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Grade Tumors (grade + tumor)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Long-term outcome of endoscopic biopsy and subsequent nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract tumor

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 1 2001
Shigeru Minowada
Abstract Background: Upper urinary tract tumors can be biopsied using a flexible ureterorenoscope. This study examined retrospectively possible adverse effects of this procedure on patient outcome. Methods: The study subjects consisted of 16 consecutive patients with renal pelvic tumor (n = 13) and upper ureteral tumor (n = 3). All subjects underwent endoscopic biopsy of their tumor and subsequent total nephroureterectomy between 1989 and 1995. The follow-up period ranged from 4.1 to 9.5 (mean 5.2) years. Results: The overall 5-year survival rate was 87.0%, being 100% in 12 patients with tumors of grade 1 or 2. In contrast, of four patients with grade 3 tumor, three (75%) developed systemic lymphogenous and/or multiple lung metastases within 1 year postoperatively. Conclusions: The excellent patient outcomes deny any adverse effect of endoscopic biopsy on patients with grade 1 or 2 tumor. However, the endoscopic procedure should be performed prudently when a high grade tumor is suspected. [source]

Morphometric analysis of CD34-positive vessels in salivary gland adenoid cystic and mucoepidermoid carcinomas

JOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE, Issue 9 2009
H. Luukkaa
Background:, Carcinomas of the salivary glands are uncommon and morphologically a diverse group of malignancies. To evaluate the prognostic value of CD34 immunostaining of the vessels in adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), an automated image analysis method was used. Method:, In a nationwide study, covering salivary gland cancer (SGC) patients in Finland 1991,1996, 37 AdCC and 18 MEC patients (M 25, F 30, age 25,90, mean 63) were included. In addition to clinical characteristics the size, shape, staining intensity and vessel density in CD34 immunostained histologic samples were measured. Results:, Altogether 4433 vessels were measured from AdCC and 2615 from MEC tumor. Of the total tumor vessels measured, 2651 were from patients who deceased with disease (Group I) and 4397 were from specimens derived from those who did not die of disease (Group II) during the 10-year follow-up. The staining intensity was significantly higher in MEC than in AdCC tumor (P = 0.0005). In MEC, the Group I patients had a higher staining intensity among high-grade patients compared with patients with low grade disease, whereas the tumors in Group II had a lower staining intensity among the high-grade compared with the low grade tumors (P = 0.018). A higher vessel density was found in patients with MEC in group II compared with group I (P = 0.017). Conclusions:, The staining intensity of CD34 positive vessels in MEC was higher than in AdCC. In MEC, higher staining intensity of vessels in high-grade tumors and lower vessel density in all MEC patients, predicted poor survival. [source]

Oxidative/nitrosative stress and peroxiredoxin 2 are associated with grade and prognosis of human renal carcinoma,

APMIS, Issue 5 2006
Y. SOINI
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) 1,6 were assessed in 138 renal cell carcinomas (RCC) using immunohistochemistry and selected samples by Western blotting analysis. Oxidative/nitrosative damage was evaluated using nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity. The expressions of Prxs were correlated with tumor grade and survival and nitrotyrosine reactivity. Non-malignant kidney tubular cells showed positivity with variable intensity for all six Prxs. In RCCs, most cases were positive for Prxs 1 and 2, while only 15,20% of tumors showed expression for Prxs 3 and 4. Prx 2 was associated with tumors of a lower grade (p=0.009) and with a lower frequency of distant metastases (p=0.046). Patients with tumors expressing Prx2 had better prognosis (p=0.027). Instead, nitrotyrosine was significantly associated with high grade tumors (p=0.001). Compared with the non-malignant kidney tubular cells, low Prx expression in the tumor cells can make them more susceptible to oxidative damage. Prx 2 was more abundantly expressed in low grade tumors, suggesting that this protein could play a role in preventing the development of oxidative damage, which in turn can lead to the activation of pathways leading to aggressive tumors. [source]

Androgen ablation therapy for prostate carcinoma suppresses the immunoreactive telomerase subunit hTERT

CANCER, Issue 2 2004
Kenneth A. Iczkowski M.D.
Abstract BACKGROUND Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex that protects the ends of chromosomes from degradation. Its catalytic subunit, hTERT, controls its activity. Prior data in prostate carcinoma cases indicated that immunohistochemical hTERT reactivity increases with tumor grade and may be absent in lower grade cases. The effect of complete androgen ablation (CAA) on tumor hTERT expression was uncertain. METHODS hTERT immunostaining was performed on the cancerous pretreatment biopsy tissue of 30 men who consecutively underwent CAA with bicalutamide and goserelin acetate for 30 days prior to undergoing radical prostatectomy, and on their tumor tissue from radical prostatectomy. As controls, biopsy and prostatectomy samples from 30 untreated men were studied. Nuclear staining was evaluated by two observers, and the change in staining between biopsy and prostatectomy samples was evaluated using the Student t test in both groups. RESULTS The percent of reactive tumor nuclei in treated men declined from 36.7% to 13.2% (P = 0.0001), and declined from 19.8% to 16.1% in untreated men (P = 0.4). The greater mean hTERT reactivity in the treated men's biopsy specimens was attributed to an increased proportion of higher (Gleason score , 7) grade tumors. The decline in hTERT immunostaining remained significant after normalizing it to that of the untreated group (P = 0.002). The original Gleason scores, corresponding declines in the percentage of reactive tumor nuclei, and significance were: Gleason score , 6: 11% (P = 0.03); Gleason score of 7: 23% (P < 0.006); and Gleason score , 8: 46% (P < 0.005) (from a mean 63% to 17%). CONCLUSIONS CAA for prostate carcinoma can be considered an antitelomerase therapy. The steepest reduction in telomerase activity was noted in the highest grade tumors. Cancer 2004;100:294,9. © 2003 American Cancer Society. [source]