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East African (east + african)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Life Sciences80%

Terms modified by East African

  • east african cassava mosaic virus
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  • east african community
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  • east african rift system
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    Selected Abstracts

    Structuring of genetic diversity in Albizia gummifera C.A.Sm. among some East African and Madagascan populations

    AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, Issue 3 2010
    Judith Ssali Nantongo
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]

    World-wide survey of an Accord insertion and its association with DDT resistance in Drosophila melanogaster

    MOLECULAR ECOLOGY, Issue 8 2004
    F. CATANIA
    Abstract Previous work showed that insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster is correlated with the insertion of an Accord -like element into the 5, region of the cytochrome P450 gene, Cyp6g1. Here, we study the distribution of the Accord -like element in 673 recently collected D. melanogaster lines from 34 world-wide populations. We also examine the extent of microsatellite variability along a 180-kilobase (kb) genomic region of chromosome II encompassing the resistance gene. We confirm a 100% correlation of the Accord insertion with insecticide resistance and a significant reduction in variability extending at least 20 kb downstream of the Cyp6g1 gene. The frequency of the Accord insertion differs significantly between East African (32,55%) and nonAfrican (85,100%) populations. This pattern is consistent with a selective sweep driving the Accord insertion close to fixation in nonAfrican populations as a result of the insecticide resistance phenotype it confers. This study confirms that hitchhiking mapping can be used to identify beneficial mutations in natural populations. [source]

    Unravelling the genetic diversity of the three main viruses involved in Sweet Potato Virus Disease (SPVD), and its practical implications

    MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2005
    FRED TAIRO
    SUMMARY Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) is a widely grown food crop, in which the most important diseases are caused by viruses. Genetic variability of three widely distributed sweetpotato viruses was analysed using data from 46 isolates of Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV), 16 isolates of Sweet potato mild mottle virus (SPMMV) and 25 isolates of Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV), of which 19, seven and six isolates, respectively, are newly characterized. Division of SPFMV into four genetic groups (strains) according to phylogenetic analysis of coat protein (CP) encoding sequences revealed that strain EA contained the East African isolates of SPFMV but none from elsewhere. In contrast, strain RC contained ten isolates from Australia, Africa, Asia and North America. Strain O contained six heterogeneous isolates from Africa, Asia and South America. The seven strain C isolates from Australia, Africa, Asia, and North and South America formed a group that was genetically distant from the other SPFMV strains. SPMMV isolates showed a high level of variability with no discrete strain groupings. SPCSV isolates from East Africa were phylogenetically distant to SPCSV isolates from elsewhere. Only from East Africa were adequate data available for different isolates of the three viruses to estimate the genetic variability of their local populations. The implications of the current sequence information and the need for more such information from most sweetpotato-growing regions of the world are discussed in relation to virus diagnostics and breeding for virus resistance. [source]

    The Complex and Diversified Mitochondrial Gene Pool of Berber Populations

    ANNALS OF HUMAN GENETICS, Issue 2 2009
    C. Coudray
    Summary The mitochondrial DNA variation of 295 Berber-speakers from Morocco (Asni, Bouhria and Figuig) and the Egyptian oasis of Siwa was evaluated by sequencing a portion of the control region (including HVS-I and part of HVS-II) and surveying haplogroup-specific coding region markers. Our findings show that the Berber mitochondrial pool is characterized by an overall high frequency of Western Eurasian haplogroups, a somehow lower frequency of sub-Saharan L lineages, and a significant (but differential) presence of North African haplogroups U6 and M1, thus occupying an intermediate position between European and sub-Saharan populations in PCA analysis. A clear and significant genetic differentiation between the Berbers from Maghreb and Egyptian Berbers was also observed. The first are related to European populations as shown by haplogroup H1 and V frequencies, whereas the latter share more affinities with East African and Nile Valley populations as indicated by the high frequency of M1 and the presence of L0a1, L3i, L4*, and L4b2 lineages. Moreover, haplogroup U6 was not observed in Siwa. We conclude that the origins and maternal diversity of Berber populations are old and complex, and these communities bear genetic characteristics resulting from various events of gene flow with surrounding and migrating populations. [source]

    Towards the earliest history of Kinda

    ARABIAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND EPIGRAPHY, Issue 1 2009
    M.D. Bukharin
    In the second century AD Rome could not protect the caravan trade in north-west Arabia to the south of Dedan with its own military detachments, stationed in Mad,'in and al-'Ul,. Rome seems to have attracted Aksum for the subjugation of the Arab nomads of north-west Arabia and protection of the ,Incense Road'. At the end of the second century AD Rome, Aksum and Saba' shared common interests: Aksum helped Rome to restore peace on the caravan routes, in which Saba' seemed to have been interested as well, and Rome provided a market for East African and South Arabian products. During the west Arabian campaign, described in the inscription RIÉ 277 (Monumentum Adulitanum II), which is to be dated to the very end of the second century AD, the unnamed Aksumite king, presumably Gad,rat, conquered the lands of Kinaidokolpites and Arrabites. The former name represents a combination of two names, the first of which seems to be derived from the name of Kinda (identification of the entire name with Kinda is taken for ,somewhat unlikely' in Retsö 2003: 450, n. 60). The Kinda seem to have been also known in the earlier classical tradition under the name of Kanraitai , the inhabitants of Ghamr dh,-Kinda , and thus were the most aggressive and dangerous obstacle for the Roman traders on the land routes in north-west Arabia and in the northern Red Sea in the first,second century AD. The Aksumite invasion forced the resettlement of the Kinda on the other branch of the ,Incense road', through modern Qaryat al-F,w , and its blockade, consequently followed at the beginning of the third century by the campaigns of the Sabaean king ,,'ir ,Awtar against them. [source]