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Excess Body Weight (excess + body_weight)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Body mass index and risk of multiple myeloma: A meta-analysis

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 11 2007
Susanna C. Larsson
Abstract Excess body weight has been identified as a risk factor for a variety of cancer types. However, whether excess body weight increases the risk of multiple myeloma remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively summarize the evidence from epidemiologic studies of the associations of overweight and obesity with the risk of multiple myeloma. We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (1966 to May 2007) and the reference lists of retrieved articles. Cohort and case,control studies were included if they reported relative risk (RR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relation between body mass index and multiple myeloma incidence or mortality. A random-effects model was used to combine study-specific results. A total of 11 cohort studies (involving 13,120 cases) and 4 case,control studies (1,166 cases and 8,247 controls) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with individuals with normal weight, the risk of multiple myeloma was statistically significantly higher among those who were overweight (cohort studies: RR, 1.12, 95% CI, 1.07,1.18; case,control studies: RR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.23,1.68) or obese (cohort studies: RR, 1.27, 95% CI, 1.15,1.41; case, control studies: RR, 1.82, 95% CI, 1.47,2.26). Results from this meta-analysis indicate that excess body weight may be a risk factor for multiple myeloma. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Effects of a natural extract of (,)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA-SX) and a combination of HCA-SX plus niacin-bound chromium and Gymnema sylvestre extract on weight loss

DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM, Issue 3 2004
H. G. Preuss
Aim:, The efficacy of optimal doses of highly bioavailable (,)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA-SX) alone and in combination with niacin-bound chromium (NBC) and a standardized Gymnema sylvestre extract (GSE) on weight loss in moderately obese subjects was evaluated by monitoring changes in body weight, body mass index (BMI), appetite, lipid profiles, serum leptin and excretion of urinary fat metabolites. HCA-SX has been shown to reduce appetite, inhibit fat synthesis and decrease body weight without stimulating the central nervous system. NBC has demonstrated its ability to maintain healthy insulin levels, while GSE has been shown to regulate weight loss and blood sugar levels. Methods:, A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human study was conducted in Elluru, India for 8 weeks in 60 moderately obese subjects (ages 21,50, BMI >26 kg/m2). Subjects were randomly divided into three groups. Group A was administered HCA-SX 4667 mg, group B was administered a combination of HCA-SX 4667 mg, NBC 4 mg and GSE 400 mg, while group C was given placebo daily in three equally divided doses 30,60 min before meals. All subjects received a 2000 kcal diet/day and participated in supervised walking. Results:, At the end of 8 weeks, body weight and BMI decreased by 5,6% in both groups A and B. Food intake, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides and serum leptin levels were significantly reduced in both groups, while high-density lipoprotein levels and excretion of urinary fat metabolites increased in both groups. A marginal or non-significant effect was observed in all parameters in group C. Conclusion:, The present study shows that optimal doses of HCA-SX and, to a greater degree, the combination of HCA-SX, NBC and GSE can serve as an effective and safe weight-loss formula that can facilitate a reduction in excess body weight and BMI, while promoting healthy blood lipid levels. [source]

Overweight and obesity and incidence of leukemia: A meta-analysis of cohort studies

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 6 2008
Susanna C. Larsson
Abstract We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the available evidence from cohort studies on the association between excess body weight and incidence of leukemia. Studies were identified by searching the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (1966,July 2007) and by examining the references of retrieved articles. A random-effects model was used to combine the results from individual studies. We identified 9 cohort studies with data on body mass index (BMI) or obesity in relation to incidence of leukemia. Compared with nonoverweight individuals (BMI < 25 kg/m2), the summary relative risks (RRs) of leukemia were 1.14 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03,1.25] for overweight individuals (BMI 25,30 kg/m2) and 1.39 (95% CI, 1.25,1.54) for obese (BMI , 30 kg/m2) individuals. On a continuous scale, a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was associated with a 13% increased risk of leukemia (RR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07,1.19). In a meta-analysis of 4 studies reporting results on subtypes of leukemia, the summary RRs associated with obesity were 1.25 (95% CI, 1.11,1.41) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 1.65 (95% CI, 1.16,2.35) for acute lymphocytic leukemia, 1.52 (95% CI, 1.19,1.95) for acute myeloid leukemia and 1.26 (95% CI, 1.09,1.46) for chronic myeloid leukemia. This meta-analysis indicates that excess body weight is associated with an increased risk of developing leukemia. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Body mass index and risk of multiple myeloma: A meta-analysis

Obesity and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: A meta-analysis

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 7 2007
Susanna C. Larsson
Abstract Obesity is associated with altered immune and inflammatory responses and it may therefore influence the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, epidemiologic findings on obesity in relation to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the epidemiologic evidence on the association between excess body weight and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Relevant studies were identified by searching MEDLINE (1966 to February 2007) and the reference lists of retrieved publications. We included cohort and case,control studies that reported relative risk (RR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of body mass index (BMI) with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma incidence or mortality. A random-effects model was used to combine results from individual studies. Sixteen studies (10 cohorts and 6 case,control studies), with 21,720 cases, met the inclusion criteria. Compared to individuals of normal weight (BMI < 25.0 kg/m2), the summary RRs of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were 1.07 (95% CI, 1.01,1.14) for overweight individuals (BMI between 25 and 30 kg/m2) and 1.20 (95% CI, 1.07,1.34) for those who were obese (BMI ,,,, 30.0 kg/m2). Meta-analysis stratified by histologic subtypes showed that obesity was associated with a statistically significant increased risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (RR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.18,1.66; n = 6 studies) but not of follicular lymphoma (RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.82,1.47; n = 6 studies) or small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.76,1.20; n = 3 studies). These findings indicate that excess body weight is associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, especially of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]