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Age-specific Differences (age-specific + difference)
Selected AbstractsAge-Specific Differences in Women with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators: An International Multi Center StudyPACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 12 2008LAUREN D. VAZQUEZ M.S. Background: Common psychological adjustment difficulties have been identified for groups of implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients, such as those who are young (<50 years old), have been shocked, and are female. Specific aspects and concerns, such as fears of death or shock and body image concerns, that increase the chance of distress, have not been examined in different aged female implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients. The aim of the study was to investigate these areas of adjustment across three age groups of women from multiple centers. Methods: Eighty-eight female ICD patients were recruited at three medical centers: Shands Hospital at the University of Florida, Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, and Royal North Shore Hospital in Sydney, Australia. Women completed individual psychological assessment batteries, measuring the constructs of shock anxiety, death anxiety, and body image concerns. Medical record review was conducted for all patients regarding cardiac illnesses and ICD-specific data. Results: Multivariate and univariate analyses of variance revealed that younger women reported significantly higher rates of shock and death anxiety (Pillai's F = 3.053, P = 0.018, ,2p= 0.067) and significantly greater body image concerns (Pillai's F = 4.198, P = 0.018, ,2p= 0.090) than middle- and older-aged women. Conclusions: Women under the age of 50 appear to be at greater risk for the development of psychosocial distress associated with shock anxiety, death anxiety, and body image. Clinical-based strategies and interventions targeting these types of adjustment difficulties in younger women may allow for improved psychosocial and quality of life outcomes. [source] Symptoms of hypoglycaemia in people with diabetesDIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 9 2001V. McAulay Abstract The symptoms of hypoglycaemia are fundamental to the early detection and treatment of this side-effect of insulin and oral hypoglycaemic therapy in people with diabetes. The physiology of normal responses to hypoglycaemia is described and the importance of symptoms of hypoglycaemia is discussed in relation to the treatment of diabetes. The symptoms of hypoglycaemia are described in detail. The classification of symptoms is considered and the usefulness of autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms for detecting hypoglycaemia is discussed. The many external and internal factors involved in the perception of symptoms are reviewed, and symptoms of hypoglycaemia experienced by people with Type 2 diabetes are addressed. Age-specific differences in the symptoms of hypoglycaemia have been identified, and are important for clinical and research practice, particularly with respect to the development of acquired hypoglycaemia syndromes in people with Type 1 diabetes that can result in impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia. In addition, the routine assessment of hypoglycaemia symptoms in the diabetic clinic is emphasized as an important part of the regular review of people with diabetes who are treated with insulin. Diabet. Med. 18, 690,705 (2001) [source] Model of frequent, recurrent, and spontaneous seizures in the intact mouse hippocampusHIPPOCAMPUS, Issue 8 2004M. Derchansky Abstract This study presents a model of chronic, recurrent, spontaneous seizures in the intact isolated hippocampal preparation from mice aged P8,P25. Field activity from the CA1 pyramidal cell layer was recorded and recurrent, spontaneous seizure-like events (SLEs) were observed in the presence of low Mg2+ (0.25 mM) artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF). Hippocampi also showed interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) of 0.9,4.2 Hz occurring between seizures. No age-specific differences were found in SLE occurrence (2 SLEs per 10 min, on average), duration, and corresponding frequencies. After long exposure to low Mg2+ ACSF (>3 h), SLEs were completely reversible within minutes with the application of normal (2 mM Mg2+) ACSF. The AMPA antagonist, CNQX, blocked all epileptiform activity, whereas the NMDA antagonist, APV, did not. The ,-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A antagonist, bicuculline, attenuated and fragmented SLEs, implicating interneurons in SLE generation. The L-type Ca2+ blocker, nifedipine, enhanced epileptiform activity. Analysis of dual site recordings along the septotemporal hippocampus demonstrated that epileptiform activity began first in the temporal pole of the hippocampus, as illustrated by disconnection experiments. Once an SLE had been established, however, the septal hippocampus was sometimes seen to lead the epileptiform activity. The whole hippocampus with intact local circuitry, treated with low Mg2+, provides a realistic model of recurrent spontaneous seizures, which may be used, in normal and genetically modified mice, to study the dynamics of seizures and seizure evolution, as well as the mechanisms of action of anti-epileptic drugs and other therapeutic modalities. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Endothelial NOS G894 T and MMP-3 5A/6A gene polymorphisms and hypertension in Serbian populationJOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS, Issue 6 2005Tamara Djuri Abstract The incidence of hypertension is increasing and it is more common in man than in women. Up to date, MMP-3 5A/6A polymorphism has been associated with artery stiffening and elevated blood pressure, whereas results considering association of endothelial NOS (eNOS) G894 T polymorphism with hypertension are controversial. The aim of our study was to analyze the possible association of eNOS G894 T and MMP-3 5A/6A gene polymorphisms with hypertension in Serbian population. Study sample consisted of 172 hypertensive and 200 normotensive subjects divided by gender. Both female and male group was truncated according to age. All subjects were genotyped for MMP-3 5A/6A and eNOS G894 T polymorphism. There was a significantly higher (P < 0.05) prevalence of 5A/5A genotype in hypertensive females compared to normotensive ones (19.30 % vs. 10.84%) even more pronounced in group ,50 years, according to its recessive effect. In young males (<40 years), we found 3.7-fold increased risk for hypertension associated with allele 6A (P < 0.01), and 8.1-fold with genotype 6A/6A (P = 0.01) according to recessive model. We found no association of eNOS G894 T polymorphism with hypertension. These results indicate that there were gender- and age-specific differences in association of MMP-3 5A/6A polymorphism with hypertension in Serbian population. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 19:214,246, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] The effects of total hip arthroplasty on the structural and biomechanical properties of adult boneAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 2 2009Joshua J. Peck Abstract The responsiveness of bone to mechanical stimuli changes throughout life, with adaptive potential generally declining after skeletal maturity is reached. This has led some to question the importance of bone functional adaptation in the determination of the structural and material properties of the adult skeleton. A better understanding of age-specific differences in bone response to mechanical loads is essential to interpretations of long bone adaptation. The purpose of this study is to examine how the altered mechanical loading environment and cortical bone loss associated with total hip arthroplasty affects the structural and biomechanical properties of adult bone at the mid-shaft femur. Femoral cross sections from seven individuals who had undergone unilateral total hip arthroplasty were analyzed, with intact, contralateral femora serving as an approximate internal control. A comparative sample of individuals without hip prostheses was also included in the analysis. Results showed a decrease in cortical area in femora with prostheses, primarily through bone loss at the endosteal envelope; however, an increase in total cross-sectional area and maintenance of the parameters of bone strength, Ix, Iy, and J, were observed. No detectable differences were found between femora of individuals without prostheses. We interpret these findings as an adaptive response to increased strains caused by loading a bone previously diminished in mass due to insertion of femoral prosthesis. These results suggest that bone accrued through periosteal apposition may serve as an important means by which adult bone can functional adapt to changes in mechanical loading despite limitations associated with senescence. Am J Phys Anthropol 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | |||||||||||||