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Edentulous Subjects (edentulous + subject)
Selected AbstractsBronchopneumonia and oral health in hospitalized older patients.GERODONTOLOGY, Issue 2 2002A pilot study Abstract Aims: To correlate microbial findings obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage in pneumonia patients with the clinical situation of the oral cavity. Method: Quantitative aerobic and anaerobic cultures were carried out in 150 ml samples of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) obtained by means of an endoscope (Video Endoscope Pentax®) inserted per as in the infected bronchus. Material: Twenty consecutive patients with a tentative clinical diagnosis of bronchopneumonia in whom BAL was carried out for diagnostic purposes. A clinical evaluation of the oral health status (oral hygiene, caries, periodontal diseases) was subsequently carried out. Results: In seven edentulous subjects wearing complete dentures the culture of anaerobic microorganisms was negative or yielding less than 100 cfu/ml BAL. Two patients yielded high counts of S. aureus and one high counts of P. aeruginosa. In the 13 subjects with natural teeth left one showed high counts of Veillonella spp. (anaerobic)+P. aeruginosa, one high counts of Veillonella spp. +S. aureus, one high counts of P. aeruginosa + S. aureus and one high counts of E. coli. These four subjects showed poor oral hygiene, periodontal pockets and a BAL microflora consistent with periodontal pathology. Conclusion: The results of this pilot study suggest that microorganisms of denture plaque or associated with periodontal diseases may give rise to aspiration pneumonia in susceptible individuals. [source] Immunohistochemical characteristics of inflammatory lesions at implantsJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 1 2003Federico Gualini Abstract Objective: The aim of the present investigation was to study some immunohistochemical features of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis lesions. Materials and methods: Two groups of subjects (Groups A and B) were included. Group A consisted of 10 partially edentulous subjects (eight females and two males; 45,72 years of age) who had been restored with implants (Brånemark System®, Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden). The implants had been in function between 2 and 5 years. In each subject, one implant site demonstrating signs of peri-implant mucositis, i.e. soft tissue inflammation but no bone loss, was selected. The site was anaesthetized and a soft tissue biopsy was collected. In Group B, six subjects were included. They had been restored with implants (Brånemark System®, Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden) between 5 and 11 years prior to the current study. In each individual ,,1 implant site exhibited signs of peri-implantitis and was selected for biopsy. All sites of peri-implantitis had (i) a history of continuous marginal bone loss (assessed in radiographs), (ii) clinical symptoms of soft tissue inflammation (bleeding on probing and suppuration) but (iii) no implant mobility. From each selected peri-implantitis site a 4 × 4 mm large soft tissue biopsy was obtained. All specimens were snap frozen and prepared for immunohistochemical analysis regarding the proportions of cells positive for the CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19 and elastase markers. Results: Peri-implantitis lesions were considerably larger and contained significantly greater proportions of B cells (CD19+) and elastase-positive cells than mucositis lesions. Peri-implantitis sites, in contrast to sites with mucositis, consistently displayed elastase-positive cells in the central portions of the infiltrate. Conclusion: It is suggested that peri-implantitis lesions exhibit properties that are different from mucositis lesions. [source] Relative effectiveness of powered and manual toothbrushes in elderly patients with implant-supported mandibular overdenturesJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 4 2002A. Tawse-Smith Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of a powered toothbrush (Braun Oral-B Plaque Remover 3-D) and a manual soft toothbrush (Oral-B Squish-grip brush) for the control of supragingival plaque and soft tissue inflammation around implants supporting mandibular overdentures. Material and methods: The study sample involved 40 edentulous subjects, aged 55,80 years, having 2 unsplinted mandibular implants supporting a complete removable overdenture opposed by a maxillary complete denture. In this single-blinded, randomised, cross-over clinical trial, two 6-week experimental phases were separated by a 2-week wash-out period. 2 weeks prior to each experimental phase (pre-entry visits), implant abutments were polished to remove all plaque and a standardised instruction in the use of the toothbrush was given. Modified plaque and bleeding indices were recorded at the start and end of each experimental period. Mean index scores at each phase were analysed using paired t -test, and the mean number of sites showing a change in plaque or mucositis were compared using the Mann-Whitney U -test. Combined data from 2 different implant systems were considered after controlling for implant type. Results: Only minor changes in plaque and bleeding scores were observed following the two test periods. There were no statistically significant differences between the manual and powered toothbrushes. Conclusion: Manual and powered brushes were found to be of comparable efficacy with regard to improvement in peri-implant bleeding and plaque indices. Zusammenfassung Zielsetzung: Untersuchung der klinischen Effektivität einer elektrischen Zahnbürste (Braun Oral-B Plaque Remover 3-D) im Vergleich zu einer weichen Handzahnbürste (Oral-B Squish-grip brush) zur Kontrolle supragingivaler Plaque und Weichgewebsentzündung an Implantaten, die Unterkiefer-Totalprothesen tragen. Material und Methoden: Das Untersuchungskollektiv bestand aus 40 zahnlosen Patienten im Alter zwischen 55 und 80 Jahren, die 2 unverblockte Unterkiefer-Implantate zur Unterstützung einer Totalprothese aufwiesen. Der Oberkiefer war jeweils mit einer total schleimhautgetragenen Prothese versorgt. In dieser einfach verblindeten, randomisierten klinischen Cross-over-Studie wurden 2 6-wöchige experimentelle Phasen von einer 2-wöchigen Auswaschperiode unterbrochen. 2 Wochen vor jeder experimentellen Phase wurden die supragingivalen Implantatflächen von sämtlicher Plaque gereinigt und die Patienten erhielten eine Instruktion im Gebrauch der Zahnbürsten. Modifizierte Plaque- und Blutungsindizes wurden zu Beginn und am Ende jeder experimentellen Phase erhoben. Die Mittelwerte für die Indizes wurden mittels des paarigen t -Tests und die Zahl der Stellen, die eine Veränderung in Plaque und Mucositis aufwiesen, wurden durch den Mann-Whitney U -Test verglichen. Die Daten für 2 Implantatsysteme wurden zusammengefasst, nachdem der Einfluss des Implantatsystems überprüft worden war. Ergebnisse: Es wurden nur geringe Veränderungen der Plaque- und Blutungsindizes am Ende beider Testphasen beobachtet. Ein statistisch signifikanter Unterschied zwischen elektrischer und Handzahnbürste konnte nicht gezeigt werden. Schlussfolgerungen: Hand- und elektrische Zahnbürsten erwiesen sich als gleich effektiv für die Verbesserung periimplantärer Plaque- und Blutungsindizes. Résumé But: Le but de cette étude était de comparer l'efficacité clinique d'une brosse à dent électrique (Plaque remover 3D de Braun Oral B) et une brosse souple manuelle (squish grip d'oral B) pour le contrôle de la plaque supra-gingivale et l'inflammation des tissus mous autour d'implants supportant des overdentures mandibulaires. Matériaux et méthodes: L'échantillon étudié comprenait 40 sujets édentés, âgés de 55 à 80 ans, ayant 2 implants mandibulaires non reliés supportant une overdenture amovible complète et une prothèse maxillaire antagoniste complète. Dans cet essai clinique croisé en aveugle simple, randomisée, 2 phases expérimentales de 6 semaines encadraient une période d'arrêt de 2 semaines. 2 semaines avant chaque phase expérimentale, (visite de pré-entrée), les piliers implantaires étaient polis afin d'éliminer toute la plaque et des instructions standardisées d'utilisation de la brosse étaient données. On notait les indices, de saignement et de plaque modifié, au début et à la fin de chaque période expérimentale. Les notes d'indices moyens à chaque phase étaient analysées par le test t apparié et le nombre moyen de sites présentant une modification de la plaque ou de la mucosite était comparé par le test U de Mann Whitney. Les données combinées des 2 systèmes implantaires étaient considérées après cotrôle pour chaque type d'implant Résultats: De minimes modifications des notes de plaque et de saignement étaient observées après les deux périodes de test. Il n'y avait pas de différences statistiques significatives entre les brosses manuelles et électriques. Conclusion: Les brosses manuelles et électriques ont une efficacité comparable du point de vue de l'amélioration des indices de saignement et de plaque peri-implantaires. [source] The influence of age and dental status on elevator and depressor muscle activityJOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 2 2006I. Z. ALAJBEG summary, The objective of this study was to determine whether the muscle activity at various mandibular positions is affected by age and dental status. Thirty edentulous subjects (E), 20 young dentate individuals (G1) and 20 older dentate individuals (G2) participated in this study. Surface electromyographic (EMG) recordings were obtained from the anterior temporal (T), masseter (M) and depressor muscles (D). Muscle activity was recorded during maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), maximal opening (Omax) and in six different mandibular positions. One way anova and the Bonferroni tests were used to determine the differences between groups. Significant differences between the three tested groups were found at MVC and Omax for all examined muscles (P < 0·001). The differences in muscle activity in dentate subjects of different age were found in protrusion for depressor muscles (P < 0·05) and in lateral excursive positions for the working side temporal (P < 0·05) and non-working side masseter and depressor muscle (P < 0·05). There was a significant effect regarding the presence of natural teeth or complete dentures in protrusion and maximal protrusion for all muscles (P < 0·05) and in lateral excursive positions for non-working side temporal (P < 0·05) and working side masseter muscle (P < 0·05). Muscle activity at various mandibular positions depends greatly on the presence of the prosthetic appliance, as edentulous subjects had to use higher muscle activity levels (percentages of maximal EMG value) than age matched dentate subjects in order to perform same mandibular movement. Different elevator muscles were preferentially activated in the edentulous subjects when compared with dentate group in lateral excursive positions of the mandible. The pattern of relative muscle activity was not changed because of ageing. [source] Effect of palate covering on bolus-propulsion time and its contributory factorsJOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 1 2006Y. KODAIRA summary, The aim of this study was first to investigate whether the covering of the palatal mucosa with a denture base affects or not the bolus-propulsion time, and second if there was such an effect then investigate the possible contributory factors which have influence on the propulsion time. The propulsion time was measured in 21 young normal edentulous subjects under five different conditions: a complete palatal covering, non-covered palate, anterior palatal covering, posterior palatal covering and surface anaesthetized palate. As possible contributory factors palatal morphometric parameters, as well as tongue pressure were also measured. The data were analysed on the following way: changes when the palate was complete covered and non-covered, effects of sensation reduction after topic anaesthesia, effects of differences in the covering site, effects of palatal morphometric parameters and effects of tongue pressure. Ten subjects exhibited significant differences in the propulsion time when comparing the data between the complete palatal covering and the non-covered palate condition (change group). Eleven subjects did not show changes (unchanged group). Effects in the propulsion time were also recognized with posterior palatal covering-palate and superficially anaesthetized palate. With regard to the tongue pressure, significant differences during swallowing were observed. These results indicated that the bolus propulsion time into the oropharynx was affected by the palatal covering in some subjects. Moreover, the sensation in the posterior region of the hard palate, as well as the tongue pressure were also factors which affected the propulsion time during swallowing. [source] Surface EMG of jaw-elevator muscles and chewing pattern in complete denture wearersJOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 12 2005M. G. PIANCINO summary, The aim of this study was to investigate the adaptation process of masticatory patterns to a new complete denture in edentulous subjects. For this purpose, muscle activity and kinematic parameters of the chewing pattern were simultaneously assessed in seven patients with complete maxillary and mandibular denture. The patients were analysed (i) with the old denture, (ii) with the new denture at the delivery, (iii) after 1 month and (iv) after 3 months from the delivery of the new denture. Surface electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded from the masseter and temporalis anterior muscles of both sides and jaw movements were tracked measuring the motion of a tiny magnet attached at the lower inter-incisor point. The subjects were asked to chew a bolus on the right and left side. At the delivery of the new denture, peak EMG amplitude of the masseter of the side of the bolus was lower than with the old denture and the masseters of the two sides showed the same intensity of EMG activity, contrary to the case with the old denture. EMG amplitude and asymmetry of the two masseter activities returned as with the old denture in 3 months. The EMG activity in the temporalis anterior was larger with the old denture than in the other conditions. The chewing cycle width and lateral excursion decreased at the delivery of the new denture and recovered after 3 months. [source] Factors related to the resting tongue position among partially and completely edentulous subjectsJOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 6 2005E. KOTSIOMITI summary, The prevalence of abnormal (retracted) position of the tongue at rest was examined in subjects with varying number of natural lower teeth. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between tongue retraction and state of dentition and to identify potentially related parameters. The resting tongue positions were recorded in subjects partially edentulous in the lower jaw (n = 164) and compared with those met in dentate (n = 57) and completely edentulous participants (n = 84). Potentially related parameters, such as age, sex, duration of edentulism, palate vault and signs of temporomandibular disorders were also recorded. Tongue retraction was observed in a small percentage (12·3%) of the dentate, almost half (45·7%) of the partially edentulous and in the majority (67·8%) of the completely edentulous participants. The number of natural lower teeth correlated with the resting tongue position in the partially edentulous group. The tongue position at rest was also found weakly related to signs of temporomandibular disorders in the dentate group and to the sex and duration of edentulism in the partially edentulous group. It was concluded that the abnormal positioning of the resting tongue is increasingly observed with decreasing number of natural teeth, possibly in accordance with the morphological and functional alterations that result from teeth loss. The presence of a retracted tongue affects the complete denture construction; however, its effect on denture function remains questionable. [source] Biofilms in the Edentulous Oral CavityJOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS, Issue 5 2008Amit Sachdeo BDS, DMSc Abstract Purpose: The oral cavity presents numerous surfaces for microbial colonization. These surfaces produce biofilms of differing complexities unique to each individual. Several studies have looked at biofilms in dentate patients. There has been limited research regarding biofilms on dentures or soft tissues of edentulous patients. The purpose of the present investigation was to provide meaningful data describing microbial ecological relationships in the oral cavity of edentulous patients and to evaluate the microbiota on hard and soft tissue surfaces and saliva in edentulous patients wearing complete dentures. Materials and Methods: Sixty-one edentulous subjects with complete maxillary and mandibular dentures were recruited. "Supragingival" biofilm samples were taken from 28 denture teeth for each subject. Biofilm samples were also taken from the dorsal, lateral, and ventral surfaces of the tongue, floor of mouth, buccal mucosa, hard palate, vestibule/lip, "attached gingiva," and saliva. Samples were individually analyzed for their content of 41 bacterial species using checkerboard DNA,DNA hybridization. Levels and proportions of each species were determined for every sample location. Results: Periodontal pathogens such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis were clearly present in the samples from the edentulous subjects. Microbial profiles in samples from the soft tissue surfaces differed among site locations. Samples from the dorsum of the tongue exhibited the highest bacterial counts followed by the "attached gingiva" and the lateral surfaces of the tongue, while the lowest mean counts were found in samples from the buccal mucosa and labial vestibules. Using cluster analysis of the proportions of the test species, three clusters were formed. The first cluster comprised saliva, supragingival plaque, and the lateral and dorsal surfaces of the tongue. The second cluster comprised the other six soft tissue surfaces. Species on the denture palate formed a third cluster. Conclusions: One of the major findings in this study was the detection of periodontal pathogens, A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, in the edentulous subjects, as these species were thought to disappear after removal of all natural teeth. This finding has implications regarding future dental treatment and the general health of individuals. Distinct patterns of microbial colonization were seen on the different soft tissue surfaces. Thus, this investigation provided the first step in defining the organisms that are associated with edentulous patients on both soft (mucosa) and hard surfaces (denture). The study also provided meaningful data that described microbial ecological relationships in the oral cavity of edentulous subjects. The authors believe that this study is the first comprehensive assessment of the microbiota in the complete denture-wearing subject. [source] General Health Status and Changes in Chewing Ability in Older Canadians over Seven YearsJOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY, Issue 2 2002David Locker PhD; Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the onset of and recovery from chewing problems in an older adult population over a seven-year period and to describe factors associated with these changes. Of particular interest was the relationship between general health and changes in oral functioning - Methods: The data came from a longitudinai study of community-dwelling individuals who were aged 50 years and older when first recruited. Data were collected at baseline (n=907) and at three (n=611) and seven-year (n=425) follow-ups. Oral function was assessed by means of a six-item index of chewing ability. Data were weighted to account for loss to follow-up using weights derived from the seven-year response proportions for dentate and edentulous subjects. Logistic regression analysis using backward stepwise selection was used to identify. predictors of onset and recovery. Results: At baseline, 25 percent of subjects reported a problem chewing. This rose to 26 percent at three years and 34 percent at seven years. The seven-year incidence of chewing dysfunction was 19 percent. Of those with a chewing problem at baseline, 21 percent did not have a problem at seven years. A logistic regression model predicting the seven-year incidence of chewing problems indicated that subjects aged 65 years or older, the edentulous, those rating their oral health as poor, those without dental insurance and those without a regular source of dentai care were more likely to be an incident case. In addition, a variable denoting the number of chronic medical conditions at baseline also entered the model. A logistic regression model predicting recovery indicated that older subjects, the edentulous, those from low-income households, and those with limitations in activities of daily living were less likely to recover over the observation period. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a marked increase in the prevalence of chewing problems in this older adult population over the seven-year observation period. Poorer general health at baseline increased the probability of the onset of a chewing problem and decreased the probability of recovery. [source] Non-oral bifidobacteria and the aciduric microbiota of the denture plaque biofilmMOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 3 2010M. Mantzourani Summary The microbiota of the denture plaque biofilm colonizing the fitting surface of dentures in edentulous subjects with healthy palates (n = 20) and in edentulous subjects with denture stomatitis (n = 20) was studied. The numbers of bacteria colonizing the dentures of healthy subjects was significantly less than the numbers colonizing the dentures of stomatitis subjects. The proportions and frequency of isolation of mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and yeasts were significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the subjects with denture stomatitis. The proportions of these organisms in the denture plaque biofilm of the subjects with denture stomatitis were similar to those found in carious lesions, indicating that the site is a low pH environment. The predominant bifidobacterial species in the mouths of dentate subjects is Bifidobacterium dentium but in the edentulous subjects wearing dentures B. dentium was isolated from only one of the 20 subjects with denture stomatitis and from none of the 20 subjects with healthy palates. Instead, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium scardovii and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum were isolated. Only a single non-oral bifidobacterial species was isolated from each individual and repetitive extragenic palindromic- and BOX-polymerase chain reaction typing methods indicated that the same genotypes were shared between subjects. Using deferred antagonism spot plate assays, interspecies inhibition was demonstrated between oral isolates of B. dentium, B. breve, B. scardovii and B. longum subsp. longum. Here we have shown that bifidobacteria and caries-associated microbiota are present in denture plaque at levels similar to those of carious lesions and B. dentium cannot be maintained in an edentulous mouth. [source] Periodontitis lesions are the main source of salivary cytomegalovirusMOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 4 2009ahin Background:, Herpesviruses play causal or cooperative roles in childhood infections, tumorigenesis, ulcerogenesis, and periodontitis. Saliva is a common vehicle of herpesvirus horizontal transmission, but the source of salivary herpesviruses remains obscure. To evaluate the significance of periodontal disease in shedding of oral herpesviruses, this study determined the genome-copy counts of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein,Barr virus (EBV) in whole saliva of subjects with periodontitis, gingivitis, or no natural teeth. Methods:, Whole saliva was collected from 14 periodontitis patients, 15 gingivitis patients and 13 complete denture wearers. The study subjects were systemically healthy and had not received periodontal treatment in the past 3 months. Real-time TaqMan polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the salivary load of HCMV and EBV. Results:, Salivary HCMV was detected in seven (50%) periodontitis patients, but not in any gingivitis or edentulous subjects (P < 0.001). Salivary EBV was detected in 11 (79%) periodontitis patients, in five (33%) gingivitis patients, and in seven (54%) edentulous subjects (P = 0.076). Salivary samples showed copy counts of HCMV in the range of 3.3 × 103,4.2 × 104/ml and of EBV in the range of 3.6 × 102,1.6 × 109/ml. Conclusions:, HCMV and EBV are commonly present in the saliva of periodontitis patients. Periodontitis lesions of systemically healthy subjects seem to constitute the main origin of salivary HCMV, but do not comprise the sole source of salivary EBV. [source] Two-Year Outcome with Nobel Direct® Implants: A Retrospective Radiographic and Microbiologic Study in 10 PatientsCLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, Issue 3 2009Tommie Van de Velde LA ABSTRACT Introduction: The Nobel Direct® implant (Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden) was developed to minimize marginal bone resorption and to result in "soft tissue integration" for an optimized aesthetic outcome. However, conflicting results have been presented in the literature. The aim of this present study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiologic outcomes of Nobel Direct implants. Materials and Methods: Ten partially edentulous subjects without evidence of active periodontitis (mean age 55 years) received 12 Nobel Direct implants. Implants were loaded with single crowns after a healing period of 3 to 6 months. Treatment outcomes were assessed at month 24. Routine clinical assessments, intraoral radiographs, and microbiologic samplings were made. Histologic analysis of one failing implant and chemical spectroscopy around three unused implants was performed. Paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for the evaluation of bone loss; otherwise, descriptive analysis was performed. Results: Implants were functionally loaded after 3 to 6 months. At 2 years, the mean bone loss of remaining implants was 2.0 mm (SD ± 1.1 mm; range: 0.0,3.4 mm). Three out of 12 implants with an early mean bone loss >3 mm were lost. The surviving implants showed increasing bone loss between 6 and 24 months (p = .028). Only 3 out of the 12 implants were considered successful and showed bone loss of <1.7 mm after 2 years. High rates of pathogens, including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium spp., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Tanerella forsythia, were found. Chemical spectroscopy revealed, despite the normal signals from Ti, O, and C, also peaks of P, F, S, N, and Ca. A normal histologic image of osseointegration was observed in the apical part of the retrieved implant. Conclusion: Radiographic evidence and 25% implant failures are indications of a low success rate. High counts and prevalence of significant pathogens were found at surviving implants. Although extensive bone loss had occurred in the coronal part, the apical portion of the implant showed some bone to implant integration. [source] One-Stage Operative Procedure Using Two Different Implant Systems: A Prospective Study on Implant Overdentures in the Edentulous MandibleCLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, Issue 4 2001Andrew Tawse-Smith DDS, Cert Perio (Göteborg) ABSTRACT Background: Evidence-based reports are needed to support the application of a one-stage surgical protocol for unsplinted implants supporting mandibular overdentures. Purpose: To examine the feasibility and success of using two different dental implant systems (originally designed for two-stage operative technique) using a one-stage operative procedure in patients being rehabilitated with implant mandibular overdentures. Materials and Methods: The study sample involved 24 edentulous subjects (aged 55,80 yr) randomly allocated to two different implant systems, one with a machined titanium implant surface (Steri-Oss, Nobel Biocare, Göteborg, Sweden) and the other with a roughened titanium surface (Southern Implants, Ltd., Irene, South Africa). Two unsplinted implants to support implant overdentures were placed in the anterior mandible of all patients, using a standardized one-stage surgical and prosthodontic procedure. Primary stability and bicortical anchorage of the implants was mandatory before healing abutments were connected at the time of implant placement. Implant overdentures and their respective matrices were inserted following a standard 12-week healing period. Data relating to mobility tests, radiographs, and peri-implant parameters were documented at 12, 16, and 52 weeks after surgery. Results: A success rate of 95.8% for the Steri-Oss and 100% for the Southern Implants was found, without any statistically significant differences in the marginal bone loss. Significant changes in Periotest values were observed for both types between 12 and 52 weeks (p <.001). Minor changes were observed in the peri-implant parameters evaluated. Conclusions: These preliminary findings show a successful application of this one-stage approach for unsplinted implants supporting mandibular overdentures with Steri-Oss and Southern Implant Systems. [source] A comparison of bone mineral density in the spine, hip and jaws of edentulous subjectsCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 4 2007Nicholas A. Drage Abstract Objectives: The aim was to investigate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) of the jaws (mandible and maxilla) and other skeletal sites. In addition, the influence of gender, smoking and the number of years without natural teeth were examined. Materials and methods: 18 edentulous patients (9 females, 9 males) with a mean age of 67.1 (sd 12.6) years had DXA scans to assess the BMD of the lumbar spine and hip, together with the ramus, body and symphysis of the mandible and the anterior of the maxilla. Results: BMD values for the ramus were similar to those for the femur but significantly lower than the lumbar spine. The body and anterior mandible had higher values and the anterior maxilla lower values than both the femur and ramus. The ramus BMD showed moderately strong relationships with the standard measures of BMD in the spine and hip, but the BMD of other areas of the jaws showed no relationship with skeletal sites. The BMD for both the hip and the ramus showed an inverse relationship with increasing age. There was no statistically significant relationship between BMD of hip, spine and jaw and either years edentulous or cigarette years. (207) Conclusions: Although the ramus of the mandible may show correlation of BMD with skeletal sites, the areas of the jaws where implants may be placed do not. Therefore BMD of the skeletal sites could not be used to predict BMD of the jaws. The BMD of the jaws as measured by DXA showed no relationship with either years edentulous or cigarette smoking. [source] Adjunctive local antibiotic therapy in the treatment of peri-implantitis II: clinical and radiographic outcomesCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 3 2007Giovanni E. Salvi Abstract Aim: To monitor over 12 months clinical and radiographic changes occurring after adjunctive local delivery of minocycline microspheres for the treatment of peri-implantitis. Material and methods: In 25 partially edentulous subjects, 31 implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis were treated. Three weeks after oral hygiene instruction, mechanical debridement and local antiseptic cleansing using 0.2% chlorhexidine gel, baseline (Day 0) parameters were recorded. Minocycline microspheres (Arestin®) were locally delivered to each implant site with bone loss and a probing pocket depth (PPD) ,5 mm. Rescue therapy with Arestin® was allowed at Days 180 and 270 at any site exhibiting an increase in PPD,2 mm from the previous visit. The following clinical parameters were recorded at four sites/implant at Day 0, 10, 30, 60, 90, 180, 270 and 360: PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PlI). Results: Six implants in six subjects were either rescued or exited because of persisting active peri-implantitis. Successful implants showed a statistically significant reduction in both PPD and percentage of sites with BOP between baseline and Day 360 (P<0.05). At mesial implant sites, the mean PPD reduction amounted to 1.6 mm (95% CI: 0.9,2.2 mm, P<0.001) and was accompanied by a statistically significant reduction of the BOP value (P<0.001). Binary regression analysis showed that the clinical parameters and smoking history could not discriminate between successfully treated and rescued or exited implants at any observation time point. Conclusion: Non-surgical mechanical treatment of peri-implantitis lesions with adjunctive local delivery of microencapsulated minocycline led to positive effects on clinical parameters up to 12 months. [source] Rehabilitation with dental prosthesis can increase cerebral regional blood volumeCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 6 2005Ikuya Miyamoto Abstract: Treatment with denture for edentulous people is highly important for maintaining quality of life. However, its effect on the brain is unknown. In this experimental study, we hypothesized that dental prosthesis can recover not only the physical condition of mastication system but also the regional brain activity. We evaluated functional brain imaging of edentulous subjects fixed by dental implant prosthesis with clenching tasks by multi-channel near-infrared optical topography. Results revealed a significantly (P<0.001; paired t -test) increased cerebral regional blood volume during maximum voluntary clenching task by implant-retained prosthesis. There were no statistically significant differences between patients with and without prosthesis in the latency to the maximum regional blood volume after the task. Conclusively, clenching can be effective for increasing cerebral blood volume; accordingly maintenance of normal chewing might prevent the brain from degenerating. Résumé Le traitement par prothèses des édentés est extrêmement important pour garder la qualité de vie. Cependant, son effet sur le cerveau est inconnu. Dans cette étude expérimentale, l'hypothèse qui a étéémise concernait les prothèses dentaires et leur aptitude à rétablir non seulement la condition physique du système masticatoire mais également l'activité cérébrale régionale. L'imagerie du cerveau fonctionnel de l'édenté avec des prothèses sur implants avec travail de serrage par topographie optique près de l'infrarouge à multiple canaux. Les résultats ont révélé une augmentation significative (P<0.001/test-t par paires) de la circulation sanguine régionale cérébrale durant la force de serrage volontaire maximale par les prothèses retenues sur implants. Il n'y avait aucune différence significative entre les avec et sans prothèses dans le temps de latence jusqu'à la circulation sanguine régionale maximale après le serrage. Le serrage peut être efficace pour augmenter la circulation sanguine cérébrale et donc le maintien d'une mastication normale pourrait prévenir toute dégénérescence cérébrale. Zusammenfassung Die Versorgung mit Prothesen bei zahnlosen Patienten ist sehr wichtig, um die Lebensqualität zu erhalten. Der Einfluss auf das Gehirn ist jedoch nicht bekannt. In dieser experimentellen Studie stellten wir die Hypothese auf, dass eine dentale Prothese nicht nur den physischen Zustand des Kausystems wieder herstellen kann, sondern auch die regionale Hirnaktivität beeinflusst. Wie untersuchten funktionelle Gehirnbilder von zahnlosen Subjekten mit auf Implantaten befestigten Prothesen, welche Aufgaben beim Zusammenbeissen erledigen mussten, mittels multi-kanal optischer Topographie nahe am Infrarotbereich. Die Resultate zeigten einen signifikanten (P<0.001; gepaarter t -Test) Anstieg in der regionalen cerebralen Durchblutung während des Maximums beim freiwilligen Zusammenbeissen mit der auf Implantaten befestigten Prothese. Es bestanden keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede in der Latenzzeit bis zur maximalen regionalen Durchblutung nach Erfüllung der Aufgabe mit oder ohne Prothese. Es wird die Schlussfolgerung gezogen, dass das Zusammenbeissen zu einem Ansteigen der cerebralen Durchblutung führen kann. Daher könnte der Erhalt einer normalen Kaufunktion einer Degeneration des Gehirn entgegenwirken. Resumen El tratamiento con dentaduras para personas edéntulas es altamente importante para conservar la calidad de vida. En este estudio experimental, hemos hipotizado que las prótesis dentales pueden recuperar no solo las condiciones físicas del sistema masticatorio sino también la actividad cerebral regional. Hemos evaluado las imágenes funcionales del cerebro de pacientes edéntulos rehabilitados por prótesis implantosoportadas con tareas de apretado por medio de topografía óptica casi-infrarroja multicanal. Los resultados revelaron un flujo sanguíneo cerebral regional significativamente (P<0.001; t -test pareado) aumentado durante la mordida máxima voluntaria con prótesis implantosoportada. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre con o sin prótesis en la latencia al flujo sanguíneo regional tras la tarea. En conclusión, el apretado puede ser efectivo para incrementar el flujo sanguíneo cerebral; en consecuencia, el mantenimiento de una masticación normal puede prevenir la degeneración cerebral. [source] | ||||||||||