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Esophageal Reflux (esophageal + reflux)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Carcinogenesis in reflux disease,In search for bile-specific effects

MICROSURGERY, Issue 8 2007
M.D., Martin Fein Ph.D.
Bile reflux may play a key role for esophageal carcinogenesis in reflux disease. In search for bile-specific effects, the animal model of esophageal cancer was applied in a mutagenesis assay. Big Blue® transgenic mice were operated with microsurgical techniques. Seven had total gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy creating esophageal reflux of bile and five had a sham operation. After 24 weeks, the mutation frequency (MF) was measured through standard Big Blue mutagenesis assay in the esophageal mucosa and the duodenum as control. Esophageal reflux resulted in esophagitis in the distal esophagus. The MF in esophageal mucosa was 1.6 times higher in animals with reflux than in sham-operated animals; it was identical in the duodenum. In conclusion, the mutagenic potential of bile reflux has been confirmed. However, mechanisms of carcinogenesis in the esophageal cancer model other than chronic inflammation could not be identified because of the only moderately increased MF. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2007. [source]

Laryngopharyngeal reflux in patients with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease

DISEASES OF THE ESOPHAGUS, Issue 5 2006
P. J. Byrne
SUMMARY., Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) has been extensively studied in patients with laryngeal signs and symptoms, gastroesophageal reflux being identified in approximately 50%. Few studies have investigated the incidence and significance of LPR in GERD patients. Two-hundred and seventy-six consecutive patients referred with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux had dual probe 24 h pH, esophageal manometry, GERD and ENT questionnaires. LPR was defined as at least three pharyngeal reflux events less than pH 5.0 with corresponding esophageal reflux, but excluding meal periods. Fourty-two percent of patients were positive for LPR on 24 h pH monitoring and 91.3% corresponded with an abnormal esophageal acid score. Distal esophageal acid exposure was significantly greater (P < 0.001) in patients with LPR but symptoms of GERD and regurgitation scores showed no significant differences between patients with positive and negative LPR on 24 h pH. There was no significant difference between the incidence of LPR in patients with or without laryngeal symptoms. There is a high incidence of LPR in patients with GERD but its significance for laryngeal symptoms is tenuous. Fixed distance dual probe pH monitoring allows documentation of conventional esophageal reflux and LPR. [source]

Carcinogenesis in reflux disease,In search for bile-specific effects

MICROSURGERY, Issue 8 2007
M.D., Martin Fein Ph.D.
Bile reflux may play a key role for esophageal carcinogenesis in reflux disease. In search for bile-specific effects, the animal model of esophageal cancer was applied in a mutagenesis assay. Big Blue® transgenic mice were operated with microsurgical techniques. Seven had total gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy creating esophageal reflux of bile and five had a sham operation. After 24 weeks, the mutation frequency (MF) was measured through standard Big Blue mutagenesis assay in the esophageal mucosa and the duodenum as control. Esophageal reflux resulted in esophagitis in the distal esophagus. The MF in esophageal mucosa was 1.6 times higher in animals with reflux than in sham-operated animals; it was identical in the duodenum. In conclusion, the mutagenic potential of bile reflux has been confirmed. However, mechanisms of carcinogenesis in the esophageal cancer model other than chronic inflammation could not be identified because of the only moderately increased MF. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2007. [source]

Epidemiology of Voice Disorders in the Elderly: Preliminary Findings

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 4 2007
Nelson Roy PhD
Abstract Objectives: Epidemiologic studies of the prevalence and risk factors of voice disorders in the elderly, nontreatment seeking population are nonexistent. The purpose of this preliminary investigation was to 1) estimate the prevalence of voice disorders, 2) identify variables associated with increased risk of voice disorders, and 3) measure the socioemotional impact of voice disorders on the elderly who live independently. Study Design: Prospective, cross-sectional survey. Methods: One hundred seventeen seniors (39 males and 78 females; mean age, 76.1 yr; SD, 8.5 yr; range, 65,94 yr), residing in Utah and Kentucky, were interviewed using a questionnaire that addressed three areas related to voice disorders: prevalence, potential risk factors, and socioemotional consequences/effects. Results: The lifetime prevalence of a voice disorder was 47%, with 29.1% of participants reporting a current voice disorder. The majority of respondents (60%) reported chronic voice problems persisting for at least 4 weeks. Seniors who had experienced esophageal reflux, severe neck/back injury, and chronic pain were at increased risk. Voice-related effort and discomfort, combined with increased anxiety and frustration and the need to repeat oneself, were specific areas that adversely affected quality of life. Conclusions: This preliminary epidemiologic study confirmed that voice disorders are common among the elderly, and further research is needed to identify additional risk factors contributing to voice disorder vulnerability. [source]

Correlation of pH Probe,Measured Laryngopharyngeal Reflux With Symptoms and Signs of Reflux Laryngitis,

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 12 2002
J. Pieter Noordzij MD
Abstract Objectives/Hypothesis Laryngitis secondary to gastric acid reflux is a prevalent, yet incompletely understood, otolaryngological disorder. Further characterization of the relationship between symptoms and signs and reflux severity is needed. Study Design Prospective clinical trial. Methods Forty-two consecutive, nonsmoking patients with one or more reflux laryngitis symptoms were recruited to complete a symptom questionnaire, videostrobolaryngoscopy, and 24-hour, dual-sensor pH probe testing. Twenty-nine patients had more than four episodes of laryngopharyngeal reflux, and the remaining 13 served as control subjects. Symptom scores were produced by multiplying the severity by the frequency for the following: hoarseness, throat pain, "lump-in-throat" sensation, throat clearing, cough, excessive phlegm, dysphagia, odynophagia, and heartburn. Endoscopic laryngeal signs included erythema and edema of the vocal folds and arytenoids, and interarytenoid irregularity. Results Symptom scores varied significantly, with throat clearing being greater than the rest. None of the symptoms, except heartburn, correlated with reflux (laryngopharyngeal and esophageal) severity. Patients with worse laryngopharyngeal reflux were found to have worse esophageal reflux. Endoscopic laryngeal signs were rated as mild, on average, and did not correlate with laryngopharyngeal reflux severity. The number of laryngopharyngeal reflux episodes (per 24 h) ranged from 0 to 40 (mean number, 10.6 episodes). Conclusions Throat clearing was the most intense symptom in the present group of patients with proven reflux laryngitis. Dual-sensor pH probe testing could not predict the severity of patient's reflux laryngitis symptoms or signs. Only the heartburn symptom correlated with laryngopharyngeal and esophageal reflux. [source]