Home  About us  Contact
 

African Women (african + woman)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences92%

Kinds of African Women

  • black african woman
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    North African Women in France: Gender, Culture, and Identity.

    INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION REVIEW, Issue 1 2008
    By Caitlin Killian.
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]

    Xanthoma disseminatum in a black African woman

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 11 2008
    FWACP, Shehu M. Yusuf MBBS
    Purpose, To report a partial steroid response of xanthoma disseminatum in a black African woman. Design, Case report and literature review. Methods, Histopathologic study of cutaneous tumour and clinical follow-up. Results, A 32-year-old black African woman with mucocutaneous xanthomatosis and dysphonia, which partially responded to treatment with steroids. Conclusions, Xanthoma dissseminatum is a rare condition for which there is no medical treatment. We reported the condition in a black African woman whose skin and CNS symptoms regressed remarkably within 22 weeks of steroid therapy. [source]

    Prevalence of hepatitis C in an ethnically diverse HIV-1-infected cohort in south London

    HIV MEDICINE, Issue 3 2005
    AH Mohsen
    Objectives There is limited information on the prevalence of and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among HIV-1-infected patients in the UK. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of HCV infection among an ethnically diverse cohort of HIV-infected patients in south London, and to extrapolate from these data the number of co-infected patients in the UK. Methods A total of 1017 HIV-1-infected patients who had attended King's College Hospital HIV clinic between September 2000 and August 2002 were screened for HCV antibody using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or recombinant immunoblot assay. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were obtained from the local computerized database and medical records. We applied our HCV prevalence rates in the different HIV transmission groups to the estimated number of HIV-infected persons in these groups in the UK, to obtain a national estimate of the level of HIV-HCV co-infection. Results Of the 1017 HIV-1-infected patients, 407 (40%) were white men, 158 (15.5%) were black African men, 268 (26.3%) were black African women, and 61 (6%) and 26 (2.6%) were black Caribbean men and women, respectively. Heterosexual exposure was the most common route of HIV acquisition (53.5%), followed by men having sex with men (36.9%), and current or previous injecting drug use (IDU) (7.2%). The overall prevalence of HCV co-infection was 90/1017 (8.9%), but this varied substantially according to route of transmission, from 82.2% among those with a history of IDU (which accounted for 67% of all HCV infections), to 31.8% in those who had received blood products, to 3.5% and 1.8% in those with homosexually and heterosexually acquired infection, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified several independent risk factors for HCV infection: a history of IDU [odds ratio (OR)=107.2; 95% confidence interval (CI)=38.5,298.4], having received blood products (OR=16.5; 95% CI=5.1,53.7), and either being from a white ethnic group (OR=4.3; 95% CI=1.5,12.0) or being born in Southern Europe (OR=6.7; 95% CI=1.5,30.7). Based on the 35 473 known HIV-1-infected persons in the UK and the 10 997 estimated to be unaware of their status, we projected that there are at least 4136 HIV-HCV co-infected individuals in the UK and 979 who are unaware of their status. Conclusions Overall, 9% of our cohort was HIV-HCV co-infected. The prevalence was highest among intravenous drug users (82%), who accounted for most of our HCV cases, and lowest among heterosexual men and women from sub-Saharan Africa and the Caribbean [< 2%]. Our estimate that a significant number of co-infected persons may be unaware of their HIV and HCV status, highlights an urgent need to increase the uptake of HCV and HIV testing, particularly among injecting drug users, to reduce the risk of onward transmission. [source]

    Recurrent Kikuchi,Fujimoto disease during pregnancy: Report of case evolving into systemic lupus erythematosus and review of published work

    JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 4pt2 2008
    Jaume Alijotas-Reig
    Abstract Kikuchi,Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a distinctive, benign type of necrotizing lymphadenitis. KFD is a rare entity, especially during pregnancy. Although first described in Japan, subsequently it has been reported in the West. We communicate herein a case of KFD in African women with bouts during pregnancy. Diagnosis was difficult because peripheral enlarged lymph nodes were absent and an extended differential diagnosis and adequate work-up was necessary. The patient suffered a miscarriage coinciding with a KFD bout. Further pregnancies were uneventful. Follow up showed that KFD evolved into a systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome. [source]

    Sociocultural influences on infant feeding decisions among HIV-infected women in rural Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa

    MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION, Issue 1 2005
    Lucy N. Thairu msc
    Abstract The promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, followed by rapid transition to alternative food sources may be an important public health approach to the reduction of mother-to-child transmission of HIV through breastmilk. The basic ethical principle of ,informed choice' requires that HIV positive women are provided with adequate information about their options. However, information is only one factor that affects their decisions. The objective of this ethnographic study was to identify sociocultural influences on infant feeding decisions in the context of a large cohort study designed to assess the impact of a breastfeeding counselling and support strategy to promote exclusive breastfeeding on postnatal transmission of HIV in African women. Following an initial period of exploratory interviewing, ethnographic techniques were used to interview 22 HIV positive women about their views on infant feeding and health. Interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed and analysed with a text analysis program. Five themes of influences on feeding decisions emerged: (1) social stigma of HIV infection; (2) maternal age and family influences on feeding practices; (3) economic circumstances; (4) beliefs about HIV transmission through breastmilk; and (5) beliefs about the quality of breastmilk compared to formula. The study highlights the role of cultural, social, economic and psychological factors that affect HIV positive women's infant feeding decisions and behaviour. [source]

    Frequency of the basal-like phenotype in African breast cancer,

    APMIS, Issue 12 2007
    HAWA NALWOGA
    Basal-like breast carcinoma has been recognized as a subtype with specific prognostic implications. However, there is a lack of reports about this category of breast tumors in African women. The aim of this study was to explore the basal-like phenotype in breast cancer patients in an African population, and a registry-based series was included from the well-defined Kyadondo County in Uganda (1.7 millions). We studied a total of 65 archival paraffin blocks of invasive breast cancer using antibodies against cytokeratin 5/6 and P-cadherin, and these markers were expressed in 34% of all cases and in 52% of ER (estrogen receptor)-negative tumors. All basal-like tumors were ER negative (p<0.0005) and PR (progesterone receptor) negative (p=0.002). Basal-like breast carcinomas were of a higher histologic grade (p=0.001), had high mitotic counts (p=0.002), and marked nuclear pleomorphism (p=0.002). P-cadherin-positive tumors had a high Ki-67 proliferative rate (p=0.039). In conclusion, the basal-like phenotype is frequent in this African series of breast cancer and is strongly associated with poor prognostic factors. Our findings might be significant in relation to clinical management of these patients, including novel targeted therapy. [source]

    Tissue kallikrein activity in pregnancy

    AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 4 2000
    S M Khedun
    Summary: To determine tissue kallikrein (TK) activity in black African women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; 140 women were recruited and divided into the following groups: group A , 35 preeclamptic women, group B , 35 mild to moderate hypertensive pregnant women and group C , 35 normotensive pregnant women, and group D , 35 normotensive non-pregnant healthy women. The activity of tissue kallikrein was determined from a random untimed urine sample using a selective, synthetic chro-mogenic tripeptide substrate having the sequence H-D-Val-Leu-Arg-pNA (S-2266). Urinary sodium and potassium levels was determined by flame photometry. Tissue kallikrein activity was decreased in women with preeclampsia (1.54 ± 0.95 vs 3.05 ± 0.83 ngTK/,g protein; p < 0.0001) and mild to moderate hypertensive group (2.03 ± 0.76 vs 3.05 ± 0.83 ngTK/,g protein; p < 0.0001) compared with normotensive pregnant women. There was also a significant difference in tissue kallikrein activity between the pregnancy groups (1.54 ± 0.95 vs 2.03 ± 0.76 ngTK/,g protein; p < 0.001). No difference in tissue kallikrein activity was observed between normotensive pregnant and normotensive non-pregnant healthy women (3.05 ± 0.83 vs 3.14 ± 0.88 ngTK/,g protein; p = 0.51). There was no difference in the excretion of urinary sodium and potassium in pregnancy groups compared to normotensive pregnant group. Tissue kallikrein activity is decreased in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. [source]

    The risk of preterm delivery in women from different ethnic groups

    BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 8 2002
    Paul Aveyard
    Objective To examine whether routinely measured variables explained the increased risk of preterm delivery in some UK ethnic groups. Design Cross sectional study of deliveries recorded in the Child Health Record System. Setting North Birmingham, UK. Population All North Birmingham women delivering singletons, 1994,1997 inclusive. Method Logistic regression. Main outcome measures Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for preterm delivery, defined as less than 37 weeks, less than 34 weeks and less than 28 weeks, unadjusted and adjusted for maternal age, an area-based socio-economic status measure, and marital status, year of birth, fetal sex and past obstetric history. Results For Afro-Caribbean women, the ORs (95% CIs) were: for delivery less than 37 weeks, 1.44 (1.26,1.64) unadjusted and 1.22 (1.07,1.41) adjusted; for delivery less than 34 weeks, 1.55 (1.25,1.92) unadjusted and 1.29 (1.02,1.61) adjusted; for delivery less than 28 weeks, 1.66 (1.08,2.55) unadjusted and 1.32 (0.84,2.06) adjusted. For African women, the risk of delivery less than 37 weeks was not significantly raised; for delivery less than 34 weeks, the OR (95% CI) was 1.88 (0.99,3.58) unadjusted and 1.78 (0.93,3.40) adjusted; for delivery less than 28 weeks, the OR (95% CI) was 4.02 (1.60,10.12) unadjusted and 4.10 (1.66,10.16) adjusted. In Afro-Caribbeans, deprivation and marital status explained the differences between the unadjusted and adjusted ORs. There was a linear relation between deprivation and preterm delivery for all ethnic groups, except for Asians. Conclusions Factors associated with deprivation and marital status explain about half of the excess of preterm births in Afro-Caribbeans, but not Africans. The risk of preterm delivery might not be related to deprivation in Asians. [source]

    Polymorphisms in various coagulation genes in black South African women with placental abruption

    BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 5 2002
    B. Hira
    This pilot study examined Factor V Leiden (R506Q), prothrombin (20210G , A), thrombomodulin (A455V) and MTHFR (677C ,T) in 100 Zulu-speaking black South African women with placental abruption and 217 controls. The Factor V Leiden and prothrombin variant gene alleles were not detected in either patient or control groups. The thrombomodulin polymorphic variant was not seen in the patient group but three heterozygotes (1%) were found in the controls. No homozygotes for the MTHFR T677 variant were detected in the patients but two (1%) were noted in the controls; the normal and heterozygote genotype and allele frequencies for this polymorphism were similar in the two groups. [source]

    The p53 codon 72 polymorphism in black South African women and the risk of cervical cancer

    BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 9 2000
    Rosemary Pegoraro Senior Research Fellow
    The p53 codon 72 genotype was examined in blood samples taken from 121 Zulu-speaking black South African women with histologically proven squamous carcinoma of the cervix. Freshly biopsied tumour tissue was also available for human papillomavirus subtyping from 100 of these women. A control group consisted of 251 healthy race-matched women attending a contraceptive service facility. The results show that there were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of the homozygous arginine genotype between patients with cancer of cervix, irrespective of human papillomavirus status, and healthy controls. This finding suggests that the arginine allele does not predispose towards viral tumour genesis in this population, and supports the findings of research done in other ethnic groups. [source]