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Gel Form (gel + form)
Selected AbstractsApplication of chitosan gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitisJOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH, Issue 2 2007Hakan Ak Abstract Local administration of antibiotics in periodontal therapy can be provided with an appropriate delivery system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of chitosan, both as a carrier in gel form and as an active agent in the treatment of chronic periodontitis (CP). The chitosan gel (1% w/w) incorporated with or without 15% metronidazole was prepared and applied adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP) in comparison to SRP alone (control group-C), in CP patients. The clinical parameters such as probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level, the amount of gingival recession, plaque index, gingival index, and gingival bleeding time index were recorded at baseline and at weeks 6, 12, and 24. In all groups, significant improvements were observed in clinical parameters between baseline and week 24 (p < 0.05). The reductions in PD values were 1.21 mm for Ch, 1.48 mm for Ch + M, and 0.94 mm for C groups. No complications related to the chitosan were observed in patients throughout the study period. It is suggested that chitosan itself is effective as well as its combination with metronidazole in CP treatment due to its antimicrobial properties. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007 [source] Randomized comparison of dry tablet insertion versus gel form of vaginal misoprostol for second trimester pregnancy terminationJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 2 2008Saipin Pongsatha Abstract Aim:, To compare the effectiveness of vaginal misoprostol between dry tablet insertion and gel form for second trimester pregnancy termination. Methods:, A non-blinded block randomized controlled trial was conducted on 148 pregnant women with live fetuses in the second trimester undergoing pregnancy termination. They were randomly allocated to receive vaginal misoprostol (400 ,g) either dry tablet insertion (n = 72) or gel form (n = 76). The same dose was then repeated every 3 h if adequate uterine contraction was not achieved until 48 h after the initiation of misoprostol. If abortion did not occur within this period, the treatment was considered a failure and other technique of termination was then given based on the decision of the attending physicians and the cervical status. Results:, The mean induction,abortion interval in group 1 (20.9 ± 12.3 h) was not significantly different from that in group 2 (17.7 ± 10.2 h). The mean total dose of misoprostol was also not significantly different between the two groups (group 1, 1556.9 ,g; group 2, 1350.9 ,g), but the adverse effects of misoprostol (chill and diarrhoea) were more common in the gel group. Conclusion:, Tablet insertion or gel form of vaginal misoprostol have similar effectiveness but the gel form was associated with more common adverse effects. [source] Photodynamic therapy with topical 5-aminolevulinic acid as a post-operative adjuvant therapy for an incompletely resected primary nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma: A case reportLASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE, Issue 5 2006Cheng-Ping Wang MD Abstract Background and Objectives Surgical excision of primary nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma is sometimes incomplete with remaining microscopic disease. Post-operative radiotherapy only has limited efficacy but may cause many complications. Study Design/Materials and Methods Photodynamic therapy (PDT) was used as a post-operative adjuvant therapy for an incompletely resected primary nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma. A special form of 20% topical 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), which was originally a liquid form and became a gel form after applied on the nasopharynx, was used as the photosensitizer. A 2-mm optic fiber delivered the light (633 nm wavelength) to the lesion with a fluence rate of 100 mW/cm2 generated by a diode laser under 5 mm 0° endoscope assistance. The total energy delivered was 150 joules/cm2. Results No significant acute side effect was noted and the nasopharyngeal wound healed rapidly. The patient is alive without locoregional recurrence or distant metastasis for 5 years. Articulation, salivation, and swallowing functions are all well preserved. Conclusion Post-operative adjuvant PDT can successfully cure an otherwise difficult to treat disease with preservation of good life quality of the patient. Potential complications of PDT (e.g., photosensitivity) can be prevented by a special formulation of topical 5-ALA preparation. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Efficacy of topical griseofulvin in treatment of tinea corporisMYCOSES, Issue 3 2006Mohamed A. A. Kassem Summary Tinea infections are among the most common dermatological conditions throughout the world. Griseofulvin is a classical oral fungistatic antibiotic, active against Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton and Microsporum species, the causative fungi of tinea corporis. To evaluate the efficacy of topical griseofulvin in the treatment of tinea circinata using three different vehicles for drug delivery. Sixteen patients with tinea circinata were instructed to apply either griseofulvin gel form in group A or a similar placebo gel for control group; a niosomal gel formulation of griseofulvin for group B or; a liposomal gel formulation of griseofulvin for group C. Patients were evaluated both clinically and mycologically after 3 weeks. Marked improvement was seen for groups A, B and C both clinically and mycologically while no improvement was observed in the placebo group. Mild and transient irritation was reported in four patients. Our results show that topical griseofulvin preparations may be effective and safe in treating tinea circinata and that further large-scale studies may establish the high efficacy of the niosomal gel formulation. [source] Vibrational Spectroscopic Studies on the Disulfide Formation and Secondary Conformational Changes of Captopril,HSA Mixture after UV-B IrradiationPHOTOCHEMISTRY & PHOTOBIOLOGY, Issue 6 2005Mei-Jane Li ABSTRACT The effects of pH and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation on the secondary structure of human serum albumin (HSA) in the absence or presence of captopril were investigated by an attenuated total reflection (ATR)/Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The UV-B exposure affecting the stability of captopril before and after captopril,HSA interaction was also examined by using confocal Raman microspectroscopy. The results indicate that the transparent pale-yellow solution for captopril,HSA mixture in all pH buffer solutions, except pH 5.0,7.0, changed into a viscous form then a gel form with UV-B exposure time. The secondary structural transformation of HSA in the captopril,HSA mixture with or without UV-B irradiation was found to shift the maxima amide I peak in IR spectra from 1652 cm,1 assigned to ,-helix structure to 1622 cm,1 because of a ,-sheet structure, which was more evident in pH 3.0, 8.0 or 9.0 buffer solutions. The Raman shift from 1653 cm,1 (,-helix) to 1670 cm,1 (,-sheet) also confirmed this result. Captopril dissolved in distilled water with or without UV-B irradiation was determined to form a captopril disulfide observed from the Raman spectra of 512 cm,1, which was exacerbated by UV-B irradiation. There was little disulfide formation in the captopril,HSA mixture even with long-term UV-B exposure, but captopril might interact with HSA to change the protein secondary structure of HSA whether there was UV-B irradiation or not. The pH of the buffer solution and captopril,HSA interaction may play more important roles in transforming the secondary structure of HSA from ,-helix to ,-sheet in the corresponding captopril,HSA mixture than UV-B exposure. The present study also implies that HSA has the capability to protect the instability of captopril in the course of UV-B irradiation. In addition, a partial unfolding of HSA induced by pH or captopril-HSA interaction under UV-B exposure is proposed. [source] | ||||||||||