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Goods Markets (goods + market)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	100%

Selected Abstracts

Employment Policy, the Crowding-out Effect and Imperfect Competition

LABOUR, Issue 4 2001
Juin-jen Chang
This paper presents a macroeconomic model with imperfect competition in the commodity market, and uses it to address how the commodity market's structure is related to the efficacy of government employment policies. It is found that job creation in the public sector may lead to a decrease in output and an increase in prices. In particular, these adverse side-effects will be alleviated when competition in the goods market is less perfect. We also find that public-sector job creation definitely has a positive effect on total employment, though it may crowd out private-sector employment. [source]

Market Access and WTO Border Tax Adjustments for Environmental Excise Taxes under Imperfect Competition

JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMIC THEORY, Issue 4 2005
STEVE McCORRISTON
The literature identifies linkages between domestic environmental policies and trade, the treatment of imports being an important issue in administration of domestic environmental excise taxes. With the aim of ensuring foreign exporters do not attain a competitive advantage, border tax adjustments are used. Since most environmental excise taxes apply to intermediate goods, the relevant border tax adjustment applies to final imported goods. However, when both intermediate and final goods markets are oligopolistic, border tax adjustments may be non-neutral. Moreover, even if market access is unchanged, border tax adjustments can still lead to redistribution of profits between domestic and foreign firms. [source]

R&D AND BUYERS' WAITING OPTION,

THE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS, Issue 1 2006
EIRIK GAARD KRISTIANSEN
Anticipation of technological progress may induce buyers to delay the adoption of new technologies. We analyze how buyers' waiting option may feed back into firm's timing of innovations. Buyers are shown to have inefficiently weak incentives to wait for potentially better products. This induces firms to accelerate the introduction of new products. Furthermore, buyers' inclination to adopt new technologies prematurely expands firms' scope for preemption of potential rivals. The analysis sheds light on R&D competition in durable goods markets such as the market for aircraft. [source]

Explaining Stock Market Correlation: A Gravity Model Approach

THE MANCHESTER SCHOOL, Issue S1 2002
Thomas J Flavin
A gravity model, frequently used to explain trade patterns, is used to explain stock market correlations. The main result of the trade literature is that geography matters for goods markets. Physical location and trading costs should be less of an issue in asset markets. However, we find that geographical variables still matter when examining equity market linkages. In particular, the number of overlapping opening hours and sharing a common border tends to increase cross,country stock market correlation. These results may stem from asymmetrical information and investor sentiment, lending some empirical support for these explanations of the international diversification puzzle. [source]

Nominal Wage Flexibility and Economic Performance: Evidence and Implications Across Industrial Countries

BULLETIN OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH, Issue 1 2006
Magda Kandil
Abstract By considering the theoretical connection between labour and product markets, the paper evaluates the economic relationship of these markets within the contractual wage rigidity New Keynesian explanation of business cycles. The empirical analysis focuses on the short-run cyclical behaviour of real output, prices and wages for 19 industrial countries. Time-series and cross-sectional regressions are estimated. Cross-sectional cyclical correlations in the labour and goods markets are also evaluated across countries. Consistent with the theoretical predictions, aggregate uncertainty is an important factor in increasing the flexibility of the nominal wage in response to aggregate demand shocks. Wage flexibility accelerates price inflation and moderates the response of real output growth to aggregate demand shocks. Wage flexibility does not appear to be an important factor in differentiating the real and inflationary effects of energy price shocks across countries. Finally, aggregate uncertainty increases the responsiveness of output and price to productivity shocks. [source]

On durable goods markets with entry and adverse selection

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, Issue 3 2004
Maarten Janssen
The model is a dynamic version of Akerlof (1970). Identical cohorts of durable goods, whose quality is known only to potential sellers, enter the market over time. We show that there exists a cyclical equilibrium where all goods are traded within a finite number of periods after entry. Market failure is reflected in the length of waiting time before trade. The model also provides an explanation of market fluctuations. JEL classification: D82 A propos des marchés de biens durables quand il y a entrée de nouveaux commerçants et sélection adverse., Les auteurs analysent la nature du commerce et du triage engendrés par le mécanisme dynamique des prix dans un marché concurrentiel de biens durables quand il y a sélection adverse et entrée exogène de nouveaux commerçants dans le temps. Ce modèle est une version dynamique du modèle d'Akerlof (1970). Des cohortes identiques de biens durables, dont la qualité est connue seulement des vendeurs potentiels, arrivent sur le marché dans le temps. Il semble qu'il y ait plus de commerce actif que ce qui est prévu par un modèle statique. En particulier, on montre qu'il existe un équilibre cyclique où tous les biens sont transigés à l'intérieur d'un nombre fini de périodes après leur arrivage et que, à chaque phase du cycle, l'éventail de qualité des biens transigés s'accroît. Les commerçants qui transigent des produits de plus haute qualité attendent plus longtemps et l'imperfection du marché se traduit par la longueur de temps d'attente avant la transaction. Le modèle fournit aussi une explication des fluctuations du marché. [source]