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Government Failure (government + failure)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Humanities and Social Sciences	50%
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	33%

Selected Abstracts

Corporate,community relations in Nigeria's oil industry: challenges and imperatives

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, Issue 4 2006
Uwafiokun Idemudia
Abstract The adoption of corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies and corporate,community relation (CCR) strategies by oil companies has failed to reduce the incidence of violent conflict between the host communities and oil companies in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. This paper argues that the failure to seek, understand and integrate community perceptions into CSR policies and practices, the over-emphasis of affirmative duties to the detriment of negative injunction duties and the absence of an enabling environment due to government failure are responsible for the observed problem. The paper concludes that unless these gaps are addressed, CSR by the Nigerian oil industry is likely to continue to fail to achieve its full potential. However, CCR in the Nigerian oil industry will be significantly improved if, and when, the needs and aspirations of the major stakeholders are addressed through a tri-sector partnership approach to development and conflict resolution. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source]

Coordination failure, property rights and non-profit organizations

ANNALS OF PUBLIC AND COOPERATIVE ECONOMICS, Issue 3 2000
Bernard Enjolras
This paper advances a socio-economic theory of nonprofit organizations aiming at conceiving this organizational form in its complexity and at analysing it from both the viewpoints of its economical and political (democratic) dimensions. This theoretical approach accounts for the existence of nonprofit organizations and the reasons why nonprofit organizations are relatively more efficient when compared with for-profit and government organizations in particular circumstances. The various current explanations of the existence of nonprofit organizations (contract failure, government failure, philanthropic failure) are regrouped around the concept of coordination failure. The paper then examines how nonprofit organizations are able to mitigate these coordination failures. The central thesis is that the specific distribution of property rights characterizing nonprofit organizations results in a particular type of governance structure which allows them to mitigate coordination failures. In turn, the ability of the organization to mitigate coordination failures and therefore its efficiency is conditioned on its democratic functioning. [source]

Exploiting patient labour at Kew Cottages, Australia, 1887,1950

BRITISH JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES, Issue 2 2010
Lee-Ann Monk
Accessible summary ,,This article looks at the work carried out by people with learning disabilities who lived in the Kew Cottages in Australia. ,,It argues that these people were treated unfairly because they were not paid for the work they did, even though that work was valuable and important. ,,Even though they were being treated unfairly, some people at the Cottages may have chosen to work because it gave them a way to spend their time and because people who worked had more freedom and were better treated. Summary This article examines the exploitation of patient labour at Kew Cottages, Australia's first purpose-built state institution for people with learning disabilities. Analysing historical evidence for the period 1887,1950 shows that unpaid patient labour contributed significantly to the economy of the Cottages and so to the government department of which they were a part. It also argues that government failure to provide adequately for patient needs and to rectify unsafe working conditions further exploited working patients. The final section of the article examines why some patient-labourers may have chosen to work, arguing that the restrictive, materially impoverished and relatively isolated social world in which they found themselves were an important influence on their decisions to do so. [source]

Innovations to Make Markets More Inclusive for the Poor

DEVELOPMENT POLICY REVIEW, Issue 4 2008
Ronald U. Mendoza
Market failures, government failures and some of the characteristics of both the poor and business actors as well as their environment can act as barriers preventing the poor from participating more actively in markets, both as consumers and as producers. Private actors - including for-profit and not-for-profit entities, often in partnership with the public sector - have been able to mitigate some of these constraints through innovations that have helped to make markets more inclusive for the poor, enabling them not just to gain access, but also to participate in ways that enhance their economic empowerment and human development. This article identifies the strategies and innovations used and devises a possible typology for them. [source]

BINGE BORROWERS OR RATIONAL CONSUMERS?

ECONOMIC AFFAIRS, Issue 1 2008
THE FSA AND GOVERNMENT FAILURE
The FSA seeks to address the putative financial incompetence of the borrowing public by improving its financial capability. The response of rational agents to asset price inflation in the UK is one indication of the competence with which many people use innovations in the financial services industry. The FSA succeeds only in shielding government failures in the money and housing markets. [source]

A Quasi-Market Framework for Development Competition

JOURNAL OF URBAN AFFAIRS, Issue 2 2002
Richard C. Feiock
This article describes a quasi-market framework to integrate the diverse perspectives on local government development competition found in the economic development literatures. Within this framework local governments seek to obtain positive externalities associated with economic growth through the provision of services and inducements to private firms in exchange for commitments of employment and investment. Efficient pursuit of economic development is impeded by market and government failures. Better understanding of how the quasi-market for economic development works promises to enhance our understanding of the relationships between economic and political demands and local development with important implications for evaluation of local growth policy and development competition. [source]