			Home About us Contact

Electronic Processes (electronic + process)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Physics and Astronomy	50%

Selected Abstracts

Linking data to electronic records

QUALITY ASSURANCE JOURNAL, Issue 2 2003
Heather Longden
Abstract Today it is possible to maintain electronic records in a single application in compliance with 21 CFR Part 11. However, most electronic data for a sample in an analytical laboratory is spread across a number of software applications as well as traditional paper systems. This article will examine how it is possible to link both paper and electronic records together in hybrid systems. A case study is used to demonstrate the practical aspects of a totally electronic process. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Electronic and atomic relaxation processes in irradiated cryocrystals

PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (A) APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, Issue 2 2005
E. V. Savchenko
Abstract Relaxation processes and stability of charge centers in preirradiated cryocrystals doped with atomic and molecular species are discussed. The study was performed combining techniques of spectrally resolved thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL), thermally stimulated exoelectron emission (TSEE) and photon-stimulated exoelectron emission (PSEE). Comparison of the yields of electrons and photons in VUV and visible ranges made it possible to discriminate between reactions of charge carriers and neutral reactive species and find interconnection between atomic and electronic processes of relaxation. The radiative mechanism of electronic relaxation stimulation via an atomic subsystem is verified. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source]

Ionic and electronic processes in non-linear optical crystals

PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (C) - CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, Issue 1 2005
Igor N. Ogorodnikov
Abstract The paper presents the results of a study of the formation and decay of lattice defects in nonlinear optical crystals of NH4H2PO4 (ADP), KH2PO4 (KDP), Li2B4O7 (LTB) and LiB3O5 (LBO) with a sublattice of mobile hydrogen (ADP, KDP) and lithium (LTB, LBO) cations. By means of the luminescent and absorption optical spectroscopy with (the) a nanosecond time resolution under excitation with an electron beam, it was revealed that the optical absorption of these crystals in the visible and UV spectral ranges is produced by optical hole-transitions from the local defect level to the valence band states. The valence band density of the states determines the optical absorption spectral profile, and the relaxation kinetics is rated by the interdefect radiationless tunnel recombination between the trapped hole center and the H0 and Li0 electron trapped centers. At 290 K, the H0 and Li0 centers are subject to thermally stimulated migration. All manifestations of a radiative recombination observed in these crystals are accounted for by the involvement of additional electronic and hole centers of a different nature in the recombination process. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source]

Organic Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons as Sensitizing Model Dyes for Semiconductor Nanoparticles

CHEMSUSCHEM CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABILITY, ENERGY & MATERIALS, Issue 4 2010
Yongyi Zhang
Abstract The study of interfacial charge-transfer processes (sensitization) of a dye bound to large-bandgap nanostructured metal oxide semiconductors, including TiO2, ZnO, and SnO2, is continuing to attract interest in various areas of renewable energy, especially for the development of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The scope of this Review is to describe how selected model sensitizers prepared from organic polyaromatic hydrocarbons have been used over the past 15 years to elucidate, through a variety of techniques, fundamental aspects of heterogeneous charge transfer at the surface of a semiconductor. This Review does not focus on the most recent or efficient dyes, but rather on how model dyes prepared from aromatic hydrocarbons have been used, over time, in key fundamental studies of heterogeneous charge transfer. In particular, we describe model chromophores prepared from anthracene, pyrene, perylene, and azulene. As the level of complexity of the model dye-bridge-anchor group compounds has increased, the understanding of some aspects of very complex charge transfer events has improved. The knowledge acquired from the study of the described model dyes is of importance not only for DSSC development but also to other fields of science for which electronic processes at the molecule/semiconductor interface are relevant. [source]