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Endtidal CO2 (endtidal + co2)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Pre-oxygenation enhances induction with sevoflurane as assessed using bispectral index monitoring

ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 4 2006
A. Fassoulaki
Background:, Several methods may enhance the inhalational induction of anesthesia. In this randomized double-blind study, we evaluated the speed of induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane with or without pre-oxygenation. Methods:, Fifty-four patients scheduled for hysteroscopy received for 10 min air or 100% oxygen via a facemask followed by , 7% sevoflurane in 100% oxygen. During the first 300 s of sevoflurane administration, bispectral index (BIS) values were recorded every 30 s in all patients. In 14 patients, seven in each group, BIS, endtidal CO2, tidal volume, respiratory rate, SpO2, and heart rate were recorded every minute during the pre-induction period and every 30 s during the first 5 min of sevoflurane administration. Results:, The BIS, endtidal CO2, tidal volume and respiratory rate did not differ between the oxygen or air breathing groups (P = 0.696, P = 0.999, P = 0.388, and P = 0.875, respectively), though the oxygen group exhibited lower tidal volumes by 16,20%. The SpO2 and heart rates were higher in the oxygen breathing group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.042, respectively). During sevoflurane administration, BIS values were lower in the oxygen group vs. the group breathing air, in particular at 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 s (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.001 and P = 0.030, respectively). The endtidal CO2 and the tidal volumes between the groups did not differ. The two groups differed in the SpO2 and the heart rates during induction (P = 0.004 and 0.003, respectively). Conclusions:, Before sevoflurane administration, breathing 100% oxygen for 10 min enhances induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane. [source]

Management of congenital tracheal stenosis , using spontaneous ventilation to facilitate cardiopulmonary bypass

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA, Issue 4 2006
KATHERINE TAYLOR FANZCA
Summary We present an unusual case of an infant with life-threatening tracheal stenosis scheduled for repair utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass. After repeated attempts at intubation endtidal CO2 was absent. The child was eventually managed with spontaneous breathing sevoflurane via a facemask. The possible causes of absent endtidal CO2 after intubation are discussed. [source]

The reliability of endtidal CO2 in spontaneously breathing children during anaesthesia with Laryngeal Mask AirwayTM, low flow, sevoflurane and caudal epidural

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA, Issue 5 2002
Per AASHEIM MD
Background: Noninvasive devices for monitoring endtidal CO2 (PECO2) are in common use in paediatric anaesthesia. Questions have been raised concerning the reliability of these devices in spontaneous breathing children during surgery. Our anaesthetic technique for elective infraumbilical surgery consists of spontaneous breathing through a Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMATM), low fresh gas flow, sevoflurane and a caudal epidural. We wanted to compare PECO2 and arterial CO2 (PaCO2) during surgery. Methods: Twenty children, aged 1,6 years, scheduled for infraumbilical surgery, were studied and one arterial sample was taken 45 min after induction of anaesthesia. PECO2, inspiratory PCO2, oxygen saturation, heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial blood pressure and expiratory sevoflurane concentration were measured every 5 min. The respiratory and circulatory parameters were stable during surgery. Results: The mean PaCO2 , PECO2 difference was 0.15 (0.16) kPa [1.1 (1.2 mmHg)]. Conclusions: PECO2 is a good indicator of PaCO2 in our anaesthetic setting. [source]