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Extended Version (extended + version)
Selected AbstractsQuitting Smoking: Applying an Extended Version of the Theory of PlannedBehavior to Predict Intention and Behavior,JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOBEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2005Inger Synnøve MOAN This study examined the ability of the theory of planned behavior (TPB)to predict students' intentions to quit smoking and the subsequent behavior6 months later. In addition, the impact of past behavior, moral norms, self-identity, group identity, and positive/negative anticipated affect was examined. The intention-behavior relationship was examined by dividing the sample in four subgroups: inclined actors/abstainers and disinclined actors/abstainers. Analyses were based on data from a prospective sample of 698 smokers. Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control accounted for 36% (adjusted R2) of the variance in intentions. Moral norms, positive anticipated affect, group identity, and past behavior added 9% (adjusted R2) to the explained variance in intention, beyond the effect accounted for by the TPB components. Subsequent behavior was predicted by intentions (adjusted R2= .12). Past behavior, moral norms, self-identity, and the Past Behavior x Intention and Moral Norm x Negative Affect interactions explained an additional 9% (adjusted R2) of the variance in behavior. Inclined abstainers constituted the main source of the discrepancy between intention and behavior. [source] A restricted-domain multilateral test approach to the theory of international comparisons*INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC REVIEW, Issue 1 2003Keir G. Armstrong This article develops a novel multilateral test approach to the problem of international comparisons. Many of the associated tests are justified as "reasonable" using the fact that they are direct analogues to properties of the cost-of-living index. Further support is bestowed upon the new approach by showing that it is equivalent to an extended version of Diewert's (1986) multilateral test approach. Finally, a number of alternative multilateral comparison formulas are evaluated and the relative superiority of two of them is established. [source] Failure envelopes and plastic potentials for eccentrically loaded surface footings on undrained soilINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS, Issue 4 2001M. Fraser Bransby Abstract The failure envelope in V,M space for surface foundations on undrained material under eccentric loading can be determined using an extended version of the scaling (or effective area) concept of Meyerhof. A similar displacement transformation allows production of the plastic potential. The two-dimensional finite element analyses of fully attached foundations subject to combined vertical (V) and moment (M) loading have been used to calculate appropriate scaling points for deduction of the failure envelope and plastic potential. Failure envelopes and plastic potentials are presented for footings on uniform and non-uniform undrained material and it is seen that the equivalent ,critical state' or ,parallel point' lies slightly beneath the peak moment capacity. For accurate prediction of failure envelopes for footings on non-uniform strength soil, consideration must be made of the apparent reduction of the soil heterogeneity as the area of footing in contact with the soil decreases. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] An eddy viscosity model with near-wall modificationsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS, Issue 9 2005M. M. Rahman Abstract An extended version of the isotropic k,, model is proposed that accounts for the distinct effects of low-Reynolds number (LRN) and wall proximity. It incorporates a near-wall correction term to amplify the level of dissipation in nonequilibrium flow regions, thus reducing the kinetic energy and length scale magnitudes to improve prediction of adverse pressure gradient flows, involving flow separation and reattachment. The eddy viscosity formulation maintains the positivity of normal Reynolds stresses and the Schwarz' inequality for turbulent shear stresses. The model coefficients/functions preserve the anisotropic characteristics of turbulence. The model is validated against a few flow cases, yielding predictions in good agreement with the direct numerical simulation (DNS) and experimental data. Comparisons indicate that the present model is a significant improvement over the standard eddy viscosity formulation. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Design of the ATM-based interconnecting network of the access segment of future cellular systemsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, Issue 2 2001P. P. Demestichas Abstract An important issue in future cellular communication systems is the design of the interconnecting network of their access segment. This problem aims at finding the minimum-cost configuration of cell site switches (CSSs) and local exchanges (LEs) given the base transceiver station (BTS) layout. An extended version of the problem may also comprise the deployment of mobility and service control points-access (MSCPs-A), based on the assumption that CSSs and LEs are not fully capable of handling the logic of the cellular system. In this paper we solve the extended problem, under the additional assumption that the communication among the network elements is based on the ATM technique. The problem is formally defined, optimally formulated, and solved by computationally efficient heuristics. Finally, results are provided and subsequent conclusions are drawn. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Office-seeking politicians, interest groups and split contributions in a campaign finance modelINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC THEORY, Issue 4 2007Shino Takayama D72; D82; M37 The present paper investigates an extended version of Prat's campaign finance models. In this model, interest groups make contributions to politicians to influence policy decisions. Voters are assumed to judge candidates on two aspects: policy promises and nonpolicy personal qualities referred to as valence. There are two types of voters. Among these, uninformed voters only observe campaign contributions that take the role of a signaling medium. We solve the equilibrium of the game between politicians and interest groups. We then specify conditions under which a separating equilibrium exists and study the effect of split contributions on the welfare of the median voter. [source] Sensitivity analysis of neural network parameters to improve the performance of electricity price forecastingINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Issue 1 2009Paras Mandal Abstract This paper presents a sensitivity analysis of neural network (NN) parameters to improve the performance of electricity price forecasting. The presented work is an extended version of previous works done by authors to integrate NN and similar days (SD) method for predicting electricity prices. Focus here is on sensitivity analysis of NN parameters while keeping the parameters same for SD to forecast day-ahead electricity prices in the PJM market. Sensitivity analysis of NN parameters include back-propagation learning set (BP-set), learning rate (,), momentum (,) and NN learning days (dNN). The SD parameters, i.e. time framework of SD (d=45 days) and number of selected similar price days (N=5) are kept constant for all the simulated cases. Forecasting performance is carried out by choosing two different days from each season of the year 2006 and for which, the NN parameters for the base case are considered as BP-set=500, ,=0.8, ,=0.1 and dNN=45 days. Sensitivity analysis has been carried out by changing the value of BP-set (500, 1000, 1500); , (0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2), , (0.1, 0.2, 0.3) and dNN (15, 30, 45 and 60 days). The most favorable value of BP-set is first found out from the sensitivity analysis followed by that of , and ,, and based on which the best value of dNN is determined. Sensitivity analysis results demonstrate that the best value of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is obtained when BP-set=500, ,=0.8, ,=0.1 and dNN=60 days for winter season. For spring, summer and autumn, these values are 500, 0.6, 0.1 and 45 days, respectively. MAPE, forecast mean square error and mean absolute error of reasonably small value are obtained for the PJM data, which has correlation coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.7758 between load and electricity price. Numerical results show that forecasts generated by developed NN model based on the most favorable case are accurate and efficient. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] An extended Huygens' principle for modelling scattering from general discontinuities within hollow waveguidesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL MODELLING: ELECTRONIC NETWORKS, DEVICES AND FIELDS, Issue 5 2001Ronald L. Ferrari Abstract The modal fields, generalized scattering matrix (GSM) theory and dyadic Green's functions relating to a general uniform hollow waveguide are briefly reviewed in a mutually consistent normalization. By means of an analysis linking these three concepts, an extended version of the mathematical expression of Huygens' principle is derived, applying to scattering from an arbitrary object within a hollow waveguide. The integral-equation result expresses the total field in terms of the incident waveguide modal fields, the dyadic Green's functions and the tangential electromagnetic field on the surface of the object. It is shown how the extended principle may be applied in turn to perfect conductor, uniform material and inhomogeneous material objects using a quasi method of moments (MM) approach, coupled in the last case with the finite element method. The work reported, which indicates how the GSM of the object may be recovered, is entirely theoretical but displays a close similarity with established MM procedures. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Correlation studies in weakly confining quantum dot potentialsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY, Issue 15 2008Peter Kimani Abstract We investigate the electron correlation in few-electron closed-shell atomic systems and similarly in few-electron quantum dots under weak confinement. As usual we start with restricted Hartree,Fock (HF) calculations and add electron correlation in steps in a series of approximations based on the single particle Green's function approach: (i) second-order Green function (GF); (ii) 2ph -Tamm-Dancoff approximation (TDA); and (iii) an extended version thereof which introduces ground-state correlation into the TDA. Our studies exhibit similarities and differences between weakly confined quantum dots and standard atomic systems. The calculations support the application of HF, GF, and TDA techniques in the modeling of three-dimensional quantum dot systems. The observed differences emphasize the significance of confinement and electronic features unique to quantum dots, such as the increased binding of electrons with higher angular momentum and thus,compared to atomic systems,modified shell-filling sequences. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2008 [source] Reply to "Comment on Aromatic-Backbone Interactions in Model ,-Helical Peptides"JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2008József Csontos Abstract In response to Van Mourik's comments on our paper (J Comput Chem 2007, 28, 1208.) we present an extended version of our rotation method. We also prove that intramolecular interaction energies as well the basis set superposition errors calculated with our rotation method are comparable with those obtained by the counterpoise method of Boys and Bernardi (Mol Phys 1970, 19, 533). In intramolecular interaction energy calculations, if the interacting groups are in proximity, our rotation method is recommended to avoid artificial interactions, which can be induced by fragmentation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.J Comput Chem, 2008 [source] Using technology in Higher Education: an Activity Theory perspectiveJOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED LEARNING, Issue 1 2002K. Isssroff Abstract This paper describes the application of Activity Theory to considerations of enhancing learning through the use of technology in Higher Education. The theory is reviewed and its extended version which uses the idea of an activity system to help analyse the use of technology in context described. Two case studies of teaching and learning in Higher Education are described: one exploring the use of ICT in a postgraduate study of science communication and the other a history course using the web to provide a range of resources and communication facilities for students. These two case studies represent different uses of technology in different disciplines and lead to a consideration of how the use of Activity Theory informs understanding of these learning experiences. [source] Sleep problems and daytime somnolence in a German population-based sample of snoring school-aged childrenJOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH, Issue 1 2007STEFFEN EITNER Summary Habitual snoring is associated with daytime symptoms like tiredness and behavioral problems. Its association with sleep problems is unclear. We aimed to assess associations between habitual snoring and sleep problems in primary school children. The design was a population-based cross-sectional study with a nested cohort study. The setting was twenty-seven primary schools in the city of Hannover, Germany. Habitual snoring and sleep problems were assessed in primary school children using an extended version of Gozal's sleep-disordered breathing questionnaire (n = 1144). Approximately 1 year later, parents of children reported to snore habitually (n = 114) and an equal number of children who snored never or occasionally were given the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, a validated questionnaire for the assessment of pediatric sleep problems. Snoring status was re-assessed using the initial questionnaire and children were then classified as long-term habitual snorers or ex-habitual snorers. An increasing prevalence of sleep problems was found with increasing snoring frequency for sleep-onset delay, night awakenings, and nightmares. Long-term habitual snorers were at significantly increased risk for sleep,wake transition disorders (e.g. rhythmic movements, hypnic jerks, sleeptalking, bruxism; odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 12.0, 3.8,37.3), sleep hyperhidrosis (3.6, 1.2,10.8), disorders of arousal/nightmares (e.g. sleepwalking, sleep terrors, nightmares; 4.6, 1.3,15.6), and excessive somnolence (i.e. difficulty waking up, morning tiredness, daytime somnolence; 6.3, 2.2,17.8). Ex-habitual snorers were at increased risk for sleep,wake transition disorders (4.4, 1.4,14.2). Habitual snoring was associated with several sleep problems in our study. Long-term habitual snorers were more likely to have sleep problems than children who had stopped snoring spontaneously. [source] Exchange of conserved quantities, shock loci and Riemann problemsMATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES, Issue 13 2001Michael Sever Systems of conservation laws admitting extensions, such as entropy density/flux functions, generate related systems obtained by exchanging the extension with one of the constituent equations. Often if not always, the smooth solutions of the two systems coincide, and weak solutions of one system containing only small discontinuities are approximate weak solutions of the other. The adiabatic approximation for the Euler system illustrates the utility of this procedure. Such an exchange of conserved quantities preserves hyperbolicity and genuine non-linearity in the sense of Lax. On the other hand, the topological structure of the shock locus of a point in phase space and the solvability of Riemann problems in the large can be strongly affected. A discussion of when and how this occurs is given here. In this paper the exchange of conserved quantities is conveniently described by a simple homotopy in an extended version of the usual ,symmetric variables'. A dynamical system in phase space is constructed, the trajectories of which describe the Hugoniot locus of a fixed point in phase space at each state of the homotopy. The appearance of critical points for this dynamical system is identified with the alteration of the topological structure of the Hugoniot locus by the exchange of conserved quantities. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Extended testing across, not within, tasks raises diagnostic accuracy of smell testing in Parkinson's disease,MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 1 2009Sanne Boesveldt MSc Abstract The aim of this study was to determine whether extended olfactory testing within a single olfactory task and/or across olfactory tasks increases diagnostic accuracy of olfactory testing in Parkinson's disease (PD). Olfactory function was assessed using an extended version of the "Sniffin' Sticks", comprising 32-item odor identification and discrimination tasks, and a detection threshold task in 52 PD patients and 50 controls, all aged between 49 and 78 years. ROC curves based on sensitivity and specificity estimates were used to compare the diagnostic accuracy of extended and combined olfactory testing. There was no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy between the 16-item and the 32-item versions of the odor identification or discrimination test. The single olfactory test that was best in discriminating between PD patients and controls was a 16-item odor identification test. A combination of the 16-item identification test and the detection threshold task had a significantly higher area under the curve than the 16-item odor identification test alone. In conclusion, extended testing across, and not within, olfactory tasks increases diagnostic accuracy of olfactory testing in PD. A combination of an odor detection threshold task and a 16-item odor identification test had the highest sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing between PD patients and controls. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society [source] Robust QFD: framework and a case studyQUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2007Kwang-Jae Kim Abstract Quality function deployment (QFD) provides a specific approach for ensuring quality throughout each stage of the product development. Since the focus of QFD is placed on the early stage of product development, the uncertainty in the input information of QFD is inevitable. If the uncertainty is neglected, the QFD analysis results can be misleading. This paper proposes an extended version of the QFD methodology, called Robust QFD, which is capable of considering the uncertainty of the input information and the resulting variability of the output. The proposed framework aims to model, analyze, and dampen the effects of the uncertainty and variability in a systematic manner. The proposed framework is demonstrated through a case study on the ADSL-based high-speed Internet service. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Price discovery in the aluminum marketTHE JOURNAL OF FUTURES MARKETS, Issue 10 2005Isabel Figuerola-Ferretti An extended version of the S. Beveridge and C. R. Nelson (1981) decomposition and a latent variable approach are used to examine how the noise content, and therefore the informativeness, of four aluminum prices that have been quoted at various times since 1970,the (now defunct) U.S. producer price, a transactions price reported in a trade journal, and the LME and Comex exchange prices. It was found that the start of aluminum futures trading in 1978 resulted in greater price transparency in the sense that the information content of transactions prices increased. LME prices quickly came to be more informative than published transactions prices. Although the initial Comex aluminum contract failed to attract liquidity and had low information content, the 1999 contract, trading currently, is as transparent as the LME contract. © 2005Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 25:967,988, 2005 [source] VOF-Simulation of the Lift Force for Single Bubbles in a Simple Shear FlowCHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (CET), Issue 9 2006D. Bothe Abstract Bubbles in shear flows experience a lift force, causing them to migrate sideways while they are rising. This lateral migration is investigated in numerical simulations, which are carried out with an extended version of the highly parallelized code FS3D, employing an advanced Volume-of-Fluid method. The movement of single bubbles in linear shear flows is simulated to obtain the magnitude of the lift force , expressed by the lift force coefficient CL , for various bubble diameters and material data. Simulation results are in good agreement with experiments for medium liquid phase viscosities. An investigation of the dynamic pressure on the bubble surface explains why large bubbles migrate in the opposite direction compared to small bubbles. [source] On the optimality of two-stage Kalman filtering for systems with unknown inputs,ASIAN JOURNAL OF CONTROL, Issue 4 2010Chien-Shu Hsieh Abstract This paper is concerned with the optimal solution of two-stage Kalman filtering for linear discrete-time stochastic time-varying systems with unknown inputs affecting both the system state and the outputs. By means of a newly-presented modified unbiased minimum-variance filter (MUMVF), which appears to be the optimal solution to the addressed problem, the optimality of two-stage Kalman filtering for systems with unknown inputs is defined and explored. Two extended versions of the previously proposed robust two-stage Kalman filter (RTSKF), augmented-unknown-input RTSKF (ARTSKF) and decoupled-unknown-input RTSKF (DRTSKF), are presented to solve the general unknown input filtering problem. It is shown that under less restricted conditions, the proposed ARTSKF and DRTSKF are equivalent to the corresponding MUMVFs. An example is given to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society [source] | |||||||||||||||||||