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GM Products (gm + products)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting75%

Selected Abstracts

The role of political myth in the international conflict over genetically modified foods and crops

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND GOVERNANCE, Issue 6 2007
Sarah Lieberman
Abstract Although the controversy over genetically modified (GM) foods and crops has generated some well known myths, such as ,frankenfoods', there has been little analysis of the political role played by these myths. Yet the significance of myth in the GM debate is considerable: indeed, by reflecting and reinforcing the political stances of the major protagonists, myths have themselves become important components in the conflict. With the aid of theoretical tools derived from Laclau, we examine the notion of political myth, and find that it has three levels: factual error, social meaning and political hegemony. We apply this theory to the GM controversy, distinguishing between substantive GM myths, such as frankenfoods, and procedural GM myths, such as the EU moratorium on GM products. We conclude that if such political myths become powerful enough, they could transform themselves into dominant hegemons , i.e. what Laclau calls social imaginaries , and begin to dictate GM policies across the globe. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source]

On the Segregation of Genetically Modified, Conventional and Organic Products in European Agriculture: A Multi-market Equilibrium Analysis

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, Issue 3 2005
GianCarlo Moschini
Q1; O3 Abstract Evaluating the possible benefits of the introduction of genetically modified (GM) crops must address the issue of consumer resistance as well as the complex regulation that has ensued. In the European Union (EU), this regulation envisions the co-existence of GM food with conventional and quality-enhanced products, mandates the labelling and traceability of GM products and allows only a stringent adventitious presence of GM content in other products. All these elements are brought together within a partial equilibrium model of the EU agricultural food sector. The model comprises conventional, GM and organic food. Demand is modelled in a novel fashion, whereby organic and conventional products are treated as horizontally differentiated but GM products are vertically differentiated (weakly inferior) relative to conventional ones. Supply accounts explicitly for the land constraint at the sector level and for the need for additional resources to produce organic food. Model calibration and simulation allow insights into the qualitative and quantitative effects of the large-scale introduction of GM products in the EU market. We find that the introduction of GM food reduces overall EU welfare, mostly because of the associated need for costly segregation of non-GM products, but the producers of quality-enhanced products actually benefit. [source]

The effect of knowledge types on consumer-perceived risk and adoption of genetically modified foods

PSYCHOLOGY & MARKETING, Issue 2 2007
Deon Klerck
Scientists have asserted that genetically modified (GM) food offers financial, environmental, health, and quality benefits to society, but the realization of such benefits depends on consumer acceptance of this new technology. Consumer concerns about GM food raise questions about what consumers know about GM food and to what extent this knowledge translates into their evaluations of GM products. The present research empirically examines the effect of both objective and subjective knowledge on perceived risk and, in turn, key consumer behaviors associated with GM food. The results reveal that objective knowledge about GM food significantly reduces performance and psychological risks, whereas subjective knowledge influences only physical risk, and the valence of that impact depends on the level of the consumer's objective knowledge. Furthermore, different risk types enhance consumers' information search and reduce their propensity to buy GM food. The overall findings thus suggest the need for cooperation among government, scientific institutions, and the food industry to foster effective communication strategies that increase consumers' objective knowledge, reduce their risk perceptions, and encourage consumer adoptions of GM technology. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]

What labelling policy for consumer choice?

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, Issue 4 2008
Europe, The case of genetically modified food in Canada
Abstract., Faced with divergent opinions among consumers on the use of genetically modified (GM) foods, Canada has adopted a voluntary labelling approach for non-GM foods, whereas the European Union has a mandatory labelling policy for GM foods. Interestingly, both labelling systems have resulted in very little, if any, additional consumer choice. Using an analytical model, we show that the coexistence of GM and non-GM products at the retail level depends on the labelling policy, consumer perceptions, and the type of product. Although voluntary labelling tends to favour the use of GM products, it is more likely to provide consumer choice. Confrontés à des opinions publiques divergentes sur l'usage des aliments génétiquement modifiés (GM), le Canada a adopté une politique d'étiquetage volontaire pour les aliments non-GM alors que l'Union Européenne a mis en place une politique d'étiquetage obligatoire des aliments GM. Curieusement, ces deux systèmes d'étiquetage n'ont pas réellement permis de faciliter le choix des consommateurs. A l'aide d'un modèle analytique, nous démontrons que la coexistence des produits GM et non-GM au niveau du commerce de détail dépend de la politique d'étiquetage, de la perception des consommateurs, et du type de produit. Bien que l'étiquetage volontaire ait tendance à favoriser l'usage des produits GM, cette approche est plus à même de faciliter le choix du consommateur que l'étiquetage obligatoire. [source]