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Exercise Behavior (exercise + behavior)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	64%
Psychology	23%
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	11%

Selected Abstracts

Self-Objectification and Exercise Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Social Physique Anxiety

JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOBEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, Issue 3-4 2007
Lise Melbye
Self-objectification (SO) and Social Physique Anxiety (SPA) were investigated in relation to reported exercise behaviors (EBs). A conceptual model was used in which SPA was posited as a mediating variable between SO and EBs categorized as protective or permissive. Two hundred and ninety-one women (age range = 18,74 years) completed the SO, SPA, and EB questionnaires. Women lower in SO reported exercising more, wearing more concealing exercise apparel, and preferring outdoors locations. The models were found to fit the data adequately, but only the path from SO to SPA was significant. These results reaffirm the relationship between SO and SPA, but further understanding of the potential effects of SO on behaviors involving health, body, and exercise is required. [source]

Binge eating and exercise behavior after surgery for severe obesity: A structural equation model

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 5 2006
Junilla K. Larsen PhD
Abstract Objective: The current study sought to find indications for the appropriateness of a model in which eating patterns and exercise beliefs influence binge eating and physical exercise, respectively, that, in turn, influence outcome after gastric banding for severe obesity. Method: Participants were 157 patients (144 females, 13 males) who completed questionnaires approximately 34 months (range = 8,68 months) after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). Results: Our data showed a well-fitting model in which external and emotional eating were associated with outcome through binge eating. Several exercise beliefs were associated with physical exercise, but physical exercise was not associated with weight loss or physical health. Conclusion: Binge eating was related more strongly to the outcome after gastric banding than physical exercise. Future research should examine whether a strong focus on the management of binge eating and external and emotional eating could improve the outcome of morbidly obese patients with unsuccessful weight outcome after obesity surgery. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006. [source]

Physical Exercise in Chinese Older Adults: A Transtheoretical Model,

JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOBEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2006
Kee-Lee Chou
Physical exercise has a positive impact on physical and mental health among older adults. This study identifies significant correlates of exercise behavior among Hong Kong Chinese older adults under the transtheoretical model. The data came from a survey of a representative community sample of 425 elderly respondents in Hong Kong. Using multiple regression models, the authors found that perceived benefits of exercise and self-efficacy for exercise were related significantly to exercise behavior, and their effects on exercise were mediated completely through the stages of changes in exercise. Although perceived barriers to exercise are significantly and negatively associated with exercise behavior, this relationship disappeared in multiple regression analysis after controlling demographic and several health-related variables. Findings suggest that perceived benefits and self-efficacy on exercise should be strengthened to motivate older adults to engage in a more active lifestyle. [source]

Promoting Health in Older Adults: A Four-Year Analysis

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS, Issue 1 2001
Barbara Resnick PhD, FAANP
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to consider the influence of selected health promotion and disease prevention interventions in elderly residents of a continuing care retirement community (CCRC) over a four-year period by comparing actual health promotion practices of the residents. DATA SOURCES Original research using a descriptive design, face-to-face interviews of residents (N=176-200), chart reviews, and administration of a minimental state exam (MMSE) and health survey administered annually. CONCLUSIONS In each year the mean age of the residents was at least 85, the majority were female, Caucasian, and unmarried. With the exception of checking stools for occult blood, there was a statistically significant change in all health promotion behaviors over the four-year period. The most significant change was in the area of exercise behavior, which increased from 24% of the residents participating in regular exercise in year one to 61% by year four. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The purpose of health promotion and disease prevention in older adults is to reduce the potential years of life lost in premature mortality and ensure better quality of remaining life. In addition to regularly scheduled interventions (group education, on-site administration of pneumonia and flu vaccines, on-site exercise room and walking group), individualized counseling regarding the pros and cons of health-promotion activities was provided to help residents make an educated decision about engaging in these activities. These interventions can be used to help facilitate participation in health promotion activities as appropriate and desired for each older adult. [source]

Exercise participation after diagnosis of breast cancer: trends and effects on mood and quality of life

PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY, Issue 5 2002
Bernardine M. Pinto
Individuals treated for cancer often experience higher levels of emotional distress than the general population. Previous research has shown that exercise can have an ameliorating effect on these problems. This 12-month prospective longitudinal study investigated mood, quality of life, cancer-related symptoms, and exercise behavior of 69 women who had completed treatment for Stage 0,2 breast cancer. We studied the natural progression of exercise participation after cancer treatment. Effects on mood, quality of life, and cancer-related symptoms were assessed after controlling for demographic variables, disease variables, social support, and baseline values to test the hypothesis that women who exercised were more likely to report better mood, higher quality of life, and fewer cancer-related symptoms. Results indicated that women did not increase their exercise participation over time and that overall mean minutes of exercise participation were below recommended levels. Baseline demographic predictors of exercise participation included younger age, having a spouse or partner, increased time since diagnosis, higher social support, and higher depression. Exercise participation was associated with improved physical functioning, but not overall mood or cancer-related symptoms. We discuss implications of these findings towards the well-being of breast cancer survivors. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Cross-Validation and Discriminant Validity of Adolescent Health Promotion Scale Among Overweight and Nonoverweight Adolescents in Taiwan

PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 6 2006
Mei-Yen Chen
ABSTRACT This study used cross-validation and discriminant analysis to evaluate the construct and discriminant validity of Adolescent Health Promotion (AHP) scale between the overweight and nonoverweight adolescents in Taiwan. A cross-sectional survey method was used and 660 adolescents participated in this study. Cluster and discriminant analyses were used to analyze the data. Our findings indicate that the AHP is a valid and reliable scale to discriminate between the health-promoting behaviors of overweight and nonoverweight adolescents. For the total scale, cluster analyses revealed two distinct patterns, which we designated the healthy and unhealthy groups. Discriminate analysis supported this clustering as having good discriminant validity, as nonoverweight adolescents tended to be classified as healthy, while the overweight tended to be in the unhealthy group. In general, overweight adolescents practiced health-related behaviors at a significantly lower frequency than the nonoverweight. These included exercise behavior, stress management, life appreciation, health responsibility, and social support. These findings can be used to further develop and refine knowledge of adolescent overweight and related strategies for intervention. [source]

Testing a model of exercise behavior in older adults

RESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 2 2001
Barbara Resnick
Abstract The purpose of this study was to test a model of exercise behavior in older adults. It was hypothesized that (a) mental and physical health directly influence self-efficacy expectations; (b) mental and physical health, age, and self-efficacy expectations influence outcome expectations; and (c) all these variables directly and/or indirectly influence exercise behavior. The sample was composed of 175 older adults living in a continuing-care retirement community, each of whom was interviewed once. Seven of the 10 hypothesized paths were significant. Physical health, self-efficacy expectations, and outcome expectations directly influenced exercise behavior, and age and mental health indirectly influenced exercise through self-efficacy expectations and outcome expectations. Combined these variables accounted for 30% of the variance in exercise behavior. To improve exercise behavior in older adults, health care providers should focus on developing interventions to strengthen self-efficacy and outcome expectations related to exercise. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Res Nurs Health 24: 83,92, 2001 [source]

Clearly Irrational Financial Market Behavior: Evidence from the Early Exercise of Exchange Traded Stock Options

THE JOURNAL OF FINANCE, Issue 1 2003
Allen M. Poteshman
This paper analyzes the early exercise of exchange-traded options by different classes of investors over the 1996 to 1999 period. A large number of exercises are identified as clearly irrational without invoking any model of market equilibrium. Customers of discount brokers and customers of full-service brokers both engage in a significant number of irrational exercises while traders at large investment houses exhibit no irrational early exercise behavior. Rational and irrational exercise is triggered for discount and full-service customers by the underlying stock price attaining its highest level over the past year and by high returns on the underlying stock. [source]

A note on rational call option exercise

THE JOURNAL OF FUTURES MARKETS, Issue 5 2002
Malin Engström
Using Swedish equity option data, the rationality in the exercise of American call options is analyzed to see how well it complies with the theoretical exercise rules. Although the exercise behavior appears to be rational overall, several cases of both faulty exercise and failure to exercise are found. Almost a third of the early exercised calls are exercised at other times than predicted by theory. Several of these exercise decisions could potentially be explained by transaction costs, indicating that market frictions do affect the exercise behavior. However, over two thirds of the faulty exercises cannot be explained at all. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 22:471,482, 2002 [source]

Exercise Preference Patterns, Resources, and Environment Among Rural Breast Cancer Survivors

THE JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 4 2009
Laura Q. Rogers MD
ABSTRACT:,Context:Rural breast cancer survivors may be at increased risk for inadequate exercise participation. Purpose: To determine for rural breast cancer survivors: (1) exercise preference "patterns," (2) exercise resources and associated factors, and (3) exercise environment. Methods: A mail survey was sent to rural breast cancer survivors identified through a state cancer registry, and 483 (30%) responded. Findings: The majority (96%) were white, with mean education of 13 (±2.5) years and mean 39.0 (±21.5) months since diagnosis. Most participants (67%) preferred face-to-face counseling from an exercise specialist (27%) or other individual (40%). A third (31%) preferred home-based exercise with non face-to-face counseling from someone other than an exercise specialist. Participants preferring face-to-face counseling were more apt to prefer supervised exercise (38% vs 9%, P < 0.001) at a health club (32% vs 8%, P < 0.001). Home exercise equipment was reported by 63%, with 97% reporting home telephone and 67% reporting Internet access. Age, education, self-efficacy, treatment status, and exercise behavior were associated with exercise resources. The physical environment was often not conducive to exercise but a low crime rate and high trust in neighbors was reported. Conclusions: Rural health education programs encouraging exercise should offer multiple programming options while considering the physical environment and capitalizing on available resources and beneficial social environmental characteristics. [source]

Nutrition and exercise behavior among patients with bipolar disorder,

BIPOLAR DISORDERS, Issue 5 2007
Amy M Kilbourne
Objectives:, There have been few comprehensive studies of nutrition and exercise behaviors among patients with bipolar disorder (BPD). Based on a national sample of patients receiving care in the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system, we compared nutrition and exercise behaviors among individuals diagnosed with BPD, others diagnosed with schizophrenia, and others who did not receive diagnoses of serious mental illness (SMI). Methods:, We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients who completed the VA's Large Health Survey of Veteran Enrollees section on health and nutrition in fiscal year (FY) 1999 and who either received a diagnosis of BPD (n = 2,032) or schizophrenia (n = 1,895), or were included in a random sample of non-SMI VA patients (n = 3,065). We compared nutrition and exercise behaviors using multivariable logistic regression, controlling for patient socio-economic and clinical factors, and adjusting for patients clustered by site using generalized estimating equations. Results:, Patients with BPD were more likely to report poor exercise habits, including infrequent walking (odds ratio, OR = 1.33, p < 0.001) or strength exercises (OR = 1.28, p < 0.001) than those with no SMI. They were also more likely to self-report suboptimal eating behaviors, including having fewer than two daily meals (OR = 1.32, p < 0.001) and having difficulty obtaining or cooking food (OR = 1.48, p < 0.001). Patients with BPD were also more likely to report having gained ,10 pounds in the past 6 months (OR = 1.59, p < 0.001) and were the least likely to report that their health care provider discussed their eating habits (OR = 0.84, p < 0.05) or physical activity (OR = 0.81, p < 0.01). Conclusions:, Greater efforts are needed to reduce the risk of poor nutrition and exercise habits among patients diagnosed with BPD. [source]

Patterns of exercise across the cancer trajectory in brain tumor patients

CANCER, Issue 10 2006
Lee W. Jones Ph.D.
Abstract BACKGROUND Exercise may represent a supportive intervention that may complement existing neurooncologic therapies and address a multitude of therapy-induced debilitating side effects in patients with brain tumors. Given the limited evidence, the authors conducted a survey to examine the exercise patterns of brain tumor patients across the cancer trajectory. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, 386 brain tumor patients who received treatment at the Brain Tumor Center at Duke University were sent a questionnaire that assessed self-reported exercise behavior prior to diagnosis, during adjuvant therapy, and after the completion of therapy. RESULTS The response rate was 28% (106 of 383 patients). Descriptive analyses indicated that 42%, 38%, and 41% of participants, respectively, met national exercise prescription guidelines prior to diagnosis, during treatment, and after the completion of adjuvant therapy. Repeated measures analyses indicated no significant changes in the majority of exercise behavior outcomes over the cancer trajectory. However, exploratory analyses indicated that males and younger participants may be at the greatest risk of reducing exercise levels after a brain tumor diagnosis. These analyses remained unchanged after controlling for relevant demographic and medical covariates. CONCLUSIONS A relatively high percentage of brain tumor patients are exercising at recommended levels across the cancer trajectory. Moreover, these patients have unique exercise patterns that may be modified by select demographic variables. This preliminary study provides important informative data for future studies examining the potential role of exercise in patients diagnosed with neurologic malignancies. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society. [source]

Self-Objectification and Exercise Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Social Physique Anxiety

Relationship between body image and lifestyle factors in Japanese adolescent girls

PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 4 2009
Kyoko Mori
Abstract Background:, Body image, defined here as an inaccurate perception of personal bodyweight, plays a significant role in the development of obesity, eating problems and eating disorders. Certain lifestyle factors may influence an individual's body image, but current knowledge is based mainly on studies in Western populations. Methods:, The associations between body image and lifestyle factors were investigated in samples of the Japanese female adolescent population. Results:, Respondents who reported that they ate meals slowly (odds ratio [OR] 1.81, P < 0.001) or only consumed small amounts of food (OR 3.17, P < 0.001) were more likely to underestimate their body image, as determined by their body mass index, than eaters who had average behavior for this age group. Individuals who reported eating faster (OR 1.47, P < 0.001) or consuming large amounts (OR 1.67, P < 0.001); those who do not eat breakfast on a daily basis (OR 1.35, P = 0.006); those who go to bed later than the average time for this age group (OR 1.38, P < 0.001) or sleep <7 h (OR 1.40, P < 0.001) and those individuals who rarely exercise (OR 1.27, P = 0.03) were more likely to overestimate their body image, as determined by BMI, compared with those who had average eating, sleeping and exercise behaviors for this age group. Conclusions:, Variation from the norm in eating, sleeping and exercise behaviors showed a relationship with a distorted perception of body image in Japanese adolescent girls. These findings are of potential importance in understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of body image and for exploring interventional approaches. [source]

Exercise and dietary change after diagnosis and cancer-related symptoms in long-term survivors of breast cancer: CALGB 79804

PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY, Issue 2 2009
Catherine M. Alfano
Abstract Objective: Improving diet and exercise can reduce survivors' risk of cancer-related fatigue, poor physical functioning, and potential recurrence. A cancer diagnosis can represent a ,teachable moment', leading survivors to make positive changes in diet and exercise behaviors; however, little is known about how often this occurs or about factors that enhance or limit survivors' ability to make these changes. This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated both the prevalence and clustering of self-reported changes in diet and exercise and how these changes related to ongoing cancer-related symptoms, social support, and stressful life events among long-term breast cancer survivors. Methods: Survivors (n=227, response rate=72%) of a prior Cancer and Leukemia Group B treatment trial, on average 12 years post-diagnosis, completed a mailed survey assessing health behavior changes since diagnosis and current symptoms, social support, and stressful life events. Results: Over half of survivors reported making positive exercise or diet changes since diagnosis: over 25% reported making exercise and diet changes. Analyses of covariance models showed that survivors who reported increasing their exercise also reported lower fatigue. Trends were also found between increased fruit and vegetable intake and decreased fatigue and between increased exercise and increased social support. Conclusions: These results underscore the need for health promotion efforts among survivors. Exercise promotion is especially needed since more survivors attempted to change dietary behaviors than exercise on their own. Further, fatigue may limit survivors' ability to change their health behaviors; alternatively, survivors who increase their exercise may experience less fatigue. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]