Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
End Sequences (end + sequence)
Selected AbstractsCytoplasmic localization of oocyte-specific variant of porcine DNA methyltransferase-1 during early developmentDEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS, Issue 7 2009Young Sun Jeong Abstract DNA methyltransferase-1 (Dnmt1) is involved in the maintenance of genomic methylation patterns. Rather than full-length Dnmt1, mouse oocytes have a truncated variant called Dnmt1o. Immunofluorescence data showed that Dnmt1o localized to the cytoplasm, but this has not been confirmed using more direct methods. The cytoplasmic localization of Dnmt1o has been assigned to the main cause of global DNA demethylation in early mouse embryos. We studied localization of Dnmt1o in mouse and pig embryos. We identified pig Dnmt1o protein and its transcript with unique 5,-end sequence. Physically separating mouse and pig 2-cell embryos into their nuclear and cytoplasmic components demonstrated that Dnmt1o of both species localized to the cytoplasm. Cloned pig embryos had Dnmt1o as the main form, with no indication of somatic Dnmt1. These findings indicate that Dnmt1o is cytoplasmic during early development; its presence in both pig and mouse embryos further suggests that Dnmt1o is conserved in mammals. Developmental Dynamics 238:1666,1673, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] The interferon alpha induced protein ISG12 is localized to the nuclear membraneFEBS JOURNAL, Issue 22 2001Pia M. Martensen Interferons exert their biological function mainly through the activation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). ISG12 (originally designated p27) belongs to a family of small, interferon , inducible genes of unknown function. We have determined the 5, end sequence of ISG12 cDNA from the human cell lines HeLa and AMA by RACE. Comparing this sequence to ISG12 sequences in the expressed sequence tag (EST) database revealed the presence of two alternative splice variants of ISG12 in human cells exhibiting the same open reading frame. We have sequenced the promoter region of the ISG12 gene and found ISRE, IRF1/IRF2, and STAT elements correlating to the interferon , inducibility of the gene. Subsequently, we have expressed human ISG12, a 12-kDa hydrophobic protein in the baculovirus expression system and with a C-terminal FLAG-tag in the human cell line 293. Recombinant ISG12 sediments in the nuclear envelope in both cell types. Finally, we have been able to demonstrate the prevalence of the ISG12 gene product in the nuclear envelope of HeLa cells treated with interferon , by immunocytochemical analyses. ISG12 is the first interferon induced protein found localizing to the nuclear envelope. [source] SNPs in ecological and conservation studies: a test in the Scandinavian wolf populationMOLECULAR ECOLOGY, Issue 2 2005J. M. SEDDON Abstract Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have the potential to become the genetic marker of choice in studies of the ecology and conservation of natural populations because of their capacity to access variability across the genome. In this study, we provide one of the first demonstrations of SNP discovery in a wild population in order to address typical issues of importance in ecology and conservation in the recolonized Scandinavian and neighbouring Finnish wolf Canis lupus populations. Using end sequence from BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) clones specific for dogs, we designed assays for 24 SNP loci, 20 sites of which had previously been shown to be polymorphic in domestic dogs and four sites were newly identified as polymorphic in wolves. Of the 24 assayed loci, 22 SNPs were found to be variable within the Scandinavian population and, importantly, these were able to distinguish individual wolves from one another (unbiased probability of identity of 4.33 × 10,8), providing equivalent results to that derived from 12 variable microsatellites genotyped in the same population. An assignment test shows differentiation between the Scandinavian and neighbouring Finnish wolf populations, although not all known immigrants are accurately identified. An exploration of the misclassification rates in the identification of relationships shows that neither 22 SNP nor 20 microsatellite loci are able to discriminate across single order relationships. Despite the remaining obstacle of SNP discovery in nonmodel organisms, the use of SNPs in ecological and conservation studies is encouraged by the advent of large scale screening methods. Furthermore, the ability to amplify extremely small fragments makes SNPs of particular use for population monitoring, where faecal and other noninvasive samples are routinely used. [source] Partial genomic organization of ribosomal protein S7 gene from malaria vector Anopheles stephensiINSECT SCIENCE, Issue 2 2007RAJNIKANT DIXIT Abstract In this study, we describe the partial genomic organization of ribosomal protein S7 gene isolated from the mosquito Anopheles stephensi. Initially a 558 bp partial cDNA sequence was amplified as precursor mRNA sequence containing 223 bp long intron. 5, and 3, end sequences were recovered using end specific rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) polymerase chain reaction. The full-length cDNA sequence was 914 nucleotide long with an open reading frame capable of encoding 192 amino acid long protein with calculated molecular mass of 22 174 Da and a pI point of 9.94. Protein homology search revealed > 75% identity to other insect's S7 ribosomal proteins. Analysis of sequence alignment revealed several highly conserved domains, one of which is related to nuclear localization signal (NLS) region of human rpS7. Interestingly, intron nucleotide sequence comparison with A. gambiae showed a lesser degree of conservation as compared to coding and untranslated regions. Like this, early studies on the genomic organization and cDNA/ Expressed sequence tag analysis (EST) could help in genome annotation of A. stephensi, and would be likely to be sequenced in the future. [source] Construction of integrated genetic linkage maps of the tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) using microsatellite and AFLP markersANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 4 2010E.-M. You Summary The linkage maps of male and female tiger shrimp (P. monodon) were constructed based on 256 microsatellite and 85 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Microsatellite markers obtained from clone sequences of partial genomic libraries, tandem repeat sequences from databases and previous publications and fosmid end sequences were employed. Of 670 microsatellite and 158 AFLP markers tested for polymorphism, 341 (256 microsatellite and 85 AFLP markers) were used for genotyping with three F1 mapping panels, each comprising two parents and more than 100 progeny. Chi-square goodness-of-fit test (,2) revealed that only 19 microsatellite and 28 AFLP markers showed a highly significant segregation distortion (P < 0.005). Linkage analysis with a LOD score of 4.5 revealed 43 and 46 linkage groups in male and female linkage maps respectively. The male map consisted of 176 microsatellite and 49 AFLP markers spaced every ,11.2 cM, with an observed genome length of 2033.4 cM. The female map consisted of 171 microsatellite and 36 AFLP markers spaced every ,13.8 cM, with an observed genome length of 2182 cM. Both maps shared 136 microsatellite markers, and the alignment between them indicated 38 homologous pairs of linkage groups including the linkage group representing the sex chromosome. The karyotype of P. monodon is also presented. The tentative assignment of the 44 pairs of P. monodon haploid chromosomes showed the composition of forty metacentric, one submetacentric and three acrocentric chromosomes. Our maps provided a solid foundation for gene and QTL mapping in the tiger shrimp. [source] Comparison of PERV genomic locations between Asian and European pigsANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 1 2010W. Y. Jung Summary Xenotransplantation from pigs provides a possible solution to the shortage of human organs for allotransplantation. Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) are a possible obstacle to using porcine organs in addition to the immunological barriers. Three main types of PERVs (A, B and C) have been previously investigated in diverse pig breeds. To examine the copy numbers of PERVs and their genomic locations in the Korean native pig genome, we screened a BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) library with PERV-specific protease primers for initial recognition of PERV-positive clones and three sets of envelope-specific primers for the identification of PERV types. A total of 45 PERV-positive clones, nine PERV-A and 36 PERV-B, have been identified from the library screening and the BAC contigs were constructed using the primers designed from BAC end sequences (BESs). These primers were also used for SCH (Somatic Cell Hybrid) and RH (Radiation Hybrid) mapping of the PERV-positive clones. The results indicate that 45 PERV-positive BAC clones belong to nine contigs and a singleton. SCH and IMpRH (INRA-Minnesota Porcine Radiation Hybrid) mapping results indicated that there are at least eight separate PERV genomic locations, consisting of three PERV-A and five PERV-B. One contig could not be mapped, and two contigs are closely located on SSC7. Southern blotting indicates there may be up to 15 additional sites. Further investigation of these clones will contribute to a general strategy to generate PERV-free lines of pigs suitable for xenotransplantation. [source] A map of the common chimpanzee genomeBIOESSAYS, Issue 6 2002Derek E. Wildman The completion of the chimpanzee genome will greatly help us determine which genetic changes are unique to humanity. Chimpanzees are our closest living relative, and a recent study has made considerable progress towards decoding the genome of our sister taxon.1 Over 75,000 common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) bacterial artificial chromosome end sequences were aligned and mapped to the human genome. This study shows the remarkable genetic similarity (98.77%) between humans and chimpanzees, while highlighting intriguing areas of potential difference. If we wish to understand the genetic basis of humankind, the completion of the chimpanzee genome deserves high priority. BioEssays 24:490,493, 2002. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||