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Exchange Device (exchange + device)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Oxygenation,Ozonation of Blood During Extracorporeal Circulation: In Vitro Efficiency of a New Gas Exchange Device

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 9 2007
Velio Bocci
Abstract:, We have investigated the performance of a new gas exchange device (GED), named L001, specifically devised for the ozonation of human blood during extracorporeal circulation. This procedure, defined with the acronym "EBOO," means "extracorporeal blood oxygenation,ozonation." The innovative GED is made of microporous, ozone-resistant, polipropylene hollow fibers with an external diameter of 200 µm, a thickness of 50 µm, and a membrane surface area of 0.22 m2. The material is coated with phosphorylcholine on the external side in contact with the circulating blood, while a gas mixture, necessarily composed of medical oxygen and ozone (about 99 and 1%, respectively), flows inside the fibers in opposite direction. The new GED has been tested by using a buffered saline solution containing KI and by varying several parameters, and it has shown to be very versatile and efficient. Its main characteristics are minimal foreign surface contact, high gas transfer, and negligible priming volume. This device appears to be a practical, nontoxic, and rather inexpensive tool for performing ozonation of blood for already defined human diseases. [source]

Blood Biocompatibility Assessment of an Intravenous Gas Exchange Device

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 9 2006
Trevor A. Snyder
Abstract:, To treat acute lung failure, an intravenous membrane gas exchange device, the Hattler Catheter, is currently under development. Several methods were employed to evaluate the biocompatibility of the device during preclinical testing in bovines, and potential coatings for the fibers comprising the device were screened for their effectiveness in reducing thrombus deposition in vitro. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the device had the capacity to activate platelets as evidenced by significant increases in circulating platelet microaggregates and activated platelets. Thrombus was observed on 20 ± 6% of the surface area of devices implanted for up to 53 h. Adding aspirin to the antithrombotic therapy permitted two devices to remain implanted up to 96 h with reduced platelet activation and only 3% of the surface covered with thrombus. The application of heparin-based coatings significantly reduced thrombus deposition in vitro. The results suggest that with the use of appropriate antithrombotic therapies and surface coatings the Hattler Catheter might successfully provide support for acute lung failure without thrombotic complications. [source]

A study of the effect of a resistive heat moisture exchanger (trachinaze) on pulmonary function and blood gas tensions in patients who have undergone a laryngectomy: A randomized control trial of 50 patients studied over a 6-month period

HEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 5 2003
Andrew Simpson Jones MD
Abstract Background. Previous work from this department has shown that resistive tracheostomy filters increase the partial pressure of oxygen in capillary blood and also provide a significant amount of heat/moisture exchange. Until now it has not been shown whether there is any long-term beneficial effect and in particular whether raised tissue oxygenation is maintained using a practical filter device. Methods. We carried out a 6-month randomized control trial including 50 laryngectomees. Twenty-five patients were treated with the Liverpool Heat Moisture Exchange device incorporating an airway resistor (Trachinaze). Another 25 patients were treated with a placebo device. Relevant subjective and objective data were collected before and at the end of the study. The objective measurements were capillary oxygen tension (which parallels blood arterial tension), carbon dioxide tension, FEV1, FVC, and PIF. Patients were reviewed at intervals throughout the study. Data were analyzed using the Mann,Whitney U test and the paired t test to test the difference between the active device and placebo at 6 months. Results. Subjective lower airway parameters, including cough, number of chest infections, mucus production, and shortness of breath at rest, were significantly improved in the active group compared with the placebo group. The objective parameters FEV1, FVC, and PIF were not significantly different. Capillary oxygen tension, however, was highly significantly raised in the active group at 6 months. Conclusions. Trachinaze is highly superior to placebo at improving subjective pulmonary parameters, including shortness of breath. It is also superior in its ability to maintain an increased peripheral tissue oxygen tension over a 6-month period. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 000,000, 2003 [source]