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Electronic Monitoring (electronic + monitoring)
Selected AbstractsWATCHING THE DETECTIVES: SEASONAL STUDENT EMPLOYEE REACTIONS TO ELECTRONIC MONITORING WITH AND WITHOUT ADVANCE NOTIFICATIONPERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2002AUDRA D. HOVORKA-MEAD The present paper tested procedural justice hypotheses about seasonal high school and college student employees' reactions to electronic monitoring with video cameras. Study 1, a field study, explored (a) whether employees receiving advance notification of monitoring offered more favorable justice judgments than employees who did not, and (b) whether employees who saw monitoring procedures and/or consequences as fair returned to the organization the following summer. Results supported the hypotheses: employees viewed monitoring procedures as fairer if they received advance notice. Fairness judgments predicted reemployment Study 2, a scenario-based laboratory experiment, also found that advance notice elicited greater justice beliefs. In addition, Study 2 examined how variations in justification for the monitoring affected justice beliefs. Either strong or weak justifications produced greater procedural justice beliefs than no justification. [source] Understanding Offenders' Compliance: A Case Study of Electronically Monitored Curfew OrdersJOURNAL OF LAW AND SOCIETY, Issue 2 2009Anthea Hucklesby The focus of this paper is on offenders' compliance, which is an important but largely neglected area of criminal justice. The paper draws on an empirical study of offenders' compliance with electronically monitored curfew orders with the aim of elucidating theories of compliance. Electronic monitoring is used as a case study to illustrate some of the factors which influence offenders' compliance. One of the main strengths of electronic monitoring is the certainty and speed at which non-compliance can be detected and, as expected, instrumental compliance was found to be important. Nonetheless, the paper suggests that the reasons why offenders comply or fail to comply are complex and interrelated and encompass many different factors including procedural justice, individual motivation, and attachments to significant others. The implications of these findings for compliance theories and community sentence policy are explored. [source] Electronically monitored cowpea aphid feeding behavior on resistant and susceptible lupinsENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA, Issue 3 2001Geoffrey W. Zehnder Abstract The feeding behavior of cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) was examined on seedlings of narrow leafed lupin, Lupinus angustifolius L., and yellow lupin, L. luteus L., using electronic monitoring of insect feeding behavior (EMIF). Aphid feeding behavior was first compared between resistant (cv. Kalya) and susceptible (cv. Tallerack) varieties of narrow-leafed lupin. Aphids spent significantly more time in non- penetration and stylet pathway activities, and significantly less time in the sieve element phase on Kalya than on Tallerack, suggesting that feeding deterrence is an important component of aphid resistance in Kalya. Aphid feeding on a susceptible yellow lupin variety (cv. Wodjil) was then compared with that on two resistant lines, one (Teo) with high and the other (94D024-1) with low seed alkaloid content. There were no consistent differences in aphid feeding behavior between Wodjil and Teo. Total, mean and percentage sieve element phase times were significantly lower, and total and percentage times in non-phloem phase were greater on 94D024-1 than on Wodjil, suggesting the possibility of phloem-based deterrence in 94D024-1. [source] Understanding Offenders' Compliance: A Case Study of Electronically Monitored Curfew OrdersJOURNAL OF LAW AND SOCIETY, Issue 2 2009Anthea Hucklesby The focus of this paper is on offenders' compliance, which is an important but largely neglected area of criminal justice. The paper draws on an empirical study of offenders' compliance with electronically monitored curfew orders with the aim of elucidating theories of compliance. Electronic monitoring is used as a case study to illustrate some of the factors which influence offenders' compliance. One of the main strengths of electronic monitoring is the certainty and speed at which non-compliance can be detected and, as expected, instrumental compliance was found to be important. Nonetheless, the paper suggests that the reasons why offenders comply or fail to comply are complex and interrelated and encompass many different factors including procedural justice, individual motivation, and attachments to significant others. The implications of these findings for compliance theories and community sentence policy are explored. [source] Beyond the Courtroom Workgroup: Caseworkers as the New Satellite of Social ControlLAW & POLICY, Issue 4 2009URSULA CASTELLANO Many jurisdictions nationwide are faced with overcrowded jails, backlogged court dockets, and high rates of recidivism for mostly nonviolent offenders. To address these complex problems, law enforcement officials have institutionalized alternatives to incarceration programs, including work furloughs, electronic monitoring, and treatment courts. These recent trends in legal reform are designed to reduce and prevent criminal behavior by helping to reintegrate defendants back into their local communities. One aspect that has been largely unaddressed in prior research is that jail-alternative programs are primarily staffed by caseworkers with outside nonprofit agencies. This important group of nonlegal actors plays a pivotal role in crafting decisions to divert low-level offenders from the criminal justice system; few studies, however, explore the organizational contexts surrounding caseworkers' everyday decision-making practices. In response, I draw upon ethnographic data to analyze the ways that pretrial release caseworkers in a California county evaluate defendants' entitlement to release on their own recognizance. The results of this study suggest that caseworkers exercise discretion beyond the traditional power structure of the courtroom workgroup. I conclude that caseworkers emerge as the new satellite of social control in contemporary courts. [source] Monitoring adherence to beclomethasone in asthmatic children and adolescents through four different methodsALLERGY, Issue 10 2009N. S. Jentzsch Background:, Suboptimal adherence to inhaled steroids is a known problem in children and adolescents, even when medications are administered under parental supervision. This study aimed to verify the adherence rate to beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) by four currently available methods. Methods:, In this concurrent cohort study, 102 randomly selected asthmatic children and adolescents aged 3,14 years were followed for 12 months. Adherence rate was assessed every 2 months by self and/or parent report, pharmacy dispensing data, electronic device (Doser®; Meditrack Products, Hudson, MA, USA) monitor, and canister weight. Results:, Mean adherence rates to BDP by self and/or parent report, pharmacy records, Doser, and canister weight were 97.9% (95% CI 88.0,98.6), 70.0% (95% CI 67.6,72.4), 51.5% (95% CI 48.3,54.6), and 46.3% (95% CI 44.1,48.4), respectively. Agreement analysis between (Doser) and canister weight revealed a weighted kappa equal to 0.76 (95% CI 0.65,0.87). Conclusions:, Adherence was a dynamic event and rates decreased progressively for all methods over the 12-month follow-up. Canister weight and electronic monitoring measures were more accurate than self/parent reports and pharmacy records. Rates obtained by these two methods were very close and statistical analysis also showed a substantial agreement between them. As measurements by canister weight are less costly compared with currently available electronic devices, it should be considered as an alternative method to assess adherence in both clinical research and practice. [source] WATCHING THE DETECTIVES: SEASONAL STUDENT EMPLOYEE REACTIONS TO ELECTRONIC MONITORING WITH AND WITHOUT ADVANCE NOTIFICATIONPERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2002AUDRA D. HOVORKA-MEAD The present paper tested procedural justice hypotheses about seasonal high school and college student employees' reactions to electronic monitoring with video cameras. Study 1, a field study, explored (a) whether employees receiving advance notification of monitoring offered more favorable justice judgments than employees who did not, and (b) whether employees who saw monitoring procedures and/or consequences as fair returned to the organization the following summer. Results supported the hypotheses: employees viewed monitoring procedures as fairer if they received advance notice. Fairness judgments predicted reemployment Study 2, a scenario-based laboratory experiment, also found that advance notice elicited greater justice beliefs. In addition, Study 2 examined how variations in justification for the monitoring affected justice beliefs. Either strong or weak justifications produced greater procedural justice beliefs than no justification. [source] Medication adherence patterns in adult renal transplant recipients,RESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 6 2006Cynthia L. Russell Abstract Patient adherence to immunosuppressive medications adherence is crucial to survival of the patient and a transplanted kidney, yet adherence is variable. Using a prospective, descriptive design, immunosuppressive medication adherence of 44 renal transplant recipients was followed for 6 months at a Midwestern transplant center using electronic monitoring. Four medication adherence patterns emerged from a hierarchical cluster analysis: those who took medications on time, those who took medications on time with late/missed doses, those who rarely took medications on time and who were late with morning and/or evening doses, and those who missed doses. This study is a step toward developing and implementing interventions targeted to specific patterns of poor adherence. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 29: 521,532, 2006 [source] Out of this World: The Advent of the Satellite Tracking of Offenders in England and Wales,THE HOWARD JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, Issue 2 2005Mike Nellis Satellite tracking, and the monitoring of exclusion zones which it permits, had been legislated for in the Criminal Justice and Court Services Act 2000, but the Home Office waited until putatively reliable technology , more reliable than that initially used for tracking in the USA , was available before commencing the pilots. Its arrival was formally announced in the context of a major review of ,correctional services', in which electronic monitoring generally is given a clearer strategic role than it has had hitherto in England and Wales. Although snippets of information about satellite tracking were drip fed into the media in the run up to the launch of the pilots, this has been a most under-deliberated initiative. This article was completed just before the commencement of the pilots and aims primarily to open up debate about this new measure. It also argues that the emergence of satellite tracking , monitoring movement rather than just single locations , sheds light on the development of electronic monitoring more generally, whose implications for more humanistic approaches to offender supervision, such as probation, are still not fully appreciated. [source] The Future of Remand Custody and its Alternatives in BelgiumTHE HOWARD JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, Issue 5 2004An Raes Researcher Belgian alternatives to remand custody are compared to foreign initiatives aiming either at limiting the application of remand custody (judicial authorisation, regional quota, legal restrictions and guidelines) or at increasing the application of alternatives for remand custody (electronic monitoring and the creation of a special service in the courthouse). [source] Significance of patient self-monitoring for long-term outcomes after lung transplantationCLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 5 2010Christiane Kugler Kugler C, Gottlieb J, Dierich M, Haverich A, Strueber M, Welte T, Simon A. Significance of patient self-monitoring for long-term outcomes after lung transplantation. Clin Transplant 2009 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2009.01197.x © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract:, Background:, Lung transplant (LTx) recipients' adherence to regular self-monitoring of lung function (SMLF) is important in maintaining health. This study investigated patients' behavior based on electronic monitoring (EM) and compared these findings with self-reported data. Methods:, This single-center study included 269 patients following LTx. Patients reported on adherence regarding SMLF, and data were compared to electronically stored measurements for the last three months prior to self-reporting. Results:, Non-adherence was 59.4% based on EM for a total of 22 052 measurements performed. Main reported reasons for non-adherence were forgetfulness (22%), lack of time (19%), and good self-perception of health status (19%). Determinants for non-adherence were patients constraining beliefs (p , 0.0001), low perceived support from the transplant center (p , 0.008), a history of infections (p , 0.014) and rejections (p , 0.043), and bronchiolitis obliterans (p , 0.006). Multiple logistic regression revealed low-perceived support from the transplant center (OR 3.22; 95% CI 1.32,7.83; p < 0.01), and lack of support from patient organizations (OR 2.19; 95% CI 1.02,4.72; p < 0.04) as independent predictors for non-adherence. Conclusions:, LTx recipients had some difficulties maintaining SMLF on a daily basis. Non-adherence regarding lung function monitoring may provide a clinically relevant estimate of suspect cases for critical events impacting outcomes after LTx. [source] Symptom experience associated with immunosuppressive drugs after liver transplantation in adults: possible relationship with medication non-compliance?CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 6 2008G. Drent Abstract:, Symptom experience (occurrence and perceived distress) associated with side effects of immunosuppressive medications in organ transplant patients may well be associated with poorer quality of life and medication non-compliance. The aims of this study were: first, to assess symptom experience in clinically stable adult patients during long-term follow-up after liver transplantation; and second, to study the relationship between symptom experience and medication non-compliance. This cross-sectional study included 123 liver transplant patients. Symptom experience was assessed using the "Modified Transplant Symptom Occurrence and Symptom Distress Scale" (29-item version) at the annual evaluation. According to the duration of follow-up, patients were divided into a short-term (1,4 yr) and a long-term (5,18 yr) cohort. Medication non-compliance was measured using electronic monitoring. Results showed that increased hair growth was the most frequent symptom in both sexes. Symptom distress was more serious in women than in men. The most distressing symptom in women was excessive and/or painful periods, while in men this was impotence. Clear differences were revealed at item level between symptom occurrence and symptom distress in relationship with the two time cohorts and between sexes. No relationship was found between symptom experience and prednisolone non-compliance. [source] | |||||||||||||