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Early Presentation (early + presentation)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

The early development of self-injurious behaviour: evaluating the role of social reinforcement

JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, Issue 8 2005
C. Oliver
Abstract Background The potential role of social reinforcement in the development of self-injury has not yet been subjected to empirical analysis. In this 2-year prospective study, the pattern of social interactions related to the early presentation of self-injury were examined to identify a potential association with an increase in self-injury. Methods The self-injurious behaviour and social contact with adults of 16 children with intellectual disability (ID) with self-injury of recent onset were observed at 3-month intervals over 2 years. Results Increase in self-injury over a 2-year period was positively correlated with a distribution of social contact relative to episodes of self-injury that is consistent with a mutual social reinforcement paradigm. When this paradigm was operative, self-injury was evoked under stable antecedent conditions over time but tended to evoke increasing levels of social interaction. Conclusions These results support the hypothesis that increases in the frequency of early self-injury in children with ID may be determined by social reinforcement with implications for early intervention and proactive identification of children at risk for increases in self-injury. [source]

Prospective study of presynaptic dopaminergic imaging in patients with mild parkinsonism and tremor disorders: Part 1.

MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 9 2003
3-month observations, Baseline
Abstract To record prospectively, from early presentation, the clinical features of parkinsonism and tremor disorders, in relation to evidence of dopaminergic deficit shown with [123I]-FP-CIT (DaTSCAN, Amersham Health) single photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT). Clinical signs were recorded in 62 patients, of whom 24 failed standard Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor criteria, and 38 fulfilled UK Brain Bank step 1 PD criteria. Striatal radioligand uptake was graded visually as normal or abnormal, and specific:nonspecific ratios were calculated. Bradykinesia and rigidity showed significant overall association with abnormal scans (P , 0.003), but rest tremor did not (P = NS). In the 24 patients not fulfilling specific criteria (mean age 63 [SD 9] years, disease duration 3 [SD 4] years), 10 (42%) had abnormal visual SPECT assessment and 14 (58%) had normal scans. Of 38 patients with early PD by clinical criteria (mean age 60 [SD 9] years, disease duration 3 [SD 1.7] years), 33 (87%) were visually abnormal. Baseline clinical diagnosis corresponded with SPECT imaging results in 51 of 62 cases (82%), which increased to 56 of 62 cases (90%) with amendment of seven clinical diagnoses at 3 months (blind to SPECT results). Akinetic,rigid cardinal diagnostic features of parkinsonism associate well with dopaminergic deficit in patients with early and mild clinical features. When these clinical features are uncertain, or the patient fails clinical diagnostic criteria, testing for dopaminergic deficit with [123I]-FP-CIT SPECT may assist the diagnostic process. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society [source]

Juvenile elastoma: A forme fruste of the Buschke,Ollendorff syndrome?

AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2005
Christopher CI Foo
SUMMARY We describe an Asian child with juvenile elastoma who presented to us at 9 years of age with flesh-coloured nodules on his thigh. Histologically, H&E sections were normal, but elastin stains showed collections of increased and thickened elastic fibres consistent with juvenile elastoma. Radiological examination did not demonstrate osteopoikilosis. However, we postulate that he may represent a forme fruste of the Buschke,Ollendorff syndrome or early presentation prior to the subsequent development of osteopoikilosis. [source]

Globus sensation as early presentation of hypopharyngeal cancer

CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY, Issue 6 2007
A. Tsikoudas
Objectives:, To identify if patients with early hypopharyngeal carcinoma can present with only the single complaint of globus sensation. Design:, Retrospective case review. Setting:, Teaching Hospital in Scotland. Participants:, Cohort of 23 patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Retrospective review of their case notes with regards to their hospital pathway from initial referral from the General Practitioner to diagnosis. Outcome measures:, Symptoms & signs on presentation, subsequent investigations and time interval between initial presentation and diagnosis. Results:, We identified two patients (9%) who presented early with globus or other soft symptoms as the only complaint and with normal clinical findings. There was a 78%,pick up' rate of abnormalities in the barium swallow examination. Conclusion:, We believe this can have important clinical implications in the screening & investigation of globus patients who represent a significant outpatient workload. We review the relevant literature. [source]