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Emergent Phenomenon (emergent + phenomenon)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Psychology	40%

Selected Abstracts

Legal piperazine-containing party pills-a new trend in substance misuse

DRUG AND ALCOHOL REVIEW, Issue 3 2007
JANIE SHERIDAN
In this Harm Reduction Digest Sheridan, Butler, Wilkins and Russell address the emergent phenomenon of so-called ,legal party pills' which have become a significant drug issue in New Zealand and elsewhere. Although banned in a number of countries, they are currently legally available in New Zealand where they are marketed as ,safe' alternatives' to ,illicit' drugs often used in the dance scene such as MDMA and amphetamines. The authors describe the availability and use of these substances in New Zealand, summarize what is known about their effects, and speculate on harm reduction interventions and mechanisms of control and their possible sequelae. The paper provides a timely account of an emerging drug issue of relevance to harm reduction internationally. [source]

Complexity Theory and the Philosophy of Education

EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY AND THEORY, Issue 1 2008
Mark Mason
Abstract Following a brief introduction to complexity theory, this paper considers how various themes in the field relate to the philosophical study of education. Issues and questions introduced include the challenge of complexity theory for the philosophy of education,and, conversely, some critical challenges for complexity theory from educational philosophy; complexity theory and educational continuity and change; the importance that complexity theory places on interpretive perspectives that are transphenomenal, transdisciplinary and transdiscursive; the risks of simplifying complexity to a point that excludes its ambiguities and includes only its dominant usages; the degree of coherence between Dewey's philosophical orientation and that of complexity theory; how Foucault might be read as a complexity theorist; how educational research informed by complexity theory might ask different questions with different analytical perspectives,connectionist, holistic, non-linear, rather than input,output ,black-box' causal modelling, for example; and how curriculum, teaching, the epistemology of schooling, and the ,education of consciousness',understood s an emergent phenomenon,might be different when viewed from the perspective of complexity theory. [source]

Emergence and Consequences of Division of Labor in Associations of Normally Solitary Sweat Bees

ETHOLOGY, Issue 4 2009
C. Tate Holbrook
Division of labor is a pervasive feature of animal societies, but little is known about the causes or consequences of division of labor in non-eusocial cooperative groups. We tested whether division of labor self-organizes in an incipient social system: artificially induced nesting associations of the normally solitary sweat bee Lasioglossum (Ctenonomia) NDA-1 (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). We quantified task performance and construction output by females nesting either alone or with a conspecific. Within pairs, a division of labor repeatedly arose in which one individual specialized on excavation and pushing/tamping while her nestmate guarded the nest entrance. Task specialization could not be attributed to variation in overall activity, and the degree of behavioral differentiation was greater than would be expected due to random variation, indicating that division of labor was an emergent phenomenon generated in part by social dynamics. Excavation specialists did not incur a survival cost, in contrast to previous findings for ant foundress associations. Paired individuals performed more per capita guarding, and pairs collectively excavated deeper nests than single bees , potential early advantages of social nesting in halictine bees. [source]

A model of event-generated dependence in older adults

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OLDER PEOPLE NURSING, Issue 3 2007
APRN-BC, Kathleen L. Patusky PhD
Aims and objectives., The proposed model of event-generated dependence characterizes dependence in older adults as an emergent phenomenon that may arise from interaction between the older adult with compromised health and the social environment, resulting in altered reciprocity. Background., Pejorative characterizations of dependence in older adults influence nursing care negatively. Concept analyses recommend the recognition that dependence is interactive in nature, not an inherent trait of the individual, and that dependence involves changes in interpersonal reciprocity. Conclusions., The model provides a testable causal path between dependence and psychological outcomes. Relevance to clinical practice., The event generated dependence model can sensitize nurses to an alternative view of dependence. It is important for nurses to recognize their role in determining the social environment of care, attend to the promotion of reciprocity with older adults as care is provided, and incorporate changes in their attitudes toward inequitable reciprocity. [source]

Jung's dissociable psyche and the ec-static self

THE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 5 2009
Sue Austin
Abstract:, Much of Jung's later work assumes that the self is an,a priori,phenomenon in which centripetal dynamics dominate. There is, however, another current in Jung's writings which recognizes the self to be an emergent phenomenon. This view is increasingly prevalent in post-Jungian discourse, and Louis Zinkin's exploration of a post-Jungian-constructivist model of the self can be seen as part of this tendency. My paper privileges an emergent understanding of the self by focusing on the ,unravelling', ,de-centring', centrifugal experiences of otherness in the psyche. It offers a post-Jungian reading of a number of writers who have been influenced by the psychoanalyst Jean Laplanche and proposes a model of the self which focuses on our fantasies, terrors and longings about coming undone and bringing others undone. This model is then linked to Judith Butler's understanding of the self as an ec-static phenomenon, in which the self is, of necessity, outside itself, such that ,there is no final moment in which my return to myself takes place'. I suggest that Jung's early clinical researches into the dissociability of the psyche and the clinical tools which he developed as a result of this work are especially suitable for engaging with these emergent, centrifugal dynamics. Translations of Abstract Une grande partie de l'oeuvre tardive de Jung part du principe que le soi est un phénomène,a priori, commandé par une dynamique centripète. Il existe cependant un autre courant dans les écrits de Jung, qui reconnaît au soi la qualité de phénomène émergent. Cette vision prévaut amplement dans le discours post-jungien. L'exploration par Louis Zinkin d'un modèle constructiviste post-jungien peut être considérée comme une manifestation de cette tendance. Mon article privilégie une compréhension émergente du soi en mettant l'accent sur les expériences centrifuges de « dé-centrement » et de « dé-nouement » de l'altérité interne de la psyché. Il suggère une lecture post-jungienne de certains auteurs influencés par le psychanalyste Jean Laplanche et propose un modèle du soi qui se focalise sur nos fantasmes, terreurs et désirs de dénouement de soi et des autres. Ce modèle est ensuite rapproché de la conception de Judith Butler du soi comme phénomène ex-tatique où le soi est, par nécessité, hors de lui, de sorte qu'« il n'y a pas de moment final de retour à moi-même ». J'avance l'idée que les premières recherches cliniques de Jung sur la dissociabilité de la psyché et les outils cliniques issus de cette recherche sont particulièrement adaptés pour appréhender cette dynamique émergente et centrifuge. In vielen von Jungs späteren Schriften wird unterstellt, daß das Selbst eine,a priori -Gegebenheit sei, in der zentripetale Dynamiken dominieren. Da gibt es jedoch noch eine andere Strömung in Jungs Schriften, die das Selbst als ein sich entwickelndes Phänomen auffaßt. Diese Sicht rückt in post-jungianischen Diskussionen zunehmend in der Vordergrund. Louis Zinkins Darstellung eines post-jungianischen konstruktivistischen Modells des Selbst kann als Teil dieser Tendenz angesehen werden. Mein Text bevorzugt ein entwicklungsorientiertes Verständnis des Selbst durch Konzentration auf die ,enträtselnden', ,dezentrierenden', zentrifugalen Erfahrungen des inneren Andersseins in der Psyche. Es bietet eine post-jungianische Lesart einer Anzahl von Autoren die durch den Psychoanalytiker Jean Laplanche beeinflußt wurden und entwirft ein Modell des Selbst welches auf unsere Phantasien, Ängste und Sehnsüchte bezüglich Sich-Öffnen und andere zum Sich-Öffnen zu bringen fokussiert. Diese Modell wird sodann in Verbindung gesetzt zu Judith Butlers Verständnis des Selbst als eines ekstatischen Phänomens in dem das Selbst, notwendigerweise, außer sich ist, so daß,da kein abschließender Moment ist, in dem meine Rückkehr zu mir selbst stattfände'. Ich vermute, daß Jungs frühe klinische Untersuchungen über die Trennbarkeit der Seele und die klinischen Werkzeuge, die er im Laufe seiner Arbeit entwickelte, besonders geeignet sind um sich diesen emergenten zentrifugalen Dynamiken zu nähern. Molti degli ultimi lavori di Jung sostengono che il séè un fenomeno,a priori,nel quale dominano dinamiche centripete. Tuttavia esiste un'altra corrente negli scritti junghiani che considera il sé un fenomeno emergente. Tale modo di vedere è sempre più prevalente nei testi post-junghiani, e l'analisi di Louis Zinkin di un modello costruttivista post junghiano del sé può essere visto come parte di tale tendenza. Nel mio lavoro viene privilegiata una idea emergente del sé che si focalizza sulle esperienze centrifughe, ,decentranti', ,disfacenti' dell'alterità interna alla psiche. Ciò offre una lettura di un certo numero di scrittori post-junghiani che sono stati influenzati dallo psicoanalista Jean laplanche e propongono un modello del sé che si focalizza sulle nostre fantasie, i nostri terrori e i nostri desideri di diventare liberi e di portare gli altri alla libertà. Tale modello è quindi legato al modo di Judith Butler di intendere il sé come un fenomeno estatico, nel quale il séè necessariamente fuori di sé, cosicché,non c'è mai un momento finale nel quale ha luogo un ritorno a me stesso'. Penso che le prime ricerche cliniche di Jung sulla dissociabilità della psiche e gli strumenti clinici che sviluppa come risultato di tale lavoro siano particolarmente adatti per impegnarsi con queste dinamiche centrifughe emergenti. Mucho del trabajo tardío de Jung asume al ,Ser' cómo un fenómeno,a priori,en el cual domina la dinámica centrípeta. Hay, sin embargo, otra corriente en los escritos de Jung que reconoce al ser cómo fenómeno emergente. Esta opinión es cada vez más dominante en el discurso post-jungiano, y en la exploración constructivista de Louis Zinkin de un modelo Jungiano del ser puede ser vista como parte de esta tendencia. Mi trabajo favorece la comprensión emergente del ser por centrarse en el ,desenredar', ,de-centrar', experiencias centrífugas de la alteridad interior en la psique. Ofrece una lectura post-jungiano de varios escritores que han sido influidos por el psicoanalista Jean Laplanche y propone un modelo del ser que se centra en nuestras fantasías, los terrores y los anhelos acerca del deshacernos y traer a otros a deshacerse. Este modelo entonces es ligado a la comprensión de Judith Butler del ser como un fenómeno extático, en que el ser es, forzosamente, fuera de sí mismo, tanto que ,no hay momento final en el cual suceda mi regreso a mí mismo. Sugiero que las investigaciones clínicas tempranas de Jung sobre la disociabilidad de la psique y los instrumentos clínicos que él desarrolló a consecuencia de este trabajo son especialmente apropiados para comprometerse con estas dinámicas emergentes y centrífugas. [source]