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Emollients Used (emollient + used)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Prevalence and risk factors for allergic contact dermatitis to topical treatment in atopic dermatitis: a study in 641 children

ALLERGY, Issue 5 2009
C. Mailhol
Background:, There is little information regarding the risk of sensitization associated with topical atopic dermatitis (AD) treatment. Objectives:, To assess the frequency of sensitization to topical treatment of AD in children and to determine risk factors associated with skin sensitization. Methods:, Six hundred and forty-one children with AD were systematically patch tested with seven agents of common topical treatment: chlorhexidine, hexamidine, budesonide, tixocortol pivalate, bufexamac, sodium fusidate and with the current emollient used by the child. The following variables were recorded: age, sex, age at onset of AD, associated asthma, severity of AD, and history of previous exposure to topical agents used in the treatment of AD. Skin prick tests to inhalant and food allergens were used to explore the IgE-mediated sensitization. Results:, Forty-one positive patch tests were found in 40 patients (6.2%). Allergens were emollients (47.5%), chlorhexidine (42.5%), hexamidine (7.5%), tixocortol pivalate and bufexamac (2.5% each). Risk factors associated with sensitization to AD treatment were AD severity [OR: 3.3; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.5,7.1 for moderate to severe AD], AD onset before the age of 6 months (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2,6.1), and IgE-mediated sensitization (OR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1,5.9). Conclusions:, Topical treatment of AD is associated with cutaneous sensitization. Antiseptics and emollients represent the most frequent sensitizers and may be included in the standard series in AD children when contact dermatitis is suspected. Risk factors associated with sensitization to AD topical treatments are AD severity, early AD onset and IgE-mediated sensitization. [source]

Study of sensory properties of emollients used in cosmetics and their correlation with physicochemical properties

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, Issue 6 2005
M. E. Parente
Eight liquid emollients (mineral oil, sunflower oil, squalane, decyl-oleate, isopropyl-myristate, octyldodecanol, dimethicone, and cyclomethicone) were characterized by instrumental and sensory methods and evaluated to determine the relationship between sensory and instrumental measures. Sensory analysis was carried out by a panel of 14 assessors, who evaluated the following attributes: difficulty of spreading, gloss, residue, stickiness, slipperiness, softness, and oiliness. The physicochemical properties measured were spreadability (at 1½ and 1 min), viscosity, and superficial tension. Data collected were statistically analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA), and linear partial least squares regression analysis (PLS). In consideration of their physicochemical characteristics, the studied emollients were sorted into three groups, in which the silicones distinctly separate from the rest. Sensory characteristics enabled the discrimination of four groups of emollients where, besides the two silicones, isopropyl myristate was also differentiated. PLS revealed that emollient sensory attributes could be well predicted by instrumental measurements. [source]

Change in ultraviolet (UV) transmission following the application of vaseline to non-irradiated and UVB-exposed split skin

BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2000
K. Hoffmann
Background ,Topical preparations such as emollients used in combination with phototherapy can interfere with such treatment. Objectives,This study was performed to investigate the impact of vaseline on the ultraviolet (UV) transmission of non-irradiated split skin and on split skin previously exposed to UVB radiation. Methods,Split-skin specimens were obtained from 20 patients. In each case, one sample was taken from an area of non-irradiated skin, while the second was taken from an area that had been previously exposed to UVB. The transmission was spectrophotometrically measured with split skin placed in specially designed quartz glass cuvettes before and after the application of two different amounts of vaseline (2·5 and 17·5 mg cm,2). Results,Application of vaseline to skin previously exposed to UVB caused significant (P < 0·0001) changes in UV transmission in certain wavelength ranges. In the UVA range, a greater increase in transmission was achieved with 2·5 mg cm,2 vaseline, whereas in the UVB range, a greater increase was achieved with 17·5 mg cm,2 vaseline. The thicker the layer of vaseline applied, the lower was the difference in transmission between non-irradiated split skin and UVB-exposed split skin. Conclusions,Application of the correct amount of vaseline can enhance transmission in either the UVA or UVB range, and would enable dose reduction during a course of phototherapy. [source]

A pilot study on the use of wet wraps in infants with moderate atopic eczema

CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2004
P. E. Beattie
Summary Wet wrap therapy (WWT) is a well-established treatment for severe atopic dermatitis (AD). However little evidence exists to justify widespread use in the community for less severe eczema. We compared the efficacy of WWT with a standard regime of hydrocortisone, to control moderate AD in children. We carried out a single-observer, randomized, controlled pilot study in 19 children under 5 years of age, with AD of 30% or more body surface area, using only 1% hydrocortisone (HC) prior to the study. Group one applied HC once in the morning for 2 weeks, with wet wraps twice daily for week 1, but only at night for week 2. Group two applied HC twice daily without wet wraps. Both applied emollient twice daily and as necessary. The primary outcome measure was the Six Area, Six Sign Atopic Dermatitis (SASSAD) severity score, and the secondary outcome measures were the Infants Dermatology Quality of Life Index (IDQOL), the Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI) score and the weight of topical steroids and emollients used. Over the 2-week active therapy period the mean fall in SASSAD was 8 [95% confidence interval (CI), ,18 to +2; P = 0.11] more in the non-WWT group, the median change in the IDQOL was 2 for Group one and 7 for Group two (95% CI for difference, ,10 to +3; P = 0.24) and the median change in DFI score was 2 for Group one and 5 for Group two (95% CI for difference, ,14 to +2; P = 0.42). This small study has shown that conventional therapy with HC and emollients alone is as effective as WWT for infants with moderately severe, widespread AD, and provides weak evidence to suggest that it may be more effective. We would not advocate routine use of WWT for moderate eczema without further evaluation. [source]