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Exercise Therapy (exercise + therapy)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	91%

Selected Abstracts

Exercise Training as a Therapy for Chronic Heart Failure: Can Older People Benefit?

JOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 5 2003
Miles D. Witham BM
Despite recent advances in pharmacological therapy, chronic heart failure remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in older people. Studies of exercise training in younger, carefully selected patients with heart failure have shown improvements in symptoms and exercise capacity and in many pathophysiological aspects of heart failure, including skeletal myopathy, ergoreceptor function, heart rate variability, endothelial function, and cytokine expression. Data on mortality and hospitalization are lacking, and effects on everyday activity, depression, and quality of life are unclear. Exercise therapy for patients with heart failure appears to be safe and has the potential to improve function and quality of life in older people with heart failure. To realize these potential benefits, exercise programs that are suitable for older, frail people need to be established and tested in an older, frail, unselected population with comorbidities. [source]

Effectiveness of exercise therapy in patients with internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint

JOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 12 2001
P. Nicolakis
This study intended in evaluating the effectiveness of exercise therapy in patients with craniomandibular disorders (CMD). Twenty consecutive patients suffering from CMD with anterior disc displacement without reduction consulting a CMD service were included in the study if they met following criteria: (i) pain in the temporomandibular region, (ii) reduced incisal edge clearance (<35 mm), (iii) magnet resonance imaging confirmed anterior disc displacement without reduction and (iv) evidence of postural dysfunction. All patients were assigned to a waiting list, serving as a no-treatment control period, according to a before,after trial. The treatment consisted of active and passive jaw movement exercises, correction of body posture and relaxation techniques. A total of 18 patients completed the study, no adverse effects occurred. Following main outcome measures were evaluated: (1) pain at rest (2) pain at stress (3) impairment (4) mouth opening at base-line, before and after treatment and at 6 month follow-up. As a result of treatment pain, impairment and mouth opening improved significantly more than during control period (paired samples t -test P < 0·05). After treatment four patients had no pain at all (chi-square: P < 0·05) and only seven patients revealed an impaired incisal edge clearance after treatment. (chi-square Test, P < 0·001). At follow up, seven patients had no pain and experienced no impairment. Exercise therapy seems to be useful in the treatment of anterior disc displacement without reduction. [source]

Patients' perceptions of exercise therapy in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: a survey

MUSCULOSKELETAL CARE, Issue 2 2003
JG Mc Veigh BSc(Hons), MCSP
Abstract Objective: To identify patients' perceptions of the role and benefits of exercise in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Design: A postal questionnaire was sent to all 225 members of the Northern Ireland Fibromyalgia Support Group. The questionnaire consisted of 19 questions and was sub-divided into four sections: (1) background information; (2) previous treatment; (3) opinions on the role of exercise in FMS and (4) current participation in, and barriers to, exercise. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: A response rate of 51.1% (115/225) was achieved. Forty nine percent (57) of respondents were receiving FMS-associated disability benefits and 13% (15) were working full-time. All reported previous treatment for FMS. Ninety-six (84%) had received medication and 82 (71%) exercise-based therapy. Just over half (42/82) of those who had participated in exercise therapy reported it to be an effective management strategy. Two thirds (48/71) of those who used bedrest, and over half (52/96) of those who used medications reported these interventions to be effective. Eighty-two per cent (94) ,agreed' or ,strongly agreed' that exercise improved fitness and 60% (69) ,agreed' or ,strongly agreed' that exercise increased feelings of well-being, but only 13.9% (16) reported that it reduced their pain. The most commonly reported barriers to exercise were fatigue (85%, 98) and pain (73%, 84). Conclusion: Exercise therapy is a common treatment for fibromyalgia syndrome, but while respondents accepted its general health benefits, the vast majority did not report that it reduced their pain. Copyright © 2003 Whurr Publishers Ltd. [source]

A systematic review of intervention studies about anxiety in caregivers of people with dementia

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 3 2007
Claudia Cooper
Abstract Background There is considerable literature on managing depression, burden and psychological morbidity in caregivers of people with dementia (CG). Anxiety has been a relatively neglected outcome measure but may require specific interventions. Objective To synthesise evidence regarding interventions that reduce anxiety in CGs. Methods Twenty-four studies met our inclusion criteria. We rated the methodology of studies, and awarded grades of recommendation (GR) for each type of intervention according to Centre for Evidence Based Medicine guidelines, from A (highest level of evidence) to D. Results Anxiety level was the primary outcome measure in only one study and no studies were predicated on a power calculation for anxiety level. There was little evidence of efficacy for any intervention. The only RCT to report significantly reduced anxiety involved a CBT and relaxation-based intervention specifically devised to treat anxiety, and there was preliminary evidence (no randomised controlled trials) that caregiver groups involving yoga and relaxation without CBT were effective. There was grade B evidence that behavioural management, exercise therapies and respite were ineffective. Limitations Many interventions were heterogeneous, so there is some overlap between groups. Lack of evidence of efficacy is not evidence of lack of efficacy. Conclusions CBT and other therapies developed primarily to target depression did not effectively treat anxiety. Good RCTs are needed to specifically target anxiety which might include relaxation techniques. Some of the interventions focussed on reducing contact with the care recipients but caregivers may want to cope with caring and preliminary evidence suggests strategies to help CGs manage caring demands may be more effective. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Mechanosensitive hyaluronan secretion: stimulus,response curves and role of transcription,translation,translocation in rabbit joints

EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 3 2009
A. K. T. Wann
Joint movement was recently shown to stimulate the secretion of the lubricant hyaluronan (HA); also, exercise therapy and intra-articular hyaluronan injections are used to treat moderate osteoarthritis. The present study quantifies the stimulus,response curves for HA secretion in vivo and reports a role of transcription,translation,translocation in the secretory response. After washing out endogenous HA from anaesthetized, cannulated rabbit knees, the joints were cycled passively at various frequencies and durations, with or without intra-articular inhibitors of protein synthesis and Golgi processing. Newly secreted HA was harvested for analysis after 5 h. Joints displayed graded, non-linear stimulus,response curves to both duration and frequency of movement; 1 min duration per 15 min or a frequency of 0.17 Hz raised HA secretion by 42,54%, while rapid (1.5 Hz) or prolonged cycling (9 min per 15 min) raised it by 110,130%. Movement-stimulated secretion and phorbol ester-stimulated secretion were partly inhibited by the translation inhibitor cycloheximide, by the transcription,translation inhibitors actinomycin D and puromycin and by the Golgi translocation inhibitor brefeldin A. There is thus a graded coupling between HA secretion and cyclic joint movement that depends partly on new protein synthesis. This is likely to be important for joint homeostasis, providing protection during repetitive cycling and potentially contributing to exercise therapy for osteoarthritis. [source]

Diabetes mellitus and geriatric syndromes

GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2009
Atsushi Araki
Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased prevalence and incidence of geriatric syndrome: functional disabilities, depression, fall, urinary incontinence, malnutrition and cognitive impairment. Geriatric syndrome not only leads to frailty, loss of independence and low quality of life, but also becomes a major obstacle in the treatment and care of diabetic people. The risk factors or contributing factors of geriatric symptoms are micro- and macrovascular complications, age-rated comorbid disease and aging per se. Comprehensive geriatric assessment of geriatric syndrome, including basic activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, gait and balance, visual acuity, the Mini-Mental State Examination, depression scores, history and risk of fall, urination and nutrition, should be performed as part of the care of elderly diabetic patients, in particular old-old patients. Because geriatric syndromes are multifactorial and share risk factors, diabetic people with any geriatric symptoms should be treated with a common concentric strategy, such as supervised exercise therapy including muscle-strengthening training, psychological support, social support for adherence, and good glycemic control with avoidance of hypoglycemia. [source]

Effectiveness of exercise therapy in patients with internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint

Patients' perceptions of exercise therapy in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: a survey

MULTIDISCIPLINARY PAIN ABSTRACTS: 47

PAIN PRACTICE, Issue 1 2004
Article first published online: 15 MAR 200
The purpose of this multicenter, randomized, controlled trial was to compare the effect of manual therapy to exercise therapy in sick-listed patients with chronic low back pain. The effects of exercise therapy and manual therapy on chronic low back pain with respect to pain, function, and sick leave have been investigated in a number of studies. The results are, however, conflicting. Patients with chronic low back pain or radicular pain sick-listed for more than 8 weeks and less than 6 months were included. A total of 49 patients were randomized to either manual therapy (n=27) or to exercise therapy (n=22). Sixteen treatments were given over the course of 2 months. Pain intensity, functional disability (Oswestry disability index), general health (Dartmouth Care Cooperative function charts), and return to work were recorded before, immediately after, at 4 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after the treatment period. Spinal range of motion (Schober test) was measured before and immediately after the treatment period only. Although significant improvements were observed in both groups, the manual therapy group showed significantly larger improvements than the exercise therapy group on all outcome variables throughout the entire experimental period. Immediately after the 2-month treatment period, 67% in the manual therapy and 27% in the exercise therapy group had returned to work. It was concluded that improvements were found in both intervention groups, but manual therapy showed significantly greater improvement than exercise therapy in patients with chronic low back pain. The effects were reflected on all outcome measures, both on short- and long-term follow-up. [source]

The chronic fatigue syndrome , an update

ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2007
Vegard Bruun Wyller
Background ,, In this article, current scientific knowledge on the chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is reviewed. The US case definition of CFS (the CDC-definition) is most widespread in research and clinical practice. Estimates of prevalence vary from 0.2% to above 2%. The female,male ratio is approximately 3:1. Clinical Features ,, Severe fatigue is the dominating complaint; it is worsened from exertions and not substantially relieved by rest. In addition, the patients might have a varying combination of accompanying symptoms. Clinical evaluation should be based upon standardized guidelines, including an assessment of functional impairments. Pathophysiology ,, The pathophysiology should be interpreted within a biopsychosocial framework. Present knowledge suggests that certain genetic polymorphisms and personality traits might be regarded as predisposing factors, some infections and severe psychosocial stress constitute precipitating factors, whereas disturbances of immunity, skeletal muscle, cognitive abilities, endocrine control and cardiovascular homeostasis are possible perpetuating factors. Treatment ,, Cognitive behavioural therapy and graded exercise therapy are of proven value in randomized controlled trials. Several pharmaceutical measures have been explored and found to have no beneficial effect. Most patients might expect long-term improvement, but full recovery is rare; however, the prognosis is better among adolescents. [source]