George Washington (george + washington)

Distribution by Scientific Domains


Selected Abstracts


Patriarchs and republicans: eighteenth-century Virginian planters and classical politics

HISTORICAL RESEARCH, Issue 194 2003
Enrico Dal Lago
This article argues that the metaphor of George Washington as Father of his Country, or Pater Patriae, must be seen in the context of the culture of the eighteenth-century Virginian planter élite. Classical education and English commonwealthmen's writings had given most planters familiarity with Roman republican figures such as Cicero, who first bore the title of Pater Patriae, and had prompted them to consider independence and disinterestedness for the sake of public good as the most important signs of virtue in the optimal republican citizen. At the same time, patriarchalism , the prominent ethos among Virginian planters , dictated that the representatives of the upper classes ought to display their virtue through an attitude of benevolence towards the lower strata of society, and especially towards the slaves. [source]


The Colors of Double Exceptionalism , The Founders and African America

LITERATURE COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2008
Robert Oscar Lopez
This essay examines American exceptionalism and the African American response to it, from Phillis Wheatley to W. E. B. Du Bois. The author argues that African Americans formed a double exceptionalism that is most clearly evident in the way that they remember and revise the legacies of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. [source]


Presidential IQ, Openness, Intellectual Brilliance, and Leadership: Estimates and Correlations for 42 U.S. Chief Executives

POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2006
Dean Keith Simonton
Individual differences in intelligence are consistently associated with leader performance, including the assessed performance of presidents of the United States. Given this empirical significance, IQ scores were estimated for all 42 chief executives from George Washington to G. W. Bush. The scores were obtained by applying missing-values estimation methods (expectation-maximization) to published assessments of (a) IQ (Cox, 1926; n = 8), (b) Intellectual Brilliance (Simonton, 1986c; n = 39), and (c) Openness to Experience (Rubenzer & Faschingbauer, 2004; n = 32). The resulting scores were then shown to correlate with evaluations of presidential leadership performance. The implications for George W. Bush and his presidency were then discussed. [source]


Presidential Difference in the Early Republic: The Highly Disparate Leadership Styles of Washington, Adams, and Jefferson

PRESIDENTIAL STUDIES QUARTERLY, Issue 3 2006
FRED I. GREENSTEIN
The absence of well-established political precedents and norms presented the early American presidents with the political equivalent of a Rorschach test. This made for highly diverse leadership styles, as can be seen by comparing the leadership of George Washington, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson. This article makes such a comparison, doing so on the basis of cognitive style, emotional intelligence, public communication, organizational capacity, political skill, and policy vision. [source]


George Washington, Presidential Term Limits, and the Problem of Reluctant Political Leadership

PRESIDENTIAL STUDIES QUARTERLY, Issue 3 2001
BRUCE G. PEABODY
The widespread view of the relationship between George Washington and the American custom of limited presidential service is misconceived. Conventional popular and scholarly accounts of the "two-term tradition" confuse both Washington's position on presidential term limits and the historical contours of this custom. The American convention limiting the number of terms a president could serve emerged less from Washington's views about political service than from deep-seated anxieties about centralized governing power (and specifically executive power). These concerns, along with an enduring American ambivalence about public service (reflected in Washington's retirement), continue to shape the character of both our political life and public discourse. [source]