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Granular Cytoplasm (granular + cytoplasm)
Kinds of Granular Cytoplasm Selected AbstractsGranular cell tumor of the neurohypophysis: Report of a case with intraoperative cytologic diagnosisDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2008Maria Luisa C. Policarpio-Nicolas M.D. Abstract Cytological techniques including touch and smear preparations are very useful diagnostic modality in the evaluation of central nervous system (CNS) lesions and, in many instances, may be effectively used as the sole modality of tissue preparation for intraoperative consultation. Cytologic preparations offer many advantages over frozen sections for CNS specimens. These include selective examination of multiple areas from small biopsy specimens, superior preservation and details of cellular morphology, fewer artifacts, faster results, and improved cost-effectiveness. We describe the cytologic diagnosis of a granular cell tumor (GCT) of the neurohypophysis in a 33-year-old male who presented with headache and blurred vision. CT scan revealed an enlarged sella with a 2.15 × 2.0 cm pituitary lesion. Transsphenoidal resection of the mass was performed and submitted for intraoperative consultation. Smears and touch preparations were made on a portion of the mass that showed uniform polygonal cells with round to ovoid nuclei and abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. An intraoperative cytological diagnosis of "favor GCT" was rendered. The histologic sections of the remaining material confirmed the diagnosis. Although GCT of the neurohypophysis is very rare, a specific intraoperative cytological diagnosis is possible. We report the clinical, cytological, and pathological findings of a GCT affecting the neurohypophysis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:58,63. © 2007 Wiley,Liss, Inc. [source] Cytologic comparison of a primary parathyroid cancer and its metastatic lesions: A case reportDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2006I.A.C., Katsuhide Ikeda C.T. Abstract We describe the fine-needle aspiration cytology features of a primary parathyroid cancer and of the local recurrent and distant metastatic lesions. The presence of prognostic factors Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was compared immunohistochemically between primary parathyroid carcinoma and related metastatic and recurrent foci. Flow cytometric DNA analysis was also performed to investigate any chromosomal abnormality of the parathyroid carcinoma. Cytologic examination of the endocrine tumor showed that it comprised a loose cohesive cluster and tumor cells with granular cytoplasm and mild nuclear atypia, but for purposes of cytodiagnosis, it is difficult to determine whether such a neoplasm is malignant on the basis of morphology alone. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that Ki-67 and PCNA labeling indices were higher in the recurrent and metastasized carcinomas than in the primary cancer, suggesting that neoplastic cells become more malignant in the recurrent and metastasized foci. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing not only cytopathologic but also immunocytologic differences between primary parathyroid cancer and the metastatic lesion. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2006;34:50-55. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] S-100-negative atypical granular cell tumor: report of a caseINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2002Mi-Woo Lee MD A 38-year-old man presented with a solitary, round, 1.2 × 1.2 cm, bluish-colored, dome-shaped, hard nodule on the left side of the neck, which had grown over 2 months (Fig. 1). The nodule was nontender and nonmovable. Light microscopy revealed that the neoplasm was situated in the reticular dermis with extension into the papillary dermis. The tumor showed expansile growth with smooth and round borders, and was made up of sheets of cells arranged in nests or lobules separated by thin delicate connective tissue septa. The tumor cells were round, oval, or polygonal in shape with distinct cellular borders. The cells had abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, and considerable variation of cellular and nuclear size was noted (Fig. 2a). The tumor cell nuclei were vesicular and some had pleomorphism (Fig. 2b). Sometimes multiple nucleoli were seen. Mitoses and necrosis were virtually absent. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that some of the cytoplasmic granules stained positively with periodic acid,Schiff (PAS) after diastase treatment. Tumor cells showed strong reactivity for CD68 and neuron-specific enolase, and negative results for S-100, factor XIIIa, cytokeratin, desmin, CD34, and smooth muscle actin. Electron microscopy revealed that the tumor was composed of polygonal cells with round to irregular nuclei, and the cytoplasm contained numerous secondary lysosomes. The tumor was completely excised. Figure 1. A solitary, round, 1.2 × 1.2 cm, bluish-colored, dome-shaped, hard nodule on the left side of the neck Figure 2. (a) Tumor cells contain granular cytoplasm and show atypical cytologic features (b) Neoplastic cells show variation of cell size and nuclear pleomorphism [source] Granular cell atypical fibroxanthomaJOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY, Issue 4 2005Sarah N. Rudisaile Both neoplasms were solitary, light-tan, dome-shaped papules on sun-exposed areas of the head in two elderly white men. Microscopically, these neoplasms showed a dermal proliferation of pleomorphic granular cells with irregular hyperchromatic nuclei, multinucleated cells, and scattered mitoses. Immunohistochemical stains were positive for CD68 and vimentin and negative for Melan-A or human melanoma black (HMB)-45, S-100 protein, pancytokeratin, and actin, consistent with atypical fibroxanthoma. The differential diagnosis of granular cells in neoplasms containing cytological pleomorphism is challenging in view of the many different neoplasms that may present with granular cytoplasm. These include the conventional granular cell tumor and its malignant form, leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, dermatofibroma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and angiosarcoma. [source] Mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene refine differential diagnostic criteria in renal cell carcinomaJOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 1 2002Nandita Barnabas PhD Abstract Background and Objectives Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) with abundant granular cytoplasm include oncocytomas, eosinophillic variants of chromophobe RCC, papillary RCC, collecting duct carcinoma, and some conventional (clear cell) RCC. Tumors with predominantly clear cell cytoplasm include typical chromophobe RCC and conventional (clear cell) RCC. The objective of this study was to determine if mutations in the VHL gene can serve as auxiliary diagnostic criteria in refining histology based subtyping of renal epithelial neoplasia. Methods The study cohort of 67 cases included 24 conventional RCC, 14 chromophobe RCC, 14 papillary RCC, and 15 oncocytomas. Single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) was used as a screening procedure for mutations followed by automated sequencing to identify mutations. Results Thirteen of the 14 mutations identified were novel, seven of which were in the coding region. In chromophobe RCC, mutations clustered in the 5,UTR/promoter region and have not been previously reported. Exon 3 appeared to favor conventional (clear cell) RCC and correlated with a more aggressive phenotype. Mutations were absent in the papillary and oncocytoma RCC subtypes. Conclusions Exon 3 mutations permitted a morphological distinction between conventional (clear cell) RCC and chromophobe RCC with clear cells. Mutations in the VHL gene refine histologic diagnostic criteria in RCC serving as adjuncts to the present morphology based diagnosis of RCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;80:52,60. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma with inverted nuclear pattern: Distinct subtype with an indolent clinical coursePATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2009Bong-Hee Park Reported herein are seven cases of a histologically distinct oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma (OPRCC) with an inverted nuclear pattern. To define its prognostic significance, the clinicopathological features of OPRCC were compared to those of types 1 and 2 PRCC. The median age of the seven patients was 67 years. Grossly, tumors were well-circumscribed and small (1.2 cm ± 0.4 cm). Microscopically, the OPRCC were composed of well-developed thin papillae, lined with a single layer of cuboidal-to-columnar oncocytic cells. The tumor cells had round-to-oval nuclei and eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, which was strongly positive for anti-mitochondrial immunostaining. The nuclei were characteristically polarized toward the surface of the papillae and contained mostly small nucleoli. The tumors had high expression of ,-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase, CD15, CD117, cytokeratin (CK) 7, E-cadherin, epithelial membrane antigen, MOC 31, mucin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor and vimentin, low expression of CD10 and Ki-67, and no expression of CK20. Genetically, gain of chromosomes 3p, 11q, and 17q, and loss of chromosome 4q was observed. All seven patients were alive with no recurrence or metastasis at a mean follow-up time of 37.1 ± 23.7 months. In conclusion, OPRCC show unique pathological features with indolent clinical behavior and are more similar clinicopathologically to type 1 than to type 2 PRCC. [source] Pathogenicity and host-parasite relationships of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on celeryPLANT PATHOLOGY, Issue 5 2008N. Vovlas Pathogenicity and host-parasite relationships in root-knot disease of celery (Apium graveolens ) caused by Meloidogyne incognita race 1 were studied under glasshouse conditions. Naturally and artificially infected celery cv. D'elne plants showed severe yellowing and stunting, with heavily deformed and damaged root systems. Nematode-induced mature galls were spherical and/or ellipsoidal and commonly contained more than one female, males and egg masses with eggs. Feeding sites were characterized by the development of giant cells that contained granular cytoplasm and many hypertrophied nuclei. The cytoplasm of giant cells was aggregated along their thickened cell walls and consequently the vascular tissues within galls appeared disrupted and disorganized. The relationship between initial nematode population density (Pi) and growth of celery plants was tested in glasshouse experiments with inoculum levels that varied from 0 to 512 eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2) mL,1 soil. Seinhorst's model y = m + (1 , m)zP,T was fitted to height and top fresh weight data of the inoculated and control plants. The tolerance limit with respect to plant height and fresh top weight of celery to M. incognita race 1 was estimated as 0·15 eggs and J2 mL,1 soil. The minimum relative values (m) for plant height and top fresh weight were 0·37 and 0·35, respectively, at Pi , 16 eggs and J2 mL,1 soil. The maximum nematode reproduction rate (Pf/Pi) was 407·6 at an initial population density (Pi) of 4 eggs and J2 mL,1 soil. [source] Primary hepatic clear cell myomelanocytic tumor,APMIS, Issue 12 2007Case report, review of the literature A case of hepatic clear cell myomelanocytic tumor in a 31-year-old woman presenting clinically with abdominal pain is reported. Histopathologic examination showed a lesion characterized by a population of large epithelioid cells with clear or eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, rich in glycogen. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for HMB-45, Melan-A and muscle-specific actin, but negative for epithelial markers, desmin, S-100 protein, and neuroendocrine markers. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells had abundant glycogen, well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, microtubules and aberrant melanosomes. Clinical and pathologic features with a brief review of the relevant literature for hepatic CCMMT as a variant of perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) are discussed. [source] Alveolar soft part sarcoma of the endometrium with expression of CD10 and hormone receptors,APMIS, Issue 7 2007Case Report Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare tumor of uncertain histogenesis, mainly localized in the extremities. ASPS originating in the uterine corpus is quite rare; only eight such cases have been reported in the literature. We here present another case of ASPS found in the endometrium in a 50-year-old woman. Metastatic malignant tumor, including ASPS from other organs, was excluded by physical examination and imaging modalities. Thallium 201 was only localized in the uterus. The tumor showed characteristic histological features of ASPS: alveolar architecture with fibrovascular septa and abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm with periodic acid-Schiff-positive crystalline material. Diffuse nuclear immunoreactivity for TFE3, a marker recently reported to be specific for ASPS, further supported the diagnosis of ASPS. Interestingly, this tumor was negative for myogenic markers, but positive for CD10, progesterone receptor, and estrogen receptor. These immunohistochemical results and the tumor location suggest a possible link between endometrial stromal cells and the development of this tumor. [source] Granular cell tumor arising metachronously in the bronchus and esophagus,APMIS, Issue 9 2006Case report We present a case of granular cell tumor (GCT) occurring in the esophagus 7 years after operation for bronchial GCT. A 59-year-old Japanese man complained of epigastralgia, and endoscopic examination of the upper digestive tract disclosed a submucosal tumor in the lower esophagus. Histological examination of the endoscopic mucosal resection of the esophageal tumor showed a proliferation of neoplastic cells with an eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm. The cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells was histochemically positive for PAS stain and immunohistochemically positive for S-100. This tumor did not fulfill any of the diagnostic criteria for malignancy at either the macroscopic or microscopic level. I believe that this is the first case of GCT occurring metachronously in the respiratory and digestive tracts. Clinicians and pathologists should bear in mind that GCT may arise metachronously in the respiratory and digestive tracts. [source] Synchronous granular cell tumor of the bladder, endometrial carcinoma and endometrial stromal sarcomaASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 1 2006Yasuhiko KIYOZUKA Abstract We describe a very rare case of synchronous granular cell tumor of the bladder, endometrial carcinoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma. A 55-year-old woman with a 4-month history of genital bleeding was cytologically diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma. Imaging studies suggested concomitant bladder tumor with the possibility of direct invasion from endometrial carcinoma. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and transurethral resection of bladder tumor was performed. The bladder tumor comprised polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic, finely granular cytoplasm, separated by collagenous tissue. Neither nuclear pleomorphism nor tumor necrosis was found. Immunohistochemical expression of neural markers of neuron-specific enolase and S-100 allowed the diagnosis of granular cell tumor (GCT) of the bladder. Microscopic examination of endometrium revealed endometrioid adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation (EAC). Ill-defined nodular lesion comprising endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) was accidentally found in myometrium. Postoperatively, the patient underwent radiotherapy. This is the first well-documented case of synchronous triple tumors comprising GCT of the bladder, uterine EAC and ESS. [source] Hepatic intraductal oncocytic papillary carcinomaCANCER, Issue 10 2002Robert C. G. Martin M.D. Abstract BACKGROUND There has been an increasing incidence and mortality from peripheral cholangiocarcinoma (PC) in the United States over the past 24 years. PC has been classified into two principal types, a mass-forming type and a periductal-infiltrating type, with a significant difference in the clinical behavior between the two. A third type, demonstrating a noninvasive intraductal growth of PC, was described as papillary PC. Rarely, papillary hepatic tumors composed of oncocytic cells have been described. Intraductal oncocytic papillary carcinomas (IOPCs) of the liver present as large, mucin-filled, cystic lesions lined by noninvasive or focally microinvasive oncocytic tumors. METHODS From June 1999 to August 2001, three patients with hepatic IOPCs were identified in the files of the Hepatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, and the Department of Pathology at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. They form the basis of this study. We report the clinicopathologic presentation, as well as the outcome, with a review of the literature. RESULTS All three cases presented with well defined intrahepatic cystic masses ranging in size from 7.2 to 21.1 cm. The most prominent cells of the lining epithelium were columnar with oncocytic features showing abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and centrally located nucleoli. All three patients underwent resection with one demonstrating local bile duct recurrence that was managed with stenting. Review of the literature has identified 39 patients with papillary PC and 2 patients with IOPC. The biology of these reported cases has been variable with overall survival better than that of nonpapillary PC patients, with recurrence in 15% of the reported cases. CONCLUSION Papillary PC is a rare type of cholangiocarcinoma that includes an interesting variant: IOPC. These tumors are predominantly found in men, who present with large (> 5 cm) mucinous cystic lesions of the bile duct. A noninvasive histology is seen, and long-term survival may be achieved with complete resection. Invasive variants of IOPC have been reported in the literature and have a worse overall prognosis. Cancer 2002;95:2180,7. © 2002 American Cancer Society. DOI 10.1002/cncr.10934 [source] Granular cell tumour of the lacrimal glandACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009SL VON HOLSTEIN Purpose To report the clinical and histopathological characteristics of a patient with a granular cell tumour (GCT) of the lacrimal gland. Methods Surgical excision and histological examination. Results A 38-year old male presented with a painful swelling located temporally in the right upper eyelid. Clinical examination revealed proptosis and displacement of the right eye and a tumour was palpated at the site of the lacrimal gland. MRI scan revealed a solid tumour in the lacrimal fossa. The tumour was excised. Microscopically the tumour was composed of tumour cells with coarsely granular cytoplasm. The tumour cells were arranged in clusters and ribbons separated by collagen bundles and no necrosis or mitosis were present. The granules were PAS positive, diastase resistant and the tumour cells expressed focal staining for S100. Electron microscopy showed numerous secondary lysosomes. The diagnosis is consistent with a GCT. Conclusion This case presents for the first time a GCT of the lacrimal gland. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||