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Downstream Sector (downstream + sector)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting100%

Selected Abstracts

Vietnam unveils ambitious oil and gas plans

OIL AND ENERGY TRENDS, Issue 12 2007
Article first published online: 14 DEC 200
Vietnam has announced a series of plans to increase oil production and to establish a refining and petrochemical industry. At the same time, it is proposing to develop a series of gas discoveries. Many of the developments are ambitious, as is the timetable. Oil production is supposed to rise by over 50% within 2-3 years whilst gas is set to more than double by 2015. Some of the developments may prove too ambitious within the timescale proposed, particularly those in the downstream sector. [source]

The impact of downstream refinery concerns on the international oil market

OPEC ENERGY REVIEW, Issue 4 2004
OPEC Secretariat
This article looks at the difficulties experienced by the international oil market in 2004, in the context of the heavy pressure that has been put on stability and prices by downstream refinery problems, even though the market has remained well-supplied with crude. It notes the efforts OPEC has made to maintain a reasonable market balance, in particular by accelerating the implementation of production expansion plans to increase the excess supply cushion. But it seems that, along with a tight market for light sweet crude oil, problems in the downstream sector will remain major upside risks for the market in 2005, risks that require urgent attention. [source]

Product Differentiation and Upstream-Downstream Relations

JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS & MANAGEMENT STRATEGY, Issue 2 2001
Lynne Pepall
This paper examines the relationship between a differentiated downstream market and a specialized upstream market. We analyze three different types of vertical relation between the upstream and downstream sectors when the upstream market supplies specialized and complementary inputs to a downstream product-differentiated market. The first is the benchmark case of decentralized markets, the second is a network of alliances among upstream suppliers, and the third is partial vertical integration. We identify the perfect equilibrium for a symmetric model in each case and show that there is no simple relationship between the degree of connection between upstream and downstream firms and profitability. The key factor affecting prices and the relative profitability of the different market organizations is the degree of product differentiation among the downstream firms, because it affects the intensity of competition among upstream suppliers. We show that vertical foreclosure is not an equilibrium strategy. [source]

DIVISIONALIZATION AND HORIZONTAL MERGERS IN A VERTICAL RELATIONSHIP*

THE MANCHESTER SCHOOL, Issue 3 2009
TOMOMICHI MIZUNOArticle first published online: 5 APR 200
In this paper we evaluate the effects of horizontal mergers in a vertical relationship. Each downstream firm can create autonomous divisions. We show that an infinitesimal merger of downstream firms may exhibit a positive welfare effect if the upstream and downstream sectors are sufficiently unconcentrated. However, any merger of upstream firms reduces social welfare. Moreover, a decrease in the concentration in the upstream stage (respectively downstream stage or non-merging stage) makes the welfare effects of the merger in the upstream stage (respectively downstream stage or non-merging stage) less negative (respectively ambiguous or ambiguous). [source]