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Enhanced Immune Response (enhanced + immune_response)
Selected AbstractsT-cell interleukin-6 receptor binding in interferon-,-1b-treated multiple sclerosis patientsEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 6 2000P. Bongioanni Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, associated with an altered cytokine network. We previously assayed peripheral blood T-lymphocyte binding for two prototypic cytokines, tumour necrosis factor-, (TNF-,) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and found that T cells from MS patients had significantly more TNF-, and IL-6 receptors than those from healthy controls. In the present work, paralleling a previous one on T-cell TNF-, binding, we studied the effect of interferon (IFN)-,-1b treatment on T-lymphocyte IL-6 binding in patients with relapsing,remitting MS. T cells from MS patients had significantly (P < 0.001) higher amounts of IL-6 receptors than those from controls [292 ± 6 vs. 228 ± 8 (mean ± SEM) receptors per cell, respectively], whereas the ligand-receptor affinity values were similar in the two groups [26.2 ± 0.7 and 25.7 ± 0.4 (mean ± SEM) pmoles/l, respectively]. After a 3-month IFN-,-1b treatment, they showed a significant decrease in IL-6 binding [266 ± 7 (mean ± SEM) receptors per cell]. After 6 and 9 months, T-cell IL-6 Bmax values were even lower [258 ± 8 and 251 ± 8 (mean ± SEM) receptors per cell]. Since an increased IL-6 binding might be linked to a lymphocyte activation, our data give further support for an enhanced immune response in patients with MS. Our data seem to demonstrate that the major effects of IFN-,-1b treatment result in a decrease of T-cell activation. [source] Manipulation of the small intestine as a cause of the increased inflammatory response after open compared with laparoscopic surgery,,BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 2 2006N. Hiki Background: Laparoscopic surgery of the gastrointestinal tract involves a reduced immune response compared with open surgery. The aim of this study was to assess manual handling of the gut in open procedures as the principal cause of the enhanced immune response. Methods: Eighteen Landrace pigs underwent gastrectomy by three different methods: conventional open wound with bowel manipulation, laparoscopically assisted gastrectomy, and gastrectomy without manipulation using a combination of open wound and laparoscopic surgical devices. Local inflammatory changes were assessed by ascites formation, intestinal adhesion development and intestinal inflammatory gene expression. Associated systemic inflammatory changes were determined by measuring portal and systemic plasma endotoxin levels, plasma inflammatory cytokine levels, liver inflammatory gene expression and transaminase levels. Results: Significantly more postoperative intra-abdominal fluid and adhesions were seen in the open group. The expression of inflammatory cytokines was significantly greater in the intestine and liver in the open group. Portal and systemic levels of endotoxin, inflammatory cytokines and transaminases were also higher. Conclusion: Manual handling of organs during gastrectomy is an important contributor to the molecular and humoral inflammatory response to surgery, supporting the use of minimally invasive techniques in gastrointestinal surgery. Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes , patients' cohort profile in the Czech RepublicACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2 2001toura Reported paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are rare disabling neurological diseases with supposed autoimmune pathogenesis. The aims of this study were to evaluate frequency, clinical course and therapeutic response in the cohort of PNS positive patients (n=10) in the Czech Republic for the first time. Second, we determined the presence and distribution of oligoclonal IgG bands (OB IgG) in PNS and compared the clinical and laboratory features of OB IgG positive and negative patients. A total of 2355 suspicious serum and/or CSF samples were screened by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry with definite confirmation by Western blot. OB IgG were detected by isoelectric focusing and immunoenzymatic staining and clinical status was scored according to modified Rankin scale (RS). Four patients had anti-Yo antibody, ovarian cancer and the score in range (2,5) on RS. Five patients had anti-Hu antibody, small cell lung cancer (SCLC), prostate cancer and the score between 1,4 grade on RS. One patient with SCLC and anti-Ri antibody had grade 2. Five of 10 patients with PNS had positive OB IgG and average value 4.2 on RS comparing with negative OB IgG patients with average value 2.6. Finally, we add well-defined cohort of PNS patients to emerging European profile of PNS and conclude that the presence of OB IgG in PNS seems to reflect enhanced immune response with more severe neurological damage and clinical course. [source] Involvement of intraocular structures in disseminated histoplasmosisACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 4 2010Marianne Ala-Kauhaluoma Abstract. Purpose:, To describe ocular involvement and response to treatment in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with severe progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH). Methods:, We report a 35-year-old HIV-infected patient seen in our clinics over a period of 4 years. During antiretroviral treatment (ART), the HIV load became undetectable at 3 months; however, CD4 T-cell count increased slowly and rose to 100 cells/,l. Histoplasma capsulatum was cultured from skin pustules, cerebrospinal fluid (CF) and aqueous humour. Results:, The patient developed central nervous system (CNS) involvement 2 months and panuveitis in both eyes 4 months after the initiation of ART. With intravenous liposomal amphotericin B followed by oral voricanozole, the chorioretinal lesions of the right eye (RE) became inactivated and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions of CNS disappeared. Relapse of the inflammation in the anterior segment of the left eye (LE) resulted in a total closure of the chamber angle and severe glaucoma. Despite medical therapy, two cyclophotocoagulations, total vitrectomy and repeated intravitreal amphotericin B injections, LE became blind. Histoplasma capsulatum was cultured from the aqueous humour after antifungal therapy of 16 months' duration. Conclusion:, PDH with intraocular and CNS manifestations was probably manifested by an enhanced immune response against a previous subclinical disseminated infection. It seems difficult to eradicate H. capsulatum from the anterior segment of the eye in an immunocompromised patient. [source] Photodynamic therapy-generated tumor cell lysates with CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide enhance immunotherapy efficacy in human papillomavirus 16 (E6/E7) immortalized tumor cellsCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 5 2007Su-Mi Bae Immunotherapy with photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers great promise as a new alternative for cancer treatment; however, its use remains experimental. In this study, we examined the immunotherapeutic significance of human papillomavirus (HPV)-immortalized tumor cell lysates induced by PDT with CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN). PDT-cell lysates were generated by irradiating Radachlorin (5 µg/mL) preloaded TC-1 cells carrying HPV 16 E7. PDT-cell lysates plus ODN coinjection for protection against E7-expressing tumors as well as specific immune responses were evaluated with the following tests: heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in vitro and in vivo tumor growth inhibition, interferon-, (IFN-,) and tumor necrosis factor-, (TNF-,) assay, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte assay, and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. PDT-cell lysates plus ODN coinjection showed a significant suppression of tumor growth at both prophylactic and therapeutic levels, compared to PDT (or F/T)-cell lysates or ODN alone. In addition, we evaluated the level of the immune response with the coinjection. HSP70, an important regulator of inflammatory and immune response, was observed in abundance in the PDT-cell lysates. IFN-, production and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) responses were induced by PDT-cell lysates plus ODN injection. The coinjection resulted in PDT-cell lysate-specific antibodies (IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3) and T-helper cell responses significantly higher than PDT-cell lysates alone. Moreover, IFN-, production and CTL responses were significantly induced in the PDT-cell lysate plus ODN immunized groups. These enhanced immune responses appeared to be mediated by CD8+ T cells only. These data suggest that PDT-cell lysates plus ODN injection may be an effective approach to induce CTL immune responses as a possible immunotherapeutic strategy for cancer therapy. (Cancer Sci 2007; 98: 747,752) [source] | ||||||||||