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General Perception (general + perception)
Selected AbstractsThe Opening of Higher Education to Women in Nineteenth Century England: ,Unexpected Revolution' or Inevitable Change?HIGHER EDUCATION QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2002Deirdre Raftery The nineteenth century movement to open higher education to women in England has been the subject of much scholarship in the last two decades. Studies of individual colleges have added to the corpus of research on how women were provided with formal higher education at this time. However, scholars offer differing theories as to why radical changes in the higher education of women took place when they did. This paper offers a synthesis of these various theories, and challenges the general perception that the opening of higher education to women was an ,unexpected revolution' (Bryant, 1987). [source] Impact of improved phosphite hydrolytic stability on the processing stabilization of polypropyleneJOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY, Issue 4 2005Brian Johnson It is well known that some high-performance phosphite antioxidants are particularly sensitive to hydrolysis. This process has two principal consequences: 1) the creation of potential handling issues, as the product can become sticky, and 2) a possible loss in the performance of this type of antioxidant. In this article both of these are addressed. First, changes in the hydrolytic stability of a high-performance phosphite are examined by formulating with co-additives of different chemical natures. Second, changes in the hydrolytic stability of the phosphite when using different additive physical forms are investigated. Third, the influence of hydrolysis on the processing stabilization performance of the high-performance phosphite is evaluated. It is seen that the rate of hydrolysis of the high-performance phosphite is drastically reduced both by altering the physical form of the additive package and by the correct selection of the co-additive package. This selection not only extends the storage life of the high-performance phosphite but also minimizes the risk of any handling issues. Furthermore, it is concluded that hydrolysis does not necessarily mean a loss in performance but, contrary to general perception, can actually lead to an enhancement of the processing stability. The final conclusion of this study is that the hydrolysis mechanism of the phosphite is strongly influenced by the physical form of the additive package and by the chemical nature of the co-additives. This difference in mechanism is responsible for a different level of processing performance but is not discussed in detail in this publication. J. VINYL. ADDIT. TECHNOL. 11:136,142, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers. [source] Regional Cultural Differences and Ethical Perspectives within the United States: Avoiding Pseudo-emic Ethics ResearchBUSINESS AND SOCIETY REVIEW, Issue 1 2010BRENT MACNAB ABSTRACT National cultures are often described as if they were homogeneous in spite of notable regional differences. As one example, there are significant differences between two distinct regions of the United States, Hawaii and Florida. This study provides a platform to exemplify a more regionally aware position for cultural and ethics research. Using select Hofstede cultural dimensions, regional differences were found in relation to both collectivism/individualism and uncertainty avoidance. The Hawaii sample had higher levels of collectivism and uncertainty avoidance, demonstrating unique regional-cultural patterns within the United States. Regional samples were examined for potential differences in their general perception of what constitutes ethical business practice. While honesty appeared as a key trait across samples, significant differences emerged in the magnitude of importance between samples for integrity (which was more significant for the Hawaii sample) and loyalty (which was more significant for the Florida sample). [source] The prematurity stereotype in Israeli health care providersMEDICAL EDUCATION, Issue 2 2001Marilyn Stern Research on the prematurity stereotype was extended by randomly assigning 158 Israeli medical and nursing students to view full-term infants labelled either ,full-term' (FTL) or ,premature' (PL). One-half of the students were additionally assigned to a goal condition in which they were informed that their judgements would be evaluated for their accuracy. Overall, students were found to show strong stereotyping effects, rating PL infants more negatively than FTL infants when asked questions about their expectations for the infants' growth and development as well as their expectations for how mothers of these infants might behave during a medically related contact concerning her infant. However, the content of the stereotype varied across type of health care provider when general perceptions of the infants' status characteristics were elicited, with pre-clinical medical students showing greater levels of stereotyping than upper level students. Only limited effects involving the goal condition were found. When communicating with mothers, upper level students reported that they would respond more time-expediently and pre-clinical students reported that they would show more empathy. The findings emphasize the important role stereotypes play in interpersonal processes, including caregiver,patient interactions. Implications for medical education and practice are discussed. [source] Developing an Oral Communication Strategy InventoryMODERN LANGUAGE JOURNAL, Issue 2 2006YASUO NAKATANI This study focuses on how valid information about learner perception of strategy use during communicative tasks can be gathered systematically from English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. First, the study attempted to develop a questionnaire for statistical analysis, named the Oral Communication Strategy Inventory (OCSI). The research project consisted of 3 stages: an open-ended questionnaire to identify learners' general perceptions of strategies for oral interaction (N= 80); a pilot factor analysis for selecting test items (N= 400); and a final factor analysis to obtain a stable self-reported instrument (N= 400). The resulting OCSI includes 8 categories of strategies for coping with speaking problems and 7 categories for coping with listening problems during communication. The applicability of the survey instrument was subsequently examined in a simulated communicative test for EFL students (N= 62). To validate the use of the instrument, participant reports on the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) were compared with the result of the OCSI. When combined with the oral test scores, it was revealed that students with high oral proficiency tended to use specific strategies, such as social affective strategies, fluency-oriented strategies, and negotiation of meaning. [source] Risk and panic in late modernity: implications of the converging sites of social anxietyTHE BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY, Issue 1 2003Sean P. Hier ABSTRACT Comparing moral panic with the potential catastrophes of the risk society, Sheldon Ungar contends that new sites of social anxiety emerging around nuclear, medical, environmental and chemical threats have thrown into relief many of the questions motivating moral panic research agendas. He argues that shifting sites of social anxiety necessitate a rethinking of theoretical, methodological and conceptual issues related to processes of social control, claims making and general perceptions of public safety. This paper charts an alternative trajectory, asserting that analytic priority rests not with an understanding of the implications of changing but converging sites of social anxiety. Concentrating on the converging sites of social anxiety in late modernity, the analysis forecasts a proliferation of moral panics as an exaggerated symptom of the heightened sense of uncertainty purported to accompany the ascendency of the risk society. [source] | ||||||||||