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Growing Segment (growing + segment)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Kinds of Growing Segment

  • fastest growing segment
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    A New Paradigm for Clinical Investigation of Infectious Syndromes in Older Adults: Assessing Functional Status as a Risk Factor and Outcome Measure

    JOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 3 2005
    Kevin High
    Abstract Adults aged 65 and over comprise the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population, and older adults experience greater morbidity and mortality due to infection than young adults. While this factor is well established, most clinical investigation of infectious diseases in the aged focuses on microbiology, and crude endpoints of clinical success such as cure rates or mortality, but often fails to assess functional status, a critical variable in geriatric care. Functional status can be evaluated as a risk factor for infectious disease or an outcome of interest following specific interventions utilizing well-validated instruments. This paper outlines the currently available data suggesting a link between infection, immunity and impaired functional status in the elderly, summarizes commonly employed instruments used to determine specific aspects of functional status, and provides recommendations for a new paradigm in which clinical trials of older adults include functional assessment. [source]

    Women, serious mental illness and recidivism: A gender-based analysis of recidivism risk for women with SMI released from prison

    JOURNAL OF FORENSIC NURSING, Issue 1 2010
    Kristin G. Cloyes PhD
    Abstract Two groups now constitute the fastest growing segment of the U.S. prison population: women and persons with mental illness. Few large-scale studies have explored associations among serious mental illness (SMI), gender, and recidivism, or compared factors such as illness severity and clinical history as these construct notably different situations for incarcerated women and men. We report on our recent study comparing prison recidivism rates, severity of mental illness, and clinical history for women and men released from Utah State Prison 1998,2002. Implications: While women generally have better recidivism outcomes than men, we find that SMI related factors have a greater negative effect on the trajectories of women in this sample as compared with the men. This suggests that programs and policies focused on the SMI-specific risks and needs of women could significantly reduce prison recidivism and increase community tenure for this group, with far-reaching effects for families and communities. [source]

    Breastfeeding the Late Preterm Infant

    JOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC, GYNECOLOGIC & NEONATAL NURSING, Issue 6 2008
    Marsha Walker
    ABSTRACT Late preterm infants comprise the fastest growing segment of babies born prematurely. They arrive with disadvantages relative to feeding skills, stamina, and risk for conditions such as hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and slow weight gain. Breastfeeding these babies can be difficult and frustrating. Individualized feeding plans include special considerations to compensate for immature feeding skills and inadequate breast stimulation. Breastfeeding management guidelines are described that operate within the late preterm infant's special vulnerabilities. [source]

    The Role of Academic Discipline and Gender in High School Teachers' AIDS-Related Knowledge and Attitudes

    JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, Issue 1 2001
    Lori J. Dawson
    ABSTRACT Adolescents represent the fastest growing segment of HIV+ individuals in the United States. Therefore, high school teachers should be both knowledgeable of and comfortable with issues related to HIV/AIDS. This study examined high school teachers' AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes. One hundred forty-one high school teachers from nine central Massachusetts high schools participated. Participants completed the "HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes Scales for Teachers," as well as questions regarding their teaching experience and academic disciplines. Results indicated a direct relationship between teachers' knowledge of HIV/AIDS and positive or supportive attitudes toward HIV/AIDS. Significant differences were found based on academic discipline, with allied health teachers scoring significantly higher on the knowledge scale than teachers in any other discipline. Specific examples are discussed, as is the need for increased teacher training and comprehensive AIDS education. [source]

    Dementia incidence continues to increase with age in the oldest old: The 90+ study

    ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 1 2010
    Marķa M. Corrada ScD
    Objective The oldest old are the fastest growing segment of the US population, and accurate estimates of dementia incidence in this group are crucial for healthcare planning. Although dementia incidence doubles every 5 years from ages 65 to 90 years, it is unknown if this exponential increase continues past age 90 years. Here, we estimate age- and sex-specific incidence rates of all-cause dementia in people aged 90 years and older, including estimates for centenarians. Methods Participants are from The 90+ Study, a population-based longitudinal study of aging and dementia. Three hundred thirty nondemented participants aged 90 years and older at baseline were followed between January 2003 and December 2007. Age- and sex-specific incidence rates of all-cause dementia were estimated by person-years analysis. Results The overall incidence rate of all-cause dementia was 18.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.3,21.5) per year and was similar for men and women (risk ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.65,1.37). Rates increased exponentially with age from 12.7% per year in the 90,94-year age group, to 21.2% per year in the 95,99-year age group, to 40.7% per year in the 100+-year age group. The doubling time based on a Poisson regression was 5.5 years. Interpretation Incidence of all-cause dementia is very high in people aged 90 years and older and continues to increase exponentially with age in both men and women. Projections of the number of people with dementia should incorporate this continuing increase of dementia incidence after age 90 years. Our results foretell the growing public health burden of dementia in an increasingly aging population. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:114,121 [source]

    Dyslipidemia in the Elderly: Should it Be Treated?

    CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue 1 2010
    Madhan Shanmugasundaram MD
    Elderly or older adults constitute a rapidly growing segment of the United States population, thus resulting in an increase in morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular disease,an increase that is reaching epidemic proportions. Dyslipidemia is a well established risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is estimated to account for more than half of the global cases of coronary artery disease. Despite the increased prevalence of dyslipidemia in the older adult population, controversy persists regarding the benefits of treatment in this group. Epidemiologic studies have shown that dyslipidemia is often underdiagnosed and under treated in this population probably as a result of a paucity of evidence regarding the impact of treatment in delaying the progression of atherosclerotic disease, concerns involving increased likelihood of adverse events or drug interactions, or doubts regarding the cost effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapy in older adults. In conclusion, despite the proven efficacy of lipid-lowering therapy in decreasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, these therapies have been underutilized in older patients. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]