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Gastric Tube (gastric + tube)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences85%

Terms modified by Gastric Tube

  • gastric tube insertion
    		•
  • gastric tube placement
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    Recurrence of intramucosal esophageal adenocarcinoma arising in a former esophagostomy site: a unique case report

    DISEASES OF THE ESOPHAGUS, Issue 6 2009
    J. M. Leers
    SUMMARY., A 75-year-old male with a long history of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms developed adenocarcinoma proximally within a long segment of Barrett's esophagus. He was taken for esophagectomy and gastric pull-up, but intraoperatively, he was found to have a marginal blood supply in the gastric tube. A temporary left-sided esophagostomy was created with the gastric tube sutured to the left sternocleidomastoid muscle in the neck. Pathology showed an intramucosal adenocarcinoma, limited to the muscularis mucosa with surrounding high-grade dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia. The proximal esophageal margin showed no tumor cells, but there was low-grade dysplasia within Barrett's esophagus. He was reconstructed after several months, and 2 years after reconstruction, the patient noticed a nodule at the former esophagostomy site. Biopsy revealed an implant metastasis of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Here, we review the literature and discuss the possible etiology. [source]

    Perfusional evaluation of postesophagectomy gastroplasty with a radioisotopic study

    DISEASES OF THE ESOPHAGUS, Issue 6 2008
    G. Gabiatti
    SUMMARY., Anastomotic fistula represents one of the frequent causes of postoperative morbidity and mortality following transhiatal esophageal resections. The main etiological factor is the ischemia of the gastric tube created for digestive transit reconstruction. Evidence suggests that per operative hypoperfusion can be maintained or even impaired after the surgery. Several methods have been employed in an attempt to assess the blood perfusion of the gastric flap, but they all pose limitations. However, there is a chronological relationship between perfusion assessments, which are almost exclusively performed per operatively, and the occurrence of a leak, which commonly appears several days after the surgery. The authors have developed a method of gastric perfusion evaluation by single photon emission computed tomography scintigraphy, which corrects that temporal matter, allowing the estimation of postoperative gastric perfusion. It is noninvasive, low cost, and may be applied by the time frame when most fistulas occur. High correlation between the event fistula and the low radiotracer uptake in the group of studied patients could be demonstrated. A role in the research of perfusion evaluation of different types of esophageal reconstruction is suggested. [source]

    Morphometric and immunohistochemical study of the abomasum of red deer during prenatal development

    JOURNAL OF ANATOMY, Issue 3 2007
    A. J. Masot
    Abstract The red deer is well suited to scientific study, given its economic importance as an animal to be hunted, and because it has a rich genetic heritage. However, there has been little research into the prenatal development of the stomach of ruminants in general, and none for the red deer. For this reason, we undertook histological evaluation of the ontogenesis of the abomasum in red deer. Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses were carried out on 50 embryos and fetuses from the initial stages of prenatal life until birth. The animals were divided for test purposes into five experimental groups: group I [1.4,3.6 cm crown,rump length (CRL); 30,60 days, 1,25% of gestation]; group II (4.5,7.2 cm CRL; 67,90 days, 25,35% of gestation); group III (8,19 cm CRL; 97,135 days, 35,50% of gestation); group IV (21,33 cm CRL; 142,191 days, 50,70% of gestation) group V (36,40 cm CRL; 205,235 days, 75,100% of gestation). In the organogenesis of the primitive gastric tube of red deer, differentiation of the abomasum took place at 67 days, forming a three-layered structure: the epithelial layer (pseudostratified), pluripotential blastemic tissue and serosa. The abomasal wall displayed the primitive folds of the abomasum and by 97 days abomasal peak areas were observed on the fold surface. At 135 days the abomasal surface showed a single mucous cylindrical epithelium, and gastric pits were observed in the spaces between abomasal areas. At the bottom of these pits the first outlines of glands could be observed. The histodifferentiation of the lamina propria-submucosa, tunica muscularis and serosa showed patterns similar to those described for the forestomach of red deer. The abomasum of red deer during prenatal life, especially from 67 days of gestation, was shown to be an active structure with full secretory capacity. Its histological development, its secretory capacity (as revealed by the presence of neutral mucopolysaccharides) and its neuroendocrine nature (as revealed by the presence of positive non-neuronal enolase cells and the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide and neuropeptide Y) were in line with the development of the rumen, reticulum and omasum. Gastrin-immunoreactive cells first appeared in the abomasum at 142 days, and the number of positive cells increased during development. As for the number of gastrin cells, plasma gastrin concentrations increased throughout prenatal life. However, its prenatal development was later than that of the abomasum in sheep, goat and cow. [source]

    The I-gelŪ, a single-use supraglottic airway device with a non-inflatable cuff and an esophageal vent: an observational study in children

    ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 3 2009
    L. BEYLACQ
    Background: The I-gelŪ is a new single-use supraglottic airway device with a non-inflatable cuff. It is composed of a thermoplastic elastomer and a soft gel-like cuff that adapts to the hypopharyngeal anatomy. Like the LMA-ProSeal, it has an airway tube and a gastric drain tube. Little is known about its efficiency in pediatric anesthesia. Methods: Fifty children above 30 kg, ASA I,II, undergoing a short-duration surgery were included in this prospective, observational study. We evaluated ease in inserting the I-gelŪ, seal pressure, gastric leak, complications during insertion and removal, ease in inserting the gastric tube and ventilatory parameters during positive pressure ventilation. Results: All devices were inserted at the first attempt. The mean seal pressure was 25 cmH2O. There was no gastric inflation and gastric tube insertion was achieved in all cases. The results appear similar to those in a previous study concerning laryngeal mask airway in terms of leak pressure and complication rates. Conclusion: Because the I-gelŪ has a very good insertion success rate and very few complications, it seems to be an efficient and safe device for pediatric airway management. [source]

    Ethanol Feeding Impairs Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Isolated Rat Skeletal Muscle: Role of Gs , and cAMP

    ALCOHOLISM, Issue 8 2005
    Qiang Wan
    Background: The mechanism by which chronic alcohol consumption impairs insulin sensitivity is unclear. We investigated the role of the Gs ,,mediated pathway in decreasing insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle after ethanol consumption. Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats, divided into four groups, received either distilled water (controls; group I) or ethanol, which was administered by a gastric tube as a single daily dose of 5 g/kg (group II), 2.5 g/kg (group III), or 0.5 g/kg (group IV). After 20 weeks, fasting plasma glucose and serum insulin levels were measured. The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study was performed under anesthesia to estimate whole-body insulin sensitivity. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was measured in vitro in dissected gastrocnemius muscle. Expression of glut4, Gs ,, and Gi , was quantified using real-time PCR analysis and western blotting. cAMP levels were measured by ELISA. Results: Compared with controls, the following observations were made: (1) the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study revealed impaired insulin action at the whole-body level after ethanol treatment; (2) chronic ethanol feeding at 5 g/kg and 2.5 g/kg significantly decreased both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptakes in isolated skeletal muscle (p < 0.05), which was accompanied by decreased expression of glut4 (p < 0.05); (3) Gs , (mRNA and protein) expression in skeletal muscle was significantly increased in all three ethanol groups (p < 0.05), and cAMP levels were also increased by ethanol treatment (p < 0.05); and (4) there was no significant change in Gi , expression in all three ethanol groups. Conclusions: Chronic ethanol exposure decreased insulin-induced glucose uptake in rat skeletal muscle, which was associated with increased expression of Gs ,. Because Gs , is a negative regulator of insulin sensitivity, the alteration in Gs , expression may contribute to the ethanol-induced impairment of insulin signal transduction. [source]

    Gastric emptying: the validity of the paracetamol absorption test adjusted for individual pharmacokinetics

    NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY & MOTILITY, Issue 3 2001
    A. W. Medhus
    An algorithm for the paracetamol absorption test for gastric emptying, adjusting for individual pharmacokinetics, was recently developed. The aim of the present study was to validate the use of this algorithm. Furthermore, the algorithm was applied to elucidate whether a gastric tube interferes with the rate of gastric emptying. A caloric liquid meal with paracetamol was administered orally to nine healthy volunteers on two separate days. On one occasion, the subjects were intubated with a nasogastric tube and the meal was aspirated from the stomach 45 min after meal intake. The percentage of the meal retained in the stomach at the time of aspiration was determined by analyses of paracetamol in the aspirate and compared with calculations by the algorithm. On the other examination day, the same meal was ingested without tube and aspiration. The median percentage of the meal retained in the stomach at aspiration was 47% (range 33,70%) calculated by the algorithm and 48% (range 23,61%) based on the aspiration data. The correlation between the emptying parameters was r=0.97 (P < 0.001). The median of gastric emptying parameters was similar when the number of samples included in the calculation by the algorithm was reduced, but the range tended to increase. The gastric tube moderately inhibited gastric emptying during the period 20,40 min after meal intake (P < 0.05), but for the period from meal intake until start of aspiration, no inhibition was found. The present study demonstrates that the novel algorithm for the paracetamol absorption test provides valid estimates for gastric emptying. [source]

    The Laryngeal Mask Airway SupremeTM, a single use laryngeal mask airway with an oesophageal vent.

    ANAESTHESIA, Issue 1 2009
    A randomised, anaesthetised patients, cross-over study with the Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSealTM in paralysed
    Summary The LMA SupremeTM is a new extraglottic airway device which brings together features of the LMA ProSealTM, FastrachTM and UniqueTM. We test the hypothesis that ease of insertion, oropharyngeal leak pressure, fibreoptic position and ease of gastric tube placement differ between the LMA ProSealTM and the LMA SupremeTM in paralysed anesthetised patients. Ninety-three females aged 19,71 years were studied. Both devices were inserted into each patient in random order. Two attempts were allowed. Digital insertion was used for the first attempt and guided insertion for the second attempt. Oropharyngeal leak pressure and fibreoptic position were determined during cuff inflation from 0 to 40 ml in 10 ml increments. Gastric tube insertion was attempted if there was no gas leak from the drain tube. First attempt and overall insertion success were similar (LMA ProSealTM, 92% and 100%; LMA SupremeTM 95% and 100%). Guided insertion was always successful following failed digital insertion. Oropharyngeal leak pressure was 4,8 ml higher for the LMA ProSealTM over the inflation range (p < 0.001). Intracuff pressure was 16,35 cm higher for the LMA ProSealTM when the cuff volume was 20,40 ml (p < 0.001). There was an increase in oropharyngeal leak pressure with increasing cuff volume from 10 to 30 ml for both devices, but no change from 0 to 10 ml and 30,40 ml. There were no differences in the fibreoptic position of the airway or drain tube. The first attempt and overall insertion success for the gastric tube was similar (LMA ProSealTM 91% and 100%; LMA SupremeTM 92% and 100%). We conclude that ease of insertion, gastric tube placement and fibreoptic position are similar for the LMA ProSealTM and LMA SupremeTM in paralysed, anaesthetised females, but oropharyngeal leak pressure and intracuff pressure are higher for the LMA ProSealTM. [source]