that belong to this group (P<0.05). [source] | ||||||||||