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English Regions (english + regions)
Selected AbstractsThe environmental dimension of sustainable regional development in the English regions: reflections upon the experience of North West EnglandENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND GOVERNANCE, Issue 5 2005Sue Kidd Abstract This paper explores the practice of sustainable development and the emphasis given to environmental considerations in the English regions. Part 1 provides an overview of the rise of regional governance in England and the place of sustainable development within the new regional structures. Part 2 then focuses upon the North West, and the changing emphasis given to the environmental dimension of sustainable regional development is explored with reference to a series of key regional documents. Part 3 considers the extent to which the analysis of the North West might be indicative of other English regions. This is followed by consideration of the importance of institutional structures in promoting sustainable patterns of regional development. It is concluded that an institutionalist perspective may be helpful in understanding why some regions are performing better than others in promoting sustainable patterns of development, and various avenues of future research are proposed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source] The Distribution of Public Expenditure across the UK RegionsFISCAL STUDIES, Issue 1 2003Iain McLean Abstract The distribution of UK revenue to the regional and territorial governments, administrations and authorities that spend the money is based on a hotchpotch of badly designed formulae. This is widely recognised. The Barnett formula, which allocates money to the devolved territories, has been attacked from all sides, its consequences described as ,terribly unfair' by its progenitor, Lord Barnett. The mechanism by which resources are distributed to local authorities within the English regions has been abandoned by the government, although its replacement has not yet been determined. This paper argues that a common basis for government spending across the regions and territories of the UK will be more equitable and efficient, and may even depoliticise the financial framework of the UK. [source] Equity and need when waiting for total hip replacement surgeryJOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 1 2004Ray Fitzpatrick PhD Abstract Objectives, To explore sociodemographic and health status factors associated with waiting times both for first outpatient appointment and for total hip replacement surgery (THR). Methods, A survey of THR in five former English regions was conducted between September 1996 and October 1997. Every patient listed for THR was asked to fill out a questionnaire preoperatively. This questionnaire included the 12-item Oxford Hip Score (OHS) questionnaire and two questions on the length of time patients waited for an ,outpatient ,appointment ,and ,subsequently ,for ,their operation. Results, From multiple logistic regression analyses, region, private vs. public sector, housing tenure and preoperative OHS were all independently associated with a waiting time for an outpatient appointment for >,3 months. Region, housing tenure and gender were also independently associated with a wait of ,,6 months on the surgical waiting list. Conclusions, A large proportion of patients had long waiting times both for an outpatient appointment and while on a surgical waiting list. There were significant differences in waiting time according to social, geographical and health care system factors. Patients with a worse pain and disability at surgery waited longer for an outpatient appointment. The longer patient waited, the worse was their pain and disability, suggesting that patients were not prioritized by these criteria. Benefits of prioritizing should be tested. [source] A cross-sectional analysis of residential property prices: the effects of income, commuting, schooling, the housing stock and spatial interaction in the English regions,PAPERS IN REGIONAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2006Bernard Fingleton Housing supply and markets; cross-sectional models; spatial econometric models Abstract., This article examines the distribution of residential property prices in 2001 across local areas in England using spatial econometric methods, showing that spatial variations in local income, income within commuting distance, the stock of residential properties and the quality of local schooling have significant effects. The residual spatial variation due to unknown factors is modelled by a proxy variable, but this does not rule out a significant spatial lag. The article argues that this represents endogenous interaction of property price levels between neighbouring areas, which is interpreted as the outcome of local market knowledge and preference, which produces greater price similarity between an area and its neighbours than one would anticipate from the levels of the exogenous price determinants. [source] Surgery for menorrhagia within English regions: variation in rates of endometrial ablation and hysterectomyBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 10 2009DA Cromwell Objective, To examine variation between English regions in the use of surgery (endometrial ablation or hysterectomy) for the treatment of menorrhagia. Design, Analysis of Hospital Episodes Statistics (HES) data to produce rates of surgery for English Strategic Health Authorities (SHAs) and Primary Care Trusts (PCTs). Population, Women aged between 25 and 59 years who had endometrial ablation or hysterectomy for menorrhagia between April 2003 and March 2006 in English NHS hospitals. Methods, Multilevel Poisson regression was used to determine the level of systematic variation in the regional rates of surgery and their association with regional characteristics (deprivation, service provision and mix of surgical procedures). Main outcome measure, Age-standardised annual rates of surgery. Results, The English rate of surgery for menorrhagia was 143 procedures per 100 000 women. Surgical rates within SHAs ranged from 52 to 230 procedures per 100 000 women, while rates within PCTs ranged from 20 to 420 procedures per 100 000 women. While, 60% of all procedures were endometrial ablations, the proportion across SHAs varied, ranging from 46% to 75%. Surgery rates were associated with the regional characteristics, but only weakly, and risk adjustment reduced the amount of unexplained variation by <15% at both SHA and PCT levels. Conclusion, Regional differences in surgical rates for menorrhagia have persisted despite changes in practice and improved evidence, suggesting there is scope for improving the management of menorrhagia within England. [source] | |||||||||||||