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Gingival Bleeding (gingival + bleeding)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	95%

Terms modified by Gingival Bleeding

gingival bleeding index

Selected Abstracts

Periodontal disease in the oldest-old living in Kungsholmen, Sweden: findings from the KEOHS project

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 6 2006
Poul Holm-Pedersen
Abstract Aims: The Kungsholmen Elders Oral Health Study evaluated the oral health status of generally healthy, community-dwelling persons aged 80 years and over living in Stockholm, Sweden. This paper reports periodontal disease findings and evaluates the distribution by sociodemographic factors. Methods: Eligible persons were identified through the Kungsholmen Project, an ongoing, longitudinal, population-based study of older adults. A total of 121 study subjects received a periodontal examination. Results: The mean pocket probing depth was 2.6 mm and the mean clinical attachment loss was 3.7 mm. Gingival bleeding was common. Over half of all study participants met the criteria used for "serious periodontitis" (SP). In the best fit adjusted odds ratio (OR) model, males were 3.1 times more likely than females to have "SP" (OR=3.1, 95% CI 1.2, 8.0), a statistically significant observation. A sub-analysis of the differences in proportion of participants with SP revealed that the difference by sex also increased by age. Conclusions: These findings document the substantial and ongoing impact of periodontal disease in a sample of generally healthy, community dwelling older adults and underscore the importance of continued periodontal disease prevention and treatment in the oldest-old. [source]

Levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in saliva of patients with different periodontal conditions

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 8 2003
Ricardo de Toledo Cesco
Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in saliva measured by ReflotronÔ System of Diagnosis and periodontal condition indicated by Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Material and methods: Fifteen patients were assigned to one of four groups C0, C1, C3 and C4, based on their largest CPITN code among the examined sites, totaling 60 participants. About 1.0 ml of non-stimulated saliva was collected from the individuals after a mouth rinse with water. Biochemical analyses of saliva samples were carried out using the proposed system in order to quantify their AST concentration. Results: There were no significant differences between levels (U/ml) of AST (median; interquartile range) from groups C0 (30.9; 14.7,41.7), C1 (30.3; 19.5,39.4) and C3 (35.1; 27.0,63.5). However, group C4 (106.2; 84.4,129.7) differed statistically from the others (p<0.001) and presented AST levels as high as 284.2 U/ml. Gingival bleeding and suppuration were observed in three individuals with concentrations higher than 125.0 U/ml. Conclusion: Levels of AST in saliva from patients presenting CPITN code 4 were higher than from patients coded lower and could be detected by the evaluated diagnostic system. Periodontal destruction such as periodontal pockets, gingival bleeding and suppuration seems to be related to higher AST levels in saliva. Zusammenfassung Ziele: Der Zweck der Studie war die Evaluation der Beziehung zwischen den Levels von Aspartataminotransferase (AST) im Speichel, die mit dem ReflotronÔ System gemessen wurden, und den parodontalen Bedingungen, die mit dem CPITN erfasst wurden. Material und Methoden: 15 Patienten wurden für eine der vier Gruppen C0, C1, C3 und C4 ausgesucht, was aufgrund ihres höchsten CPITN-Wertes unter den überprüften Flächen bei total 60 Teilnehmern geschah. Ungefähr 1.0 ml von nicht stimuliertem Speichel wurde von den Personen nach einer Mundspülung mit Wasser gesammelt. Die biochemischen Analysen der Speichelproben wurden unter Nutzung des vorgeschlagenen Systems durchgeführt, um die AST Konzentration zu bestimmen. Ergebnisse: Es gab keine signifikanten Differenzen zwischen den Levels (U/ml) von AST (Median, Streuung) bei den Gruppen C0 (30.9; 14.7,41.7), C1 (30.3; 19.5,39.4) und C3 (35.1; 27.0,63.5). Jedoch unterschied sich die Gruppe C4 (106.2; 84.4,129.7) signifikant von den anderen (p<0.001) und zeigte AST Level höher als 284.2 U/ml. Gingivale Blutung und Suppuration wurden bei drei Personen beobachtet mit Konzentrationen höher als 125.0 U/ml. Schlussfolgerung: Die Level von AST im Speichel von Patienten mit einem CPITN von 4 waren höher als bei den Patienten, deren CPITN niedriger war. Sie konnten mit dem evaluierten Diagnostiksystem entdeckt werden. Parodontale Destruktion wie parodontale Taschen, gingivale Blutung und Suppuration scheinen zu höheren AST Level im Speichel in Beziehung zu stehen. Résumé Objectifs: Cette étude se propose d'évaluer la relation entre les niveaux d'aspartate aminotransferase (AST) dans la salive, mesuré par le ReflotronÔ System of Diagnosis et la condition parodontale déterminée par le CPITN. Matériel & méthodes: 15 patients (60 au total) furent répartis dans un des 4 groupes C0, C1, C3 et C4, sur la base de leur plus grand code CPITN parmi les sites examinés. Environ 1.0 ml de salive non stimulée fut prélevé après rinçage à l'eau. Des analyses biochimiques des échantillons salivaires furent réalisées avec le système proposé afin de quantifier la concentration en AST. Résultats: Il n'y avait pas de différences significatives entre les niveaux (U/ml) d'AST (median; interquartile range) entre les groupes C0 (30.9; 14.7,41.7), C1 (30.3; 19.5,39.4) et C3 (35.1; 27.0,63.5). Cependant, le groupe C4 (106.2; 84.4,129.7) présentait une différence significative par rapport aux autres (p<0.001) avec des niveaux d'AST allant jusqu'à 284.2 U/ml. Le saignement gingival et la suppuration s'observaient chez trois individus avec des concentrations au dessus de 125.0 U/ml. Conclusion: Les niveaux d'AST dans la salive de patients au CPITN code 4 étaient plus importants que ceux des patients au code CPITN inférieur et pouvaient être détectés par le système de diagnostique évalué. Des destructions parodontales comme des poches parodontales, des saignements gingivaux et des suppurations semblent en relation avec des niveaux plus grands d'AST dans la salive. [source]

Periodontal disease in primary Sjögren's syndrome

ORAL DISEASES, Issue 2 2001
M Schiødt
Occurrence of periodontal disease in Sjögrens's syndrome (SS) is still controversial. OBJECTIVE: To examine if the risk of gingival and periodontal conditions was increased in SS compared to the general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven patients (4 men, 53 women) with primary Sjögren's syndrome (Copenhagen criteria) and an age-matched representative sample of the general population of 80 controls (all women) were examined for gingival and periodontal disease. RESULTS: Gingival bleeding and supra-gingival calculus did not differ among SS patients and controls. Subgingival calculus occurred more often among the younger SS patients than controls, but did not differ among the older SS patients and controls. Periodontal pockets of 4,5 mm as well as pockets >5 mm occurred with similar prevalences among the two groups. Smoking habits did not influence the results. The health status of the gingival and periodontal tissues were thus similar in SS and controls. CONCLUSION: Primary SS is not associated with increased risk of periodontal disease. [source]

Effect of crown fracture on the surrounding periodontium

DENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2008
Janaína Cristina Gomes
To reach the long axis of the tooth, an impact device was applied to eight teeth of four adult dogs to produce trauma. Crown fractures involving the enamel and dentin, with or without pulpar exposure and without dislocation, mobility or gingival bleeding were analyzed within the post-trauma periods of 30 min, 1, 3, and 7 days. The force of impact that resulted in coronary fracture, although dissipated at the time of fracture, reverberated in the surrounding periodontium and may generate not only light histological alterations with a rapid re-establishment of the tissues, but also an intense inflammatory condition required as long as 7 days to clear up. The gravity of these inflammatory reactions unleashed in these teeth's periapical tissues depends on the absorption of impact by the periodontal structures and the individual susceptibility of each organism. [source]

Oral hygiene practices, periodontal conditions, dentition status and self-reported bad mouth breath among young mothers, Tanzania

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DENTAL HYGIENE, Issue 4 2006
EGS Mumghamba
Abstract:,Objectives:,To determine the oral hygiene practices, periodontal conditions, dentition status and self-reported bad mouth breath (S-BMB) among young mothers. Study participants and methods:,This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 302 postpartum mothers, aged 14,44 years, were interviewed on oral hygiene practices and S-BMB using structured questionnaire. Oral hygiene, dentition and periodontal status were assessed using the Community Periodontal Index probe and gingival recessions (GR) using Williams Periodontal probe. Results:,Tooth brushing practice was 99%; tongue brushing (95%), plastic toothbrush users (96%), chewing stick (1%), wooden toothpicks (76%), dental floss (<1%); and toothpaste (93%). The prevalence of plaque and gingival bleeding on probing was 100%, gum bleeding during tooth brushing (33%), calculus (99%), probing periodontal pocket depth (PPD) 4,5 mm (27%), PPD 6+ mm (3%), GR 1+ mm (27%) and tooth decay (55%). The prevalence of S-BMB was 14%; the S-BMB had higher mean number of sites with plaque compared to the no S-BMB group (P = 0.04). Factors associated with S-BMB were gum bleeding on tooth brushing (OR = 2.4) and PPD 6+ mm (OR = 5.4). Conclusion:,Self-reported bad mouth breath is a cause of concern among young mothers, and associated significant factors were gum bleeding on tooth brushing and deep periodontal pockets of 6+ mm. Further research involving clinical diagnosis of bad mouth breath and intervention through oral health promotion and periodontal therapy are recommended. Clinical relevance:,This study provides baseline information on oral health status and the complaint on bad mouth breath which necessitates in the future need for objective assessment, diagnosis and management of bad mouth breath for enhanced social and professional interaction without embarrassments. [source]

Oral mucous membrane pemphigoid in a 6-year-old boy: diagnosis, treatment and 4 years follow-up

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 1 2010
MOSTAFA I. MOSTAFA
Background., Childhood oral pemphigoid is extremely rare and usually takes the form of desquamative gingivitis. Case report., We describe a 6-year-old boy who presented with gingival bleeding, pain, eating difficulty, and peeling of the gums. Clinical examination revealed desquamative gingivitis with no extra-oral involvement. The diagnosis was established as oral pemphigoid based on the clinical, histological, and immunofluorescence findings. Symptoms resolved on treatment with occlusive topical corticosteroids. The patient was a carrier of the HLA-DQB1*0301 allele. Conclusion., Mucous membrane pemphigoid should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic desquamative gingivitis in childhood. Occlusive therapy with topical fluocinonide may alleviate the symptoms. [source]

Oral health in preschool children with asthma

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 4 2008
MALIN STENSSON
Objective., The aim of this study was to investigate oral health and its determinants in 3-year-old and 6-year-old children with asthma. Methods and subjects., Caries and gingivitis were examined in 127 asthmatic (all children with asthma in a selected area and born during a specific time period) and 117 matched, healthy control children. The parents were interviewed regarding various oral-health-related factors. Results., The mean dfs (± standard deviation) in the 3-year-old with asthma was 1.4 ± 3.2 compared with 0.5 ± 1.2 in the controls (P < 0.05). The corresponding figures for the 6-year-old were 2.5 ± 3.9 and 1.8 ± 2.8. The 3-year-old asthmatic children had more gingival bleeding than the healthy controls (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in gingivitis in the 6-year-old children. Asthmatic children reported higher consumption of sugar-containing drinks and were more frequently mouthbreathers than healthy children (P < 0.05). In 3-year-old children with asthma and immigrant background, the mean dfs was higher compared with immigrant children in the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion., The results indicate that preschool children with asthma have higher caries prevalence than healthy children. The factors discriminating for caries in asthmatic children are higher intake of sugary drinks, mouth breathing, and immigrant background. [source]

Anti-gingivitis effect of a dentifrice containing bioactive glass (NovaMin®) particulate

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 2 2006
Bao Jun Tai
Abstract Background: The objective of this pilot clinical trial was to evaluate the anti-gingivitis and anti-plaque effects of a dentifrice containing bioactive glass (NovaMin®) compared with a placebo control dentifrice in a 6 weeks clinical study. Methods: The study design was a randomized, double-blinded, controlled clinical trial. One hundred volunteers took part in the study and were matched for plaque index (PLI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), age and gender. The protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethical Committee of the University. The subjects received a supragingival prophylaxis to remove all plaque, calculus and extrinsic stain. Following the baseline examination, subjects were instructed to brush with their assigned dentifrice and toothbrush. The PLI and GBI were determined for the baseline and 6 weeks. The data were analysed using a repeated-measures anova conducted on the two dependent measures to compare the effect between the test and control group. Results: Ninety-five subjects finished the study. The results showed that the PLI (baseline=1.54, 6 weeks=1.29) and GBI (baseline=1.14, 6 weeks=0.47) were significantly reduced, respectively, over the 6 weeks period in the test group (p<0.001 for each measure). There was a 58.8% reduction in gingival bleeding and a 16.4% reduction in plaque growth. There was no difference of the PLI (baseline=1.60, 6 weeks=1.57) and GBI (baseline=1.18, 6-week=1.02) over the 6 week period in the control group. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a dentifrice containing NovaMin® significantly improves oral health as measured by a reduction in gingival bleeding and reduction in supragingival plaque compared with a negative dentifrice over the 6 weeks study period. [source]

Anti-gingivitis efficacy of a stabilized 0.454% stannous fluoride/sodium hexametaphosphate dentifrice

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 1 2005
A controlled 6-month clinical trial
Abstract Objective: Stannous fluoride is a broad-spectrum anti-microbial agent that has been used in dentistry as a chemical adjunct to prevent dental caries and gingivitis. The objective of this study was to assess the anti-gingivitis efficacy of a stabilized 0.454% stannous fluoride/sodium hexametaphosphate dentifrice relative to a negative control. Methods: This was a randomized, 6-month, double-blind, parallel-group gingivitis study conducted according to the guidelines for evaluating chemotherapeutic products for the control of gingivitis outlined by the American Dental Association. A stabilized 0.454% stannous fluoride/sodium hexametaphosphate dentifrice was tested against a commercially available negative control dentifrice. Following baseline measurements, subjects received a dental prophylaxis. Subjects were then instructed to brush twice daily for 60 s using their assigned product. Oral soft-hard-tissue examinations and clinical examinations using the Modified Gingival Index, Gingival Bleeding Index, and the Turesky modification of the Quigley,Hein Plaque Index were performed at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-treatment. Results: A total of 143 subjects were enrolled and 130 of them completed the 6-month study. After 6 months of product usage, the experimental group had 21.7% less gingivitis (p<0.001), 57.1% less bleeding (p<0.001), and 6.9% less plaque (p=0.01) on average compared with the negative control group. No adverse oral soft-hard-tissue effects or extrinsic tooth staining was observed in the study. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that use of the stabilized 0.454% stannous fluoride/sodium hexametaphosphate dentifrice over a 6-month period provided statistically significant reductions in gingivitis, gingival bleeding, and plaque when compared with a negative control dentifrice. [source]

Alcohol consumption and periodontal disease

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 7 2004
Nutrition Examination Survey, The Third National Health
Abstract Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of alcohol consumption on the severity of periodontal disease. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study employed 13,198 subjects of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) aged 20 and older who have at least six natural teeth. Alcohol intake was represented both as a continuous variable and dichotomized using 5, 10, 15, and 20 drinks/week as cut-points. Periodontal disease was represented by clinical attachment loss (CAL) and was assessed both as a continuous variable and dichotomized as <1.5 mm and 1.5 mm. Independent effect of alcohol on CAL was assessed by weighted multiple linear and logistic regression analyses adjusting simultaneously for the effects of age, gender, race, education, income, smoking, diet, diabetes, gingival bleeding, number of remaining teeth. Results: There was a significant linear relationship between number of drinks per week and log CAL (p=0.0001). Odds ratios for the risk of attachment loss using 5, 10, 15, and 20 drinks/week as cut-points were 1.22 [1.02,1.47], 1.39 [1.13,1.71], 1.54 [1.22,1.93], and 1.67 [1.25,2.23], respectively. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption may be associated with increased severity of CAL in a dose-dependent fashion. Prospective studies and studies of mechanism are needed to confirm the role of alcohol as a risk factor for periodontal disease. [source]

Levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in saliva of patients with different periodontal conditions

Antiplaque and antigingivitis effectiveness of a hexetidine mouthwash

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 7 2003
N. C. Sharma
Abstract Objective: To assess the antiplaque/antigingivitis efficacy of a hexetidine-containing mouthwash. Methods: This examiner-blind, parallel group, controlled clinical study examined the effectiveness of a hexetidine (0.1%) mouthwash both in inhibiting the development of supragingival plaque and in reducing gingivitis. One hundred and thirty-four adult subjects completed the 2-week experimental gingivitis model study. Following baseline examinations, which included plaque index, modified gingival index and gingival bleeding index, subjects received a full dental prophylaxis. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three mouthwashes (hexetidine 0.1%, chlorhexidine 0.12% (positive control) or a 5% hydroalcohol negative control) and commenced three times daily supervised rinsing as their sole method of oral hygiene. All indices were rescored after 2 weeks. Results: Compared to the negative control group, the hexetidine group demonstrated a statistically significant inhibition and reduction of supragingival plaque and gingival inflammation with reductions of 6.3%, 33.5% and 56% for gingivitis, plaque and gingival bleeding, respectively. The results of the chlorhexidine group were used to validate the study. Conclusion: The study confirms the efficacy of a hexetidine rinse in reducing supragingival plaque and gingival inflammation. Zusammenfassung Zielsetzung: Untersuchung der Antiplaque- und Antigingivitiseffektivität einer Hexetidin-Mundspüllösung. Methoden: Diese kontrollierte klinische Studie mit verblindetem Untersucher im Parallelarm-Design untersuchte die Effektivität einer Hexitidin-Mundspüllösung (0,1%) sowohl für die Hemmung supragingivaler Plaquebildung als auch zur Reduktion der Gingivitis. 134 erwachsene Probanden beendeten die 2 Wochen dauernde Studie mit experimenteller Gingivitis. Nach der Erstuntersuchung, die die Erhebung des Plaque Index, des Modifizierten Gingival Index und des Gingivalen Blutungs Index umfasste, erhielten die Probanden eine professionelle Zahnreinigung. Den Probanden wurden randomisiert 3 Spüllösungen zugewiesen (Hexitidin 0,1%, Chlorhexidin 0,12% [positive Kontrolle] oder ein 5%iger Hydroalkohol [negative Kontrolle]) und begannen damit als alleinige Mundhygienemaßnahme 3 mal täglich unter Aufsicht zu spülen. Nach 2 Wochen wurden die Indizes erneut erhoben. Ergebnisse: Im Vergleich zur negativen Kontrolle zeigte die Hexitidin-Gruppe eine statistisch signifikante Hemmung und Reduktion der supragingivalen Plaque und gingivalen Entzündung mit Reduktionen von 6,3%, 33,5% bzw. 56% für Gingivitis, Plaque bzw. gingivale Blutung. Die Ergebnisse der Chlorhexidin-Gruppe dienten zur Validierung der Studie. Schlussfolgerung: Diese Studie bestätigt die Wirksamkeit von Hexitidin zur Reduktion supragingivaler Plaque und gingivaler Entzündung. Résumé Cette étude clinique contrôlée par groupe parallèle avec examinateur aveugle a estimé l'efficacité d'un bain de bouche à 0,1% d'héxatidine tant à inhiber le développement de la plaque sus-gingivale qu'à réduire la gingivite. Cent trente-quatre adultes ont achevé un gingivite expérimentale de deux semaines. A la suite de l'examen de base comprenant l'indice de plaque, l'indice gingival modifié et l'indice de saignement gingival, les sujets ont reçu une prophylaxie dentaire complète. Ils ont ensuite été répartis de manière randomisée pour utiliser un des trois bains de bouche suivants : héxatidine 0,1%, chlorhexidine 0,12% (contrôle positif) ou l'hydroalcool 5% (contrôle négatif), et ont commencé a effectuer un rinçage supervisé trois fois par jour comme unique méthode d'hygiène buccale. Tous les indices ont été relevés après deux semaines. Comparé au groupe négatif le groupe héxatidine montrait une inhibition et une réduction significatives de la plaque sus-gingivale et de l'inflammation gingivale avec des réductions respectives de 6,3, 33,5 et 56% pour la gingivite, la plaque dentaire et le saignement gingival. Les résultats du groupe chlorhexidine ont été utilisés pour valider cette étude. Celle-ci confirme l'efficacité de l'héxatidine à réduire la plaque dentaire sus-gingivale et l'inflammation gingivale. [source]

Efficacy of a 0.5% chlorhexidine gel on the control of gingivitis in Brazilian mentally handicapped patients

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 6 2003
C. M. Pannuti
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a 0.5% chlorhexidine gel on the reduction of interdental gingival bleeding. Material and Methods: Forty-three mentally handicapped subjects, living in an institution (Casas André Luiz, Brazil), were enrolled in a double-blind randomised clinical trial. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: test (chlorhexidine gel) and control (placebo gel). The gel was applied with trays, twice a day, over a period of 8 weeks. The interdental bleeding index (IBI) was recorded before and after the period in which the gel was used. Results: Statistical analysis showed that baseline IBI scores were similar (p=0.82) for test and control groups (55.6% and 54.5%, respectively). After 8 weeks, a statistically significant (p<0.001) decrease in IBI means took place in the test group (33.2%). The control group presented a small increase (60.6%) in IBI scores. The difference between groups was significant at the end of the study (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results indicated that the use of a 0.5% chlorhexidine gel was effective in reducing interdental gingival bleeding in special patients. Zusammenfassung Die Effizienz von 0,5% Chlorhexidin-Gel bei der Gingivitisprophylaxe von geistig behinderten Kindern in Brasilien Ziel: Die Evaluation der Effektivität von 0,5% Chlorhexidin-Gel bei der Reduktion der approximalen Gingivablutung Material und Methoden: Dreiundvierzig behinderte Kinder einer Institution (Casas André Luiz, Brasilien), wurden in eine randomisierte klinische Doppel-Blind-Studie aufgenommen. Die Teilnehmer wurden randomisiert in zwei Gruppen aufgeteilt: Test (Chlorhexidin-Gel) und Kontrolle (Plazebo-Gel). Während einer Periode von 8 Wochen wurde das Gel zweimal täglich mit Tiefziehschienen appliziert. Der Approximalraum-Blutungs-Index (IBI) wurde vor und nach der Periode, in der das Gel verwendet wurde, erhoben. Ergebnisse: Die statistische Analyse zeigte, dass die Ausgangswerte für den IBI für die Test- und die Kontrollgruppe ähnlich (p=0.82) waren (55,6% bzw. 54,5%). Nach 8 Wochen ergab sich in der Testgruppe ein statistisch signifikanter (p<0,001) Abfall der IBI Mittelwerte (33,2%). Die Kontrollgruppe präsentierte sich mit einer geringen Erhöhung (60,6%) der IBI-Werte. Bei Beendigung der Studie waren die Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen signifikant (p<0,001). Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass bei speziellen Patienten die Verwendung von 0,5% Chlorhexidin-Gel in der Reduktion der approximalen Gingivablutung effektiv war. Résumé Efficacité d'un gel de chlorhexidine à 0.5% sur le contrôle de la gingivite chez des patients brésilien handicapés mentaux. Objectif: Evaluer l'efficacité d'un gel de chlorhexidine à 0.5% sur la réduction du saignement gingival interdentaire. Matériel et Méthodes: 43 sujets handicapés mentaux vivant dans une institution (Casas André Luiz, Brésil), furent enrôlés dans une étude randomisée en double aveugle. Les sujets furent aléatoirement divisés en deux groupes: test (gel de chlorhexidine) et contrôle (gel placebo). Le gel fut appliqué avec des plaques 2 fois par jour pendant 8 semaines. L'indice de saignement interdentaire (IBI) fut enregistré avant et après la période d'utilisation du gel. Résultats: L'analyse statistique a montré que les notes d'IBI initiales étaient similaires (p=0.82) pour les groupes test et contrôle (55.6% et 54.5%, respectivement). Après 8 semaines, une diminution statistiquement significative (p<0.001) de l'IBI moyen apparut dans le groupe test (33.2%). Le groupe contrôle présentait une petite augmentation (60.6%) des notes d' IBI. La différence entre les groupes était significative à la fin de l'étude (p<0.001). Conclusion: Ces résultats indiquent que l'utilisation d'un gel de chlorhexidine à 0.5%était efficace pour réduire le saignement gingival interdentaire chez des patients spéciaux. [source]

Comparison of the bleeding on marginal probing index and the Eastman interdental bleeding index as indicators of gingivitis

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 3 2002
D. S. Barendregt
Abstract Aim: The purpose of the present study was to compare 2 indices, i.e., the Eastman interdental bleeding (EIB) index and the bleeding on marginal probing (BOMP) index. The comparison was made (a) in terms of the degree of bleeding provoked and the relationship with plaque in natural gingivitis and (b) for the ability of these 2 methods to detect differences between the development of experimental gingivitis in a control group and a group in which the development of gingival inflammation was suppressed by treatment. For the present studies, subjects were selected without interdental recession of the gingival tissues. Methods experiment 1: In this experiment, 43 subjects having established moderate gingivitis were assessed using a random splitmouth design (1st and 3rd/2nd and 4th quadrant). Plaque was scored on all approximal sites after which the BOMP index was assessed in one half of the mouth and the EIB index in the other. Results experiment 1: The BOMP index showed a bleeding score of 84% and the EIB index of 87%. The significant correlation between plaque and gingival bleeding for the BOMP index (0.55) was higher than for the EIB index (0.44). Methods experiment 2: For this experiment, 25 subjects participated in an experimental gingivitis trial of the lower jaw. At baseline, first the BOMP index and immediately thereafter the EIB index were assessed at all approximal sites. Experimental gingivitis (EG) was carried out in one randomly assigned quadrant and as a treatment modality only floss was used in the other (FL). Results experiment 2: In the EG quadrant, the BOMP index increased to 69% and the EIB index to 73%. Both indices showed a significant correlation with plaque; 0.60 and 0.64 respectively. In the FL quadrant, the BOMP index increased to 38% and the EIB index to 30%. No significant correlation between both gingivitis indices and the amount of plaque was present in the FL quadrant. Conclusion: The ability of the BOMP index and the EIB index to assess the level gingival inflammation appears to be comparable. Zusammenfassung Ziel: Der Zweck der vorliegenden Studie war es, die 2 Indizes, den Eastman Interdental Bleeding (EIB) Index und den Bleeding On Marginal Probing (BOMB) Index zu vergleichen. Der Vergleich erfolgte. (A) hinsichtlich des provozierten Blutungsgrades und der Relation zwischen Plaque und natürlicher Gingivitis sowie: (B) bezüglich der Fähigkeit dieser 2 Methoden hinsichtlich des Nachweises von Unterschieden zwischen der Entwicklung einer experimentellen Gingivitis in einer Kontrollgruppe und einer Gruppe in der die Ausbildung einer gingivalen Entzündung durch die Behandlung unterdrückt wurde. Für die vorliegende Studie wurden Personen ohne interdentale Gingivarezession ausgewählt. Methoden Experiment 1: Bei diesem Experiment wurden 43 Personen mit etablierter moderater Gingivitis nach einem randomisierten Splitmouth-Design untersucht (1. Und 3./2. Und 4. Quadrant). Die Plaque wurde an allen approximalen Flächen bestimmt und anschließend wurde BOMP-Index in der einen Hälfte des Gebisses und der EIB-Index in der anderen erhoben. Ergebnisse Experiment 1: Der BOMP-Index zeigte einen Blutungswert von 84% und der EIB-Index einen von 87%. Die signifikante Korrelation zwischen der Plaque und einer gingivalen Blutung war für den BOMP-Index (0.55) höher als für den EIB-Index (0.44). Methoden Experiment 2: Für diese Experiment wurde bei 25 Personen eine experimentelle Gingivitis im Unterkiefer erzeugt. Bei der Eingangsuntersuchung wurde an allen Approximalflächen zuerst der BOMP-Index und sofort anschließend der EIB-Index erhoben. Die experimentelle Gingivitis (EG) wurde in einem randomisiert bestimmten Quadranten erzeugt und als Behandlungsart wurde im anderen Quadranten nur Zahnseide (FL) verwendet. Ergebnisse Experiment 2: Im EG-Quadranten stiegen der BOMP-Index auf 69% und der EIB-Index auf 73% an. Beide Indizes zeigten eine signifikante Korrelation mit der Plaque, die bei 0.60 bzw. 0.64 lag. Im FL-Quadranten stiegen der BOMP-Index auf 38% und der EIB-Index auf 30% an. Zwischen beiden Gingivitis-Indizes und der Plaquemenge, die im FL-Quadranten vorhanden war, gab es keine signifikante Korrelation. Schlussfolgerung: Die Möglichkeit mit dem BOMP-Index und den EIB-Index das Niveau der gingivalen Entzündung zu Bestimmen scheint vergleichbar zu sein. Résumé But: Le but de cette étude a été de comparer 2 indices, c-à-d. l'indice du saignement interdentaire d'Eastman (EIB) et l'indice du saignement au sondage marginal (BOMP). La comparaison a été effectuée (a) en termes de saignement provoqué et de relation avec la plaque dentaire dans la gingivite naturelle et (b) sur l'aptitude de ces 2 méthodes à détecter des différences lors du dévelopment d'une gingivite expérimentale dans un groupe contrôle et dans un groupe test dont le dévelopement de l'inflammation gingivale a été entravé par un traitement. Pour ces études, des sujets qui ne présentaient pas de récession interdentaire ont été sélectionnés. Méthodes, expérience 1: Dans la première expérimentation, 43 sujets étant porteurs d'une gingivite modérée ont été enregistrés en utilisant un modèle de bouche divisée au hasard (1er et 3ième quadrants VS 2ième et 4ième quadrants). La plaque dentaire a été estimée sur tous les sites interproximaux. Résultats expérience 1: L'indice BOMP a ensuite été relevé sur une partie de la bouche et l'indice EIB sur l'autre. L'indice BOMP a eu un score de 84% et l'EIB de 87%. La corrélation significative entre la présence de plaque dentaire et le saignement gingival était pour l'indice BOMP de 0.55, supérieur donc à celui de l'EIB qui était de 0.44. Méthodes expérience 2: Lors de la seconde expérience, 25 sujets ont participéà une gingivite expérimentale au niveau de la mandibule. Lors de l'examen de départ l'indice BOMP a été relevé en premier suivi de celui de l'EIB au niveau de tous les sites interproximaux. La gingivite expérimentale (EG) a été effectuée sur un quadrant choisi de manière randomisée et un traitement avec de la soie dentaire uniquement a été utilisé dans l'autre (FL). Résultats expérience 2: Dans le quadrant avec EG l'indice BOMP atteignait 69% et l'indice EIB à 73%. Les deux indices avaient une corrélation significative avec la plaque dentaire, respectivement de 0.60 et 0.64. Dans le quadrant FL, l'indice BOMP grimpait à 38% et l'indice EIB à 30%. Aucune corrélation significative entre les deux indices de gingivite et la quantité de plaque n'a été trouvé dans le quadrant FL. Conclusions: L'aptitude des indices BOMP et EIB à mesurer le niveau d'inflammation gingivale semble comparable. [source]

Clinical and microbial evaluation of a histatin-containing mouthrinse in humans with experimental gingivitis: a phase-2 multi-center study

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 2 2002
Thomas Van Dyke
Abstract Objective: P-113, a 12 amino acid histatin-based peptide, was evaluated in a mouthrinse formulation for safety and efficacy in a phase 2 multi-center clinical study. Method: 294 healthy subjects abstained from oral hygiene procedures and self-administered either 0.01% P-113, 0.03% P-113 or placebo mouthrinse formulations twice daily over a 4-week treatment period. During this time, the safety, anti-gingivitis, and anti-plaque effects of P-113 were evaluated. Results: There was a significant reduction in the change from baseline to Day 22 in bleeding on probing in the 0.01% P-113 treatment group of the intent to treat population (p=0.049). Non-significant trends in the reduction of the other parameters were observed in this population (p0.159). A sub-group of subjects which developed significant levels of disease within the four-week timeframe of the study was identified based on baseline gingival index scores 0.75. Significant findings were observed for bleeding on probing, gingival index and plaque index within this population (p<0.05). There were no treatment-related adverse events, and there were no adverse shifts in supragingival microflora during the study. Significant amounts of the peptide were retained in the oral cavity following rinsing. Conclusion: These data suggest that P-113 mouthrinse is safe and reduces the development of gingival bleeding, gingivitis and plaque in the human experimental gingivitis model. Zusammenfassung Ziel: In einer klinischen Phase-2 Multicenter-Studie wurde P-113, ein 12-Aminosäure-Histatin basierendes Peptid bezüglich Sicherheit und Effektivität in einer Mundspüllösung evaluiert. Methode:Für eine Behandlungszeitraum von 4 Monaten enthielten sich 294 Personen den Mundhygienemaßnahmen und spülten 2× täglich entweder mit 0.01% P-113, 0.03% P-113 oder mit einer Plazebolösung. Während dieser Zeit wurden die Sicherheit von P-113 sowie sein anti-Gingivitis- und sein anti-Plaqueeffekt evaluiert. Ergebnisse: In der 0.01% P-113-Behandlungsgruppe, der Population die behandelt werden sollte gab es eine signifikante Reduktion (p=0.049) der Veränderung zwischen Ausgangswert und Tag-22-Wert der Sondierungsblutung. In dieser Population wurden nichtsignifikante Trends in der Reduktion der anderen Parameter beobachtet (p0.159). Eine Untergruppe der Personen, welche während des vierwöchigen Zeitraumes ein signifikantes Erkrankungsniveau entwickelte, wurde auf der Grundlage eines Ausgangswertes für den Gingiva-Index von 0.75 identifiziert. Innerhalb dieser Population wurden signifikante Ergebnisse (p<0.05) für die Sondierungsblutung, den Gingiva-Index und den Plaque-Index beobachtet. Während dieser Studie gab es keine durch die Behandlung verursachten Nebenwirkungen und es gab keine unerwünschte Verschiebung der supragingivalen Mikroflora. Nach dem Spülen verblieb eine signifikante Menge des Peptids in der Mundhöhle. Schlussfolgerung: Diese Daten lassen annehmen, dass eine P-113-Mundspülössung sicher ist und die Entwicklung der Gingivablutung, Gingivitis und Plaque in einem humanen experimentellen Gingivitismodel hemmt. Résumé But: Le P-113, un peptide contenant de l'histatine a étéévalué dans un bain de bouche pour sa sécurité et son efficacité dans une étude multicentrique phase 2. Méthode. 294 sujets sains ont arrête toute hygiène buccale et se sont rincé avec soit 15 ml de P-113 0.01%, 15 ml de P-113 0.03% ou 15 ml d'une solution placebo 2× par jour durant une période de 4 semaines. Pendant ce temps, les effets anti-plaque et anti-gingivite, la sécurité ont étéévalués. Résultats: Il y avait une réduction significative entre l'examen de départ et le jour 22 dans le saignement au sondage dans le groupe P-113 0.01% (p=0.049). Aucune tendance significative dans la réduction des autres paramètres n'a été observée dans cette population (p0.159). Un sous-groupe de sujets qui développaient des niveaux significatifs de maladie durant ces 4 semaines a été identifié sur base de leur indice gingival initial 0.75. Des découvertes significatives ont été observées pour le saignement au sondage, l'indice gingival et l'indice de plaque dentaire dans cette population (p<0.05). Il n'y a eu aucun signe négatif dû au traitement ni aucune variation négative dans la flore sus-gingivale durant l'étude. Des quantités significatives du peptide ont été retenues dans la cavité buccale après rincage. Conclusion: Ces donnés suggèrent que le rincage au P-113 est sûr et réduit le dévelopement du saignement gingival, la gingivite et la plaque dentaire dans le modèle de la gingivite expérimentale humaine. [source]

Stain, plaque and gingivitis reduction by combining chlorhexidine and peroxyborate

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 1 2000
L. J. M. M. Gründemann
Abstract Background: Previous studies have shown that using an oxidising agent in addition to chlorhexidine reduces staining. Aim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether, compared to chlorhexidine alone, the use of an oxidising mouthrinse as an adjunct to chlorhexidine is efficacious in reducing stain, plaque and gingivitis. Method: This study had a single-blind, 2-group parallel design, including a 14-day experimental non-brushing period during which 1 group (n=14) used chlorhexidine alone (CHX) (chlorhexidine mouthrinse, 0.12% Oral-B® laboratories, Ireland), and the other (n=14) used chlorhexidine in combination with an oxidising agent (sodiumperborate-monohydrate-Bocasan®, Oral-B laboratories, Ireland). Patients were randomly assigned to either group. All participants received a scaling and polishing before the start of the trial. No oral hygiene instructions were given. Since, at the start of the experiment, all stain and plaque were removed, only the gingival condition was evaluated at baseline by means of bleeding on marginal probing. The examination after 14 days of rinsing included the evaluation of plaque, bleeding on marginal probing and stain (GMSI: gingival modification of the stain index). Results: The results showed at day 14, a significant difference between the 2 groups for plaque (CHX: 0.18, CHX+PER: 0.08, p=0.03) and gingival bleeding (CHX: 0.38, CHX+PER: 0.21, p<0.001). The proportion of stained surfaces was less in the CHX+PER group (28%), than in the chlorhexidine group (48%) (p=0.04). Conclusions: In conclusion, the adjunctive use of an oxidising agent peroxyborate to chlorhexidine, proved to be superior to chlorhexidine alone with regard to the inhibition of plaque and development of gingivitis. In addition, the proportion of stained surfaces was significantly less when adding the oxidising mouthrinse to chlorhexidine. [source]

Quantitative analysis of association between herpesviruses and bacterial pathogens in periodontitis

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH, Issue 3 2008
I. Saygun
Background and Objective:, The development of human periodontitis may depend upon cooperative interactions among herpesviruses, specific pathogenic bacteria and tissue-destructive inflammatory mediators. This study sought to identify associations among human cytomegalovirus, Epstein,Barr virus and six putative periodontopathic bacteria in periodontitis lesions. Material and Methods:, Fifteen periodontitis patients (nine with aggressive periodontitis and six with chronic periodontitis) and 15 periodontally normal subjects were included in the study. In each study subject, a microbiological sample was collected, using a curette, from the deepest periodontal probing depth of the dentition. A real-time TaqMan® polymerase chain reaction assay was employed to determine the subgingival counts of human cytomegalovirus, Epstein,Barr virus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Campylobacter rectus. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t -test, the Pearson correlation coefficient test and the single variable logistic regression test for odds ratio-based risk calculation. Results:, Human cytomegalovirus was detected in eight periodontitis lesions and in one normal periodontal site, Epstein,Barr virus was detected in nine periodontitis lesions and in two normal periodontal sites, and the study bacteria were detected in 6,15 periodontitis lesions and in 1,11 normal periodontal sites. Correlations were found between counts of human cytomegalovirus and Epstein,Barr virus, between counts of human cytomegalovirus and P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and C. rectus, and between counts of Epstein,Barr virus and P. gingivalis and T. forsythia. Human cytomegalovirus and Epstein,Barr virus counts were also positively associated with the level of periodontal attachment loss, probing pocket depth and gingival bleeding on probing. Conclusion:, This study confirmed that periodontal human cytomegalovirus and Epstein,Barr virus are associated with major periodontopathic bacteria and with the severity of periodontal disease. The finding of abundant herpesviruses in periodontitis lesions redefines the pathogenic paradigm of the disease. Understanding the interplay between herpesviruses and specific bacterial species in the pathogenesis of periodontitis may form the basis for new approaches to preventing, reducing or delaying tissue breakdown from periodontal infections. [source]

Salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-8) levels and gelatinase (MMP-9) activities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH, Issue 5 2000
Hanna-Leena Collin
We studied the salivary levels and activities of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in 45 type 2 diabetic patients and 77 control subjects. The patients' mean glycosylated haemoglobin (HbAlc) was 8.7%, indicating an unsatisfactory metabolic control of the disease. The MMP levels were further related to the clinical and microbiological periodontal findings as well as to salivary flow rate and other factors. The salivary flow rate, albumin and amylase concentrations were similar in type 2 diabetic patients to those in the control group. The mean gingival and periodontal pocket indexes were higher in the diabetes group. The number of potential periodontopathogenic bacteria was lower, however, in the diabetic than in the control group. Zymography and immunoblotting revealed that the major MMPs in the type 2 diabetic patients' saliva were MMP-8 and MMP-9. Salivary MMP levels and activities in type 2 diabetic patients were in general similar to those in the control group. However, the correlation coefficients using multiple regression analysis revealed that gingival bleeding, pocket depths and HbAlc were associated with increased MMP-8 levels which, in turn, were negatively predicted by elevated plasma lipid peroxide levels in the diabetic group. Our data on salivary MMP-8 and -9 do not support the concept of generalized neutrophil dysfunction in unbalanced diabetes. Moreover, plasma lipid peroxidation levels reflecting the increased oxidative burden, which is generated mainly by triggered neutrophils, do not indicate neutrophil dysfunction due to diabetes, but may rather be related to the increased tissue damage in an uncontrolled disease. However, advanced periodontitis in type 2 diabetes seems to be related to elevated salivary MMP-8 levels which might be useful in monitoring periodontal disease in diabetes. [source]

The RprY response regulator of Porphyromonas gingivalis

MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 4 2007
Ana E. Duran-Pinedo
Summary Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative oral anaerobe associated with chronic adult periodontitis. Its ecological niche is the gingival crevice, where the organism adapts to the challenges of the infectious process such as host defence and bacterial products. Bacterial responses to environmental changes are partly regulated by two-component signal transduction systems. Several intact systems were annotated in the genome of P. gingivalis, as well as an orphan regulator encoding a homologue of RprY, a response regulator from Bacteroides fragilis. With the goal of defining the environmental cues that activate RprY in P. gingivalis, we used several strategies to identify its regulon. Results from gene expression and DNA,protein binding assays identified target genes that were either involved in transport functions or associated with oxidative stress, and indicated that RprY can act as an activator and a repressor. RprY positively activated the primary sodium pump, NADH : ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NQR), and RprY protein also interacted with the promoter regions of nqrA genes from B. fragilis and Vibrio cholerae. Given that gingival bleeding and infiltration of host defence cells are symptoms of periodontal infection, iron products released from blood and reactive oxygen species from polymorphonuclear leucocytes may be potential inducers of the RprY regulon. [source]

Langerhans cell histiocytosis: oral/periodontal involvement in adult patients

ORAL DISEASES, Issue 8 2009
S Annibali
Objective:, Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a clonal proliferative multisystem disease. Although bone and mucosae have been classified as non-risk organs, their involvement may increase the risk of disease progression. Oral and periodontal lesions are burdened with a significant impairment of quality of life for associated signs, symptoms and loss of function. Most of information regards paediatric disease; the disease in adults has received limited attention. Subjects and Methods:, A total of 31 adult patients affected by immuno-histopathology confirmed LCH have been prospectively examined; attention was paid to the occurrence and characterization of oral lesions. Results:, Twelve patients developed oral lesions. Posterior regions of jawbones were always affected; the involvement of anterior regions was not constant. Unifocal oral involvement was significantly associated with multisystemic disease while multifocal lesions were associated with unisystemic disease. Oral disease presented with soft tissue ulcers (50% of cases), gingival bleeding (66.7%), pain (83.4%), periodontal damage (50%), tooth mobility (16.7%), non-healing extraction socket (8.3%); 41.6% of patients complained of negative outcomes on quality of life. Oral lesions were easily handled with local measures. Conclusions:, Posterior regions require attention; single oral lesions may be part of multisystemic disease; oral and periodontal lesions may be early signs of disease reactivation. [source]

Anti,c-Mpl (thrombopoietin receptor) autoantibody,induced amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia in a patient with systemic sclerosis

ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 6 2003
Yasuhiro Katsumata
Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (AMT) associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc) has been described in several case reports, but the underlying mechanisms have not been identified. Here we describe a rare case of SSc accompanied by thrombocytopenia and megakaryocytic hypoplasia, in which autoantibody against thrombopoietin receptor (c-Mpl) was detected. A 61-year-old woman with limited SSc was admitted to our hospital because of severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count 0.2 × 104/mm3) with gingival bleeding. Her bone marrow was hypocellular with absent megakaryocytes, consistent with AMT. Treatment with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin infusions resulted in an increased platelet count, and she sustained a remission over a 1-year period, with a platelet count averaging 10.0 × 104/mm3. Her serum was strongly positive for anti,c-Mpl antibody, and IgG fraction purified from her serum inhibited thrombopoietin-dependent cell proliferation in vitro. Our case report suggests that AMT in patients with SSc could be mediated by the anti,c-Mpl antibody, which functionally blocks an interaction between thrombopoietin and c-Mpl. [source]

Self-reported and clinically determined oral health status predictors for quality of life in dentate older migrant adults

COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 1 2008
R. Mariño
Abstract,,, Objective:, This paper reports the impact of oral health on the quality of life (QOL) of Southern European, dentate older adults, living independently in Melbourne, Australia. Participants were recruited through ethnic social clubs and interviewed about oral health, general health, socio-demographics, and QOL using the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 12 (SF-12). The SF-12's physical and mental health component summary scores (PCS and MCS, respectively) were computed. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) assessed the specific impact of oral health on QOL. Participants were also given a clinical oral examination. Results:, A total of 603 eligible older adults volunteered; 308 were from Greek background and 295 were from Italian background. Mean age was 67.7 years (SD 6.2), with 63.7% being female. The PCS score had a mean value of 45.8 (SD 11.8), and MCS had a mean of 47.8 (SD 5.7). PCS was associated with, periodontal status, chronic health condition, self-perceived oral health needs, self-assessed oral health status, oral health impact score and the interaction between gender and level of education [F(11 552) = 10.57; P < 0.0001]. These independent variables accounted for 16% of the variance in PCS. The multivariate model predicting MCS had only one significant variable (self-reported gingival bleeding), explaining 1.5% of the variance. The OHIP-14 ranged from 0 to 48 with a mean score of 5.6 (SD 9.3). The model predicting OHIP-14 contained four significant variables: perceived oral health treatment needs, number of missing natural teeth, reports of having to sip liquid to help swallow food, and gender [F(4576) = 33.39; P < 0.0001], and explained 18% of the variance. The results demonstrated a negative association between oral health indicators and both the oral health-related QOL and the physical component of the SF-12. Conclusion:, The present findings support a growing recognition of the importance of oral health as a mediator of QOL. However, the self-selected sample and modest predictive power of the multivariate models suggest that further research is needed to expand this explanatory model. [source]

Baseline characteristics of participants in the oral health component of the Women's Interagency HIV Study

COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 2 2004
Roseann Mulligan
Abstract ,,, Objectives:, This study described baseline sociodemographic and oral health characteristics of a subset of HIV sero-positive and sero-negative women who participated in the oral health component of the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Methods: In 1995,96, 584 HIV sero-positive and 151 sero-negative women from five WIHS core sites were enrolled in the oral study. Data on oral mucosa, salivary glands, dentition and periodontium, along with demographics, socioeconomics, and behavioral characteristics, were used to characterize this population. Results:, Mean (SD) age was 37 (8) years for HIV sero-positive and 36 (8) years for sero-negative women; 27% of sero-positive women had CD4 counts ,200 and 34% had viral loads >50 000 copies/ml. Sero-positive and sero-negative women were similar demographically, as well as on plaque index, gingival bleeding, linear gingival banding, and numbers of DMF teeth and surfaces, but sero-positive women had more abnormal gingival papilla (P = 0.004) and fewer teeth (P = 0.01). Among sero-positive women, those with <200 CD4 counts had more DMF teeth (P = 0.007), and the number of DMF surfaces increased with decreasing CD4 counts (P = 0.04). Sero-positive women who fit the Center for Disease Control (CDC) AIDS criteria were also more likely to have more DMF teeth (P = 0.004), DMF surfaces (P = 0.003), and decayed and/or filled (DF) root surfaces (P = 0.0002) compared to sero-positive women without AIDS. Conclusions:, Dental and periodontal variables showed little difference between HIV sero-positive and sero-negative women. Among sero-positive women, there were significant differences in coronal and root caries by AIDS diagnostic criteria, but no periodontal indicators by either AIDS diagnostic criteria or CD4 status, were observed. [source]