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External Appearance (external + appearance)
Selected AbstractsSkipped spawning in female iteroparous fishesFISH AND FISHERIES, Issue 1 2005Rick M Rideout Abstract It is often assumed that iteroparous fishes spawn annually once reaching sexual maturity, but this is not always the case. This paper reviews available information on skipped spawning in female teleost fishes. All instances of non-annual spawning are described as one of three types (retaining, reabsorbing, resting), depending on where in the normal spawning cycle development has been interrupted. Retaining ripe eggs is caused by conditions experienced during the spawning season (fish density, mate availability, pollution), whereas failure to start vitellogenesis (resting) or the breakdown of all oocytes that enter into vitellogenesis (reabsorbing) is caused by factors experienced prior to the spawning season (primarily temperature and poor nutrition). It is speculated that the relative shortage of data on non-annual spawning may be because of difficulties in identifying non-reproductive individuals. In an attempt to rectify this situation, the criteria needed to identify females undergoing the three forms of spawning omission are presented in terms of external appearance of gonads, gonad indices, and histological analysis. The energy saved by not spawning in a poor year may lead to increased survival and the probability of spawning in subsequent years. As the cumulative number of progeny gained by surviving to spawn in multiple subsequent years outweighs the number of progeny lost by not spawning in a given single year, occasional omission of spawning may constitute an adaptive trait in long-lived iteroparous fishes. [source] Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata); composition, appearance and seasonal variationsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 5 2002Kriton Grigorakis Major quality parameters, such as muscle composition, fat deposition, muscle fatty acid composition and external appearance were studied in wild and cultured gilthead sea bream. Muscle fat content and total depot fat (peritoneal and perivisceral fat) indicated a seasonal variation with minimum values observed in late spring and maximum in late summer. Gonadosomatic indices of cultured fish were lower than those found in wild specimens. Lipid content of cultured sea bream was much higher than that of wild fish. Differences were also observed in fatty acid profiles. Cultured fish were characterized by higher levels of monoenes, n-9 and 18:2n-6 fatty acids and wild fish by higher levels of saturates, 20:4n-6, n-3 fatty acids and n-3/n-6 ratios. Differences were also noted in the external appearance of fish. [source] PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL AND SENSORY QUALITY EVALUATION OF POTATO VARIETIES (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.)JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY, Issue 2 2000J.E. PARDO ABSTRACT Seven table potato varieties were studied for pH, soluble solids content, moisture, firmness, color, external appearance of raw tubers and flavor and texture of the fried and boiled product. Monalisa was the most appreciated variety regarding external appearance, Bartina was preferred for the flavor of the fried product while Victoria and Desiree were the best for flavor and texture of boiled potatoes. The different scores by variety depending on frying or boiling suggest a specific use for each variety. Soluble solids content, pH, and moisture determinations showed minimal differences between varieties. Firmness was highest in the two varieties with the least moisture (Desiree and Victoria) and lowest in varieties with a high degree of moisture (Bartina and Caesar); fresh potato firmness had a positive correlation with these sensorial parameters when the product was boiled. All colorimetric parameters were useful to discriminate red skin from yellow-white skin varieties. [source] Disseminated intraparenchymal microgranulomas in the brainstem in central nervous system sarcoidosisNEUROPATHOLOGY, Issue 4 2005Makoto Nishie We report a 70-year-old woman with sarcoidosis and multiple cranial nerve palsy. The patient suffered from dysarthria, dysphagia and weakness of the upper and lower extremities and died of sepsis. No abnormalities were noted in brain MRI. At autopsy, numerous epithelioid granulomas with Langhans giant cells were present in the bilateral lungs, including the hilar lymph nodes. The brain had a normal external appearance. Histologically, there were brainstem parenchymal lesions consisting of many microgranulomas, lymphocytic infiltration, activated microglias and astrocytosis. Perivascular lympocytic cuffing was also seen. Neither granulomas nor lymphocytic infiltration were seen in the leptomeninges. The present case was considered to be a peculiar type of neurosarcoidosis, that is, "sarcoid brainstem encephalitis". [source] Model for Ultrasound-Assisted Lumbar Puncture TrainingACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 2009Melissa Bollinger Lumbar puncture is an important diagnostic procedure in emergency medicine. Data have been published showing improved success rate with ultrasound assistance and the ability of emergency medicine physicians to recognize sonographic lumbar spinous anatomy. However, with educational models and the push for improved patient safety, procedural skills should be practiced on phantoms rather than the "see one, do one, teach one" of the past. There are no currently available phantoms for ultrasound-assisted lumbar puncture training. We have produced a phantom that can be used to train physicians on ultrasound-assisted lumbar puncture with respect to both imaging and procedural competency. A plastic fluid-filled bladder was immersed in gelled opacified mineral oil, a safe and easily used tissue mimic that obscures direct visualization of structures. Spinous anatomy is replicated with the use of wooden struts supporting wooden disks that mimic lumbar spinous processes. The spine analog was mounted over the plastic bladder and surrounded with gelled mineral oil. The phantom produces images similar to human lumbar anatomy. The phantom allows insertion of spinal needles into the "interspinous spaces" with inability to pass the needle outside of those locations. Fluid collection and repeated punctures can be performed on the phantom. Appearance and performance of the phantom were evaluated by physicians with expertise in ultrasound-assisted lumbar puncture. The only limitation is that external appearance is not realistic. This model performs well, is made from readily available materials, and can be used to train physicians in ultrasound-assisted lumbar puncture. [source] | |||||||||||||