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Domain Scores (domain + score)
Kinds of Domain Scores Selected AbstractsValidation of Group Domain Score Estimates Using a Test of DomainJOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT, Issue 2 2006Mary Pommerich Domain scores have been proposed as a user-friendly way of providing instructional feedback about examinees' skills. Domain performance typically cannot be measured directly; instead, scores must be estimated using available information. Simulation studies suggest that IRT-based methods yield accurate group domain score estimates. Because simulations can represent best-case scenarios for methodology, it is important to verify results with a real data application. This study administered a domain of elementary algebra (EA) items created from operational test forms. An IRT-based group-level domain score was estimated from responses to a subset of taken items (comprised of EA items from a single operational form) and compared to the actual observed domain score. Domain item parameters were calibrated both using item responses from the special study and from national operational administrations of the items. The accuracy of the domain score estimates were evaluated within schools and across school sizes for each set of parameters. The IRT-based domain score estimates typically were closer to the actual domain score than observed performance on the EA items from the single form. Previously simulated findings for the IRT-based domain score estimation procedure were supported by the results of the real data application. [source] ORIGINAL RESEARCH,ED PHARMACOTHERAPY: Efficacy and Tolerability of Lodenafil Carbonate for Oral Therapy of Erectile Dysfunction: A Phase III Clinical TrialTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2010Sidney Glina MD ABSTRACT Introduction., This is a phase III, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on lodenafil carbonate (LC), a novel phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor developed in Brazil. Aim., Expanding information on LC efficacy and safety. Main Outcome Measures., International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) erectile domain, positive answers to the sexual encounter profile (SEP)-2 and SEP-3 questions and incidence of adverse events (AEs). Methods., A total of 350 men with erectile dysfunction (ED) of all degrees were randomized to placebo, LC 40 mg or LC 80 mg and followed for 4 weeks. They completed the IIEF and answered the SEP questions 2 and 3 after each intercourse without and with the use of LC. Results., IIEF Erectile Domain scores without and with the use of medication were the following (mean [M] ± standard deviation [SD]): placebo = 13.9 ± 5.2 and 14.8 ± 7.8; LC 40 mg = 13.6 ± 5.3 and 18.6 ± 8.0; LC 80 mg = 13.4 ± 4.9 and 20.6 ± 7.7 (analysis of variance [anova]P < 0.01). Positive answers to SEP-2 without and with the use of medication were the following (M ± SD): placebo = 55.3 ± 43.2% and 52.1 ± 41.4%; LC 40 mg = 46.4 ± 44.3% and 63.5 ± 42.0%; LC 80 mg = 50.2 ± 40.9% and 80.8 ± 32.3% (anovaP < 0.01). Positive answers to SEP-3 were the following: placebo = 20.2 ± 32.3% and 29.7 ± 38.1%; LC 40 mg = 19.6 ± 34.3% and 50.8 ± 44.4%; LC 80 mg = 20.8 ± 33.2% and 66.0 ± 39.3% (anovaP < 0.01). The patients with at least one AE were placebo = 28.7%, LC 40 mg = 40.9%, and LC 80 mg = 49.5%. AEs whose incidence was significantly higher with LC than with placebo included rhinitis, headache, flushing, visual disorder, and dizziness. Conclusions., LC showed a satisfactory efficacy,safety profile for oral therapy of ED. Glina S, Fonseca GN, Bertero EB, Damião R, Rocha LCA, Jardim CRF, Cairoli CE, Teloken C, Torres LO, Faria GE, da Silva MB, and Pagani E. Efficacy and tolerability of lodenafil carbonate for oral therapy of erectile dysfunction: A phase III clinical trial. J Sex Med 2010;7:1928,1936. [source] The effect of depression on quality of life of patients with type II diabetes mellitusDEPRESSION AND ANXIETY, Issue 2 2008brahim Eren M.D. Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a frequently encountered metabolic disease with chronic features and involves numerous complications throughout its course, which causes severe restriction and disability in an individual's life. It has been reported that the incidence of depression is higher in diabetic patients and that diabetes is one of the risk factors in the development of depression. It has also been reported that co-morbid psychiatric disorders cause further deterioration in the quality of life in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of depression on the quality of life in type II DM patients. Sixty patients (30 females and 30 males) with current major depressive episode diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria, and 48 type II DM patients (30 females and 18 males) without a major depressive episode (non-depressed group) were included in the study. All patients were evaluated with a semi-structured interview form to assess the clinical features of DM, Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRSA), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), and the Turkish version of The World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF). The HRSD and HRSA scores in the depressed group were 24.87±4.83 and 21.07±5.44, respectively, whereas those in the non-depressed group were 7.83±3.92 and 6.88±3.43, respectively. The physical health, psychological health, social relationship, environmental and social pressure domain, general health-related quality of life, overall quality of life, and WHOQOL-BREF total scores were found significantly lower in the depressed group than the non-depressed group. There were significant negative correlations between HRSD and HRSA scores and physical health, psychological health, social relationship, environmental and social pressure domain, general health-related quality of life, overall quality of life, and WHOQOL-BREF total scores. Furthermore, there were significant negative correlations between the HbA1c level and physical health, social relationship, environmental domain, social pressure domain, general health-related quality of life, overall quality of life, and WHOQOL-BREF total scores. However, there was a significant positive correlation between the level of education and physical health, psychological health, social relationship, environmental social pressure domain, overall quality of life, and WHOQOL-BREF total scores. There were significant negative correlations between social relationship domain score, and age and duration of illness. Our study demonstrates that the presence of depression in type II DM further deteriorates the quality of life of the patients. Since treating depression would have a beneficial effect on the quality of life, clinicians should carefully assess for depression associated with type II DM. Depression and Anxiety 0:1,9, 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Efficacy and safety of on-demand tadalafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in South-East Asian menINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 6 2006YING LU GUO Aim:, Tadalafil is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). The efficacy and safety of tadalafil have been evaluated extensively in Western populations. Our aim was to assess the efficacy and safety of on-demand tadalafil for the treatment of ED in South-East Asian men. Methods:, This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of men with mild to severe ED of various etiologies randomized to receive placebo (n = 122), tadalafil 10 mg (n = 120), or tadalafil 20 mg (n = 125), taken as needed (maximum once daily) for 12 weeks. Efficacy assessments included the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), the Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diary, and a Global Assessment Question (GAQ). Results:, Men from China, Singapore, and the Philippines participated in this trial (n = 367). Compared with placebo, tadalafil significantly improved erectile dysfunction on all efficacy outcomes (P < 0.001). Patients receiving tadalafil 10 mg and 20 mg experienced a significant mean improvement of 8.1 and 8.7, respectively, in the IIEF Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) domain score from baseline (vs placebo 2.4, P < 0.001). In patients receiving tadalafil 10 mg and 20 mg, the mean per-patient success rate for intercourse attempts (SEP3) was 62% and 70%, respectively, compared with 32% for the placebo group (P < 0.001). Of patients who received tadalafil 10 mg and 20 mg, 81% and 86% reported improved erections at endpoint (GAQ) compared with 44% in the placebo group (P < 0.001). The most common adverse events reported by patients were headache, back pain, dyspepsia, and dizziness. Conclusions:, Tadalafil was an effective and well-tolerated treatment for South-East Asian men with ED. [source] Validation of Group Domain Score Estimates Using a Test of DomainJOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT, Issue 2 2006Mary Pommerich Domain scores have been proposed as a user-friendly way of providing instructional feedback about examinees' skills. Domain performance typically cannot be measured directly; instead, scores must be estimated using available information. Simulation studies suggest that IRT-based methods yield accurate group domain score estimates. Because simulations can represent best-case scenarios for methodology, it is important to verify results with a real data application. This study administered a domain of elementary algebra (EA) items created from operational test forms. An IRT-based group-level domain score was estimated from responses to a subset of taken items (comprised of EA items from a single operational form) and compared to the actual observed domain score. Domain item parameters were calibrated both using item responses from the special study and from national operational administrations of the items. The accuracy of the domain score estimates were evaluated within schools and across school sizes for each set of parameters. The IRT-based domain score estimates typically were closer to the actual domain score than observed performance on the EA items from the single form. Previously simulated findings for the IRT-based domain score estimation procedure were supported by the results of the real data application. [source] ORIGINAL RESEARCH,EJACULATORY DISORDERS: Baseline Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes for Men with Acquired or Lifelong Premature Ejaculation with Mild or No Erectile Dysfunction: Integrated Analyses of Two Phase 3 Dapoxetine TrialsTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 6 2010Hartmut Porst MD ABSTRACT Introduction., Premature ejaculation (PE) is classified as an acquired or lifelong condition but data on baseline characteristics and response to treatment of men with acquired or lifelong PE and mild erectile dysfunction (ED) or normal erectile function (EF) is limited. Aim., To present integrated analyses of baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes from phase 3 dapoxetine trials in men with acquired or lifelong PE and mild or no ED. Methods., Data were analyzed from two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 clinical trials (International and Asia-Pacific) that evaluated efficacy and safety of dapoxetine (30 mg or 60 mg as needed [PRN]) in patients with PE. Men were ,18 years, in a stable monogamous relationship for ,6 months, met DSM-IV-TR criteria for PE for ,6 months, had an International Index of Erectile Function EF domain score ,21, and had an intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) ,2 minutes in ,75% of intercourse episodes. Main Outcome Measures., Demographics, sexual history, and PE symptomatology at baseline, and mean IELT and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at study end (week 12), were analyzed for men with acquired or lifelong PE and mild or no ED (EF score 21,25 vs. ,26). Results., Baseline characteristics except duration of PE were similar in men with acquired and lifelong PE, with no other differentiating features by ED status. Dapoxetine treatment improved significantly mean IELT (arithmetic and geometric) and PRO responses (perceived control over ejaculation, satisfaction with sexual intercourse, ejaculation-related personal distress, and interpersonal difficulty) for acquired and lifelong subtypes, but presence of mild ED diminished PRO responsiveness in both subtypes, particularly those with lifelong PE. Conclusions., Baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes were generally similar in men with acquired and lifelong PE. The presence of mild ED appears to be associated with a more modest treatment response, irrespective of lifelong or acquired PE subtype. Porst H, McMahon CG, Althof SE, Sharlip I, Bull S, Aquilina JW, Tesfaye F, and Rivas DA. Baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes for men with acquired or lifelong premature ejaculation with mild or no erectile dysfunction: Integrated analyses of two phase 3 dapoxetine trials. J Sex Med 2010;7:2231,2242. [source] Efficacy of Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Treatment in Men with Erectile Dysfunction and Dyslipidemia: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Vardenafil Statin StudyTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2010Martin M. Miner MD ABSTRACT Introduction., Dyslipidemia occurs often in subjects with erectile dysfunction (ED), but there is little information about how this condition affects ED treatment responses. Aim., To determine whether low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio; or the presence of metabolic syndrome influenced efficacy of vardenafil in men with ED and dyslipidemia. Methods., Post hoc subgroup analysis of a 12-week study of the influence of lipid levels and presence of metabolic syndrome on the efficacy of vardenafil as measured by International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) domain score, responses to Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) SEP2 and SEP3 questions, duration of erection leading to successful intercourse, and erection duration regardless of the answer to SEP3. Lipid values were obtained at study start, after patients had received at least 3 months of therapy with a statin. Main Outcome Measures., Outcomes in subjects with LDL-C <100, ,100 to <130, or ,130 mg/dL [<2.59, ,2.59 to <3.36, or ,3.36 mmol/L]; TC/HDL-C ratio <3.5 vs. ,3.5, and presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. Results., Vardenafil improved all endpoints evaluated compared with placebo in all subgroups, however, nominally significant treatment by subgroup interaction terms did not follow a distinct pattern. Increasing LDL-C (P = 0.033), but not TC/HDL-C ratio or metabolic syndrome, was associated with an increase in treatment response measured by the IIEF-EF domain score. Responses to SEP3 were nominally influenced by LDL-C levels (P = 0.019), but were not significantly influenced by TC/HDL-C ratio, or the metabolic syndrome. Only higher TC/HDL-C ratios (,3.5) were associated with larger treatment differences in duration of erection leading to successful intercourse (P = 0.028). Conclusions., Vardenafil was effective in men with dyslipidemia regardless of LDL-C levels, TC/HDL-C ratio, and/or presence of metabolic syndrome. Despite the known presence of ED and dyslipidemia, other cardiovascular risk factors were apparently not aggressively managed. Miner MM, Barnes A, and Janning S. Efficacy of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor treatment in men with erectile dysfunction and dyslipidemia: A post hoc analysis of the vardenafil statin study. J Sex Med 2010;7:1937,1947. [source] Clomiphene Citrate and Testosterone Gel Replacement Therapy for Male Hypogonadism: Efficacy and Treatment CostTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 1pt1 2010Frederick Taylor MD ABSTRACT Introduction., The efficacy of oral clomiphene citrate (CC) in the treatment of male hypogonadism and male infertility (MI) with low serum testosterone and normal gonadotropin levels has been reported. Aim., The aim of this article is to evaluate CC and testosterone gel replacement therapy (TGRT) with regard to biochemical and clinical efficacy and cost. Main Outcome Measures., The main outcome measures were change in serum testosterone with CC and TGRT therapy, and change in the androgen deficiency in aging male (ADAM) questionnaire scores with CC therapy. Methods., Men receiving CC or TGRT with either Androgel® 1% or Testim® 1% for hypogonadism (defined as testosterone < 300 ng/mL) or MI were included. Serum values were collected 1,2 months after treatment initiation and semi-annually thereafter. Retrospective data collection was performed via chart review. Subjective follow up of patients receiving CC was performed via telephone interview using the ADAM questionnaire. Results., A hundred and four men (65 CC and 39 TGRT) were identified who began CC (50 mg every other day) or TGRT (5 g). Average age (years) was 42(CC) vs. 57 (TGRT). Average follow up was 23 months (CC, range 8,40 months) vs. 46 months (TGRT, range 6,149 months). Average posttreatment testosterone was 573 ng/dL in the CC group and 553 ng/dL in the TGRT group (P value < 0.001). The monthly cost of Testim® 1% (5 gm daily) is $270, Androgel® 1% (5 gm daily) is $265, and CC (50 mg every other day) is $83. Among CC patients, the average pretreatment ADAM score was 4.9 vs. 2.1 at follow up (P < 0.05). Average pretreatment ADAM sexual function domain score was 0.76 vs. 0.23 at follow up (P < 0.05). There were no adverse events reported. Conclusion., CC represents a treatment option for men with hypogonadism, demonstrating biochemical and clinical efficacy with few side effects and lower cost as compared with TGRT. Taylor F, and Levine L. Clomiphene citrate and testosterone gel replacement therapy for male hypogonadism: Efficacy and treatment cost. J Sex Med 2010;7:269,276. [source] ORIGINAL RESEARCH,WOMEN'S SEXUAL HEALTH: Biofeedback, Electrical Stimulation, Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises, and Vaginal Cones: A Combined Rehabilitative Approach for Sexual Dysfunction Associated with Urinary IncontinenceTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 6 2009Massimo Rivalta MD ABSTRACT Introduction., Urinary incontinence (UI) is often associated with sexual dysfunction. We present our preliminary experience with a combined rehabilitative approach consisting of biofeedback, functional electrical stimulation, pelvic floor muscle exercises, and vaginal cones. Aim., The potential impact of such practice on UI and sexual function was analyzed in our case series and discussed. Main Outcome Measures and Methods., We evaluated three women affected by UI and sexual dysfunction. The patients underwent combined pelvic floor rehabilitation (PFR), kept voiding diaries, and filled out the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI questionnaire) before and after the completion of PFR. We evaluated each domain score, including desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. Results., After the combined rehabilitation program, none of them had UI requiring pad use or referred urine leakage during sexual activity, including intercourse. Before PFR, FSFI score ranged from 16 to 21; after treatment, the FSFI score ranged from 22.1 to 29.3. There was an improvement in patients regarding desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. Conclusions., A complete rehabilitation can provide a beneficial effect on sexual function. A larger trial, on a more extended female population, is currently in progress, in order to confirm our findings. The effectiveness of a complete PFR scheme, together with the lack of side effects, makes it a suitable approach to sexual dysfunction that is associated with UI. Rivalta M, Sighinolfi MC, De Stefani S, Micali S, Mofferdin A, Grande M, and Bianchi G. Biofeedback, electrical stimulation, pelvic floor muscle exercises, and vaginal cones: A combined rehabilitative approach for sexual dysfunction associated with urinary incontinence. J Sex Med 2009;6:1674,1677. [source] Vardenafil Restores Erectile Function to Normal Range in Men with Erectile DysfunctionTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 1 2007Harin Padma-Nathan MD ABSTRACT Introduction., The ability of oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor therapy to restore erectile function to normal is an important attribute to men with erectile dysfunction (ED). Aim., To assess the ability of vardenafil to restore normal erectile function in men with general ED. Methods., In two fixed-dose, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pivotal studies, patients received vardenafil (5, 10, or 20 mg) or placebo for 12/26 weeks. Main Outcome Measure., In this retrospective analysis, the percentage of patients "returning to normal" erectile function at week 12 (as defined by scores ,26 on erectile function domain of International Index of Erectile Function [IIEF-EF]) was determined, with further stratification by baseline ED severity, etiology, age, and duration of ED. Results., Vardenafil 5, 10, and 20 mg returned 32%, 43%, and 49% of patients, respectively, to normal erectile function after 12 weeks, compared with 10% of patients receiving placebo (P < 0.0001). Return to normal IIEF-EF domain scores was noted irrespective of severity, etiology, age, and duration of ED, and was observed even in challenging-to-treat subgroups. With vardenafil 20 mg, 39% of men with severe ED at baseline, 45,49% of men with ED of mixed or organic etiology, 35% of men aged ,65 years, and 43% of men with ED of ,3 years of duration returned to normal erectile function at week 12. Mean per-patient SEP3 (question 3 on the Sexual Encounter Profile) success rates in patients achieving IIEF-EF domain scores ,26 ranged from 87% to 95%. Conclusion., Vardenafil improves the IIEF-EF domain score to the normal range in a substantial proportion of men with ED. Padma-Nathan H, Montorsi F, Giuliano F, Meuleman E, Auerbach S, Eardley I, McCullough A, Homering M, and Segerson T for the North American and European Vardenafil Study Group. Vardenafil restores erectile function to normal range in men with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2007;4:152,161. [source] Efficacy and Safety of Two Dosing Regimens of Tadalafil and Patterns of Sexual Activity in Men with Diabetes Mellitus and Erectile Dysfunction: Scheduled Use vs.THE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 3 2006On-Demand Regimen Evaluation (SURE) Study in 14 European Countries ABSTRACT Aim., The aim of this article is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 20-mg tadalafil taken on demand or three times per week and its effect on the sexual activity of patients with diabetes mellitus and erectile dysfunction (ED). Methods., The scheduled use vs. on-demand regimen evaluation (SURE) was a randomized, crossover, open-label study with 4,262 patients in 14 European countries. The efficacy measures for the 762 patients with diabetes and ED included changes from baseline in the erectile function (EF) domain of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), and the proportion of "yes" responses to patient Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) questions 2 (SEP2) and 3 (SEP3). The treatment satisfaction was measured with responses to SEP question 4 (SEP4) and SEP question 5 (SEP5), and sexual attempts data were collected. Patient preference for either regimen was determined by the treatment preference question (TPQ). Results., At end point on both regimens, the mean IIEF EF domain score was 22, and >40% of the patients had a normal EF domain score (,26). The proportion of "yes" responses was ,73% for SEP2 (penetration), ,58% for SEP3 (successful intercourse), >46% for SEP4 (hardness of erection), and ,45% for SEP5 (overall satisfaction). Efficacy was maintained up to 36 hours post-dosing. More than 70% of sexual attempts while on the three-times-per-week regimen and approximately 50% of the attempts on the on-demand treatment occurred >4 hours post-dosing. Tadalafil was well tolerated, with dyspepsia and headache as the most frequent adverse events reported. Treatment preference was 57.2% for on demand and 42.8% for three times per week. Conclusions., Tadalafil, when taken on demand or three times per week, is efficacious and safe in men with diabetes and ED. Buvat J, van Ahlen H, Schmitt H, Chan M, Kuepfer C, and Varanese L. Efficacy and safety of two dosing regimens of tadalafil and patterns of sexual activity in men with diabetes mellitus and erectile dysfunction: Scheduled use vs. on-demand regimen evaluation (SURE) study in 14 European countries. J Sex Med 2006;3:512,520. [source] Efficacy and Safety of Oral Tadalafil in the Treatment of Men in Canada with Erectile Dysfunction: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel, Placebo-Controlled Clinical TrialTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2005FRCSC, Serge Carrier MD ABSTRACT Introduction., Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a highly prevalent, often undertreated condition. Aim., This 12-week, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled study was conducted at 25 sites in Canada to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, for the treatment of ED. Methods., Men with ED of organic, psychogenic, or mixed etiology were stratified by baseline ED severity then randomly assigned to placebo (N = 50), tadalafil 10 mg (N = 103), or tadalafil 20 mg (N = 100), taken as needed (maximum, once daily). Main Outcome Measures., Efficacy was assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), a Sexual Encounter Profile diary, and a global assessment question (GAQ). Results., Tadalafil 10 mg and tadalafil 20 mg significantly improved erectile function compared with placebo (P < 0.001, all measures). At end point, the mean IIEF erectile function (EF) domain scores were 14.5, 21.2, and 23.3 of a possible score of 30 for placebo, tadalafil 10 mg, and tadalafil 20 mg, respectively. Patients treated with tadalafil reported greater change from baseline on the IIEF EF domain score compared with placebo, regardless of baseline ED severity. During treatment, the mean per-patient proportion of successful intercourse attempts was higher for tadalafil 10 mg and 20 mg than for placebo (placebo, 31.9%; tadalafil 10 mg, 56.7%; and tadalafil 20 mg, 61.5%), and a greater proportion of patients reported improved erections with tadalafil (GAQ; placebo, 22.0%; tadalafil 10 mg, 67.0%; tadalafil 20 mg, 79.0%). Fifty percent and 62% of patients treated with tadalafil 10 mg and 20 mg, respectively, achieved successful sexual intercourse after their first dose, compared with 31% with placebo. Treatment-emergent adverse events were generally mild or moderate. Conclusion., Tadalafil was an effective, well-tolerated therapy for ED of broad-spectrum etiology and severity. Carrier S, Brock GB, Pommerville PJ, Shin J, Anglin G, Whitaker S, and Beasley CM Jr. Efficacy and safety of oral tadalafil in the treatment of men in Canada with erectile dysfunction: A randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Sex Med 2005;2:685,698. [source] Safety and efficacy of sildenafil citrate in treating erectile dysfunction in patients with combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder: a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled studyBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2009Mohammad Reza Safarinejad OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of sildenafil citrate for treating erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients with combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 266 combat-exposed war veterans with ED (aged 37,59 years) were recruited. They met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV criteria for PTSD according to the Structured Clinical Interview for Patients, Investigator Version. The patients were also evaluated with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, both to establish the diagnosis of PTSD and to measure symptom severity. Only patients with psychogenic ED were included in the study. Patients with comorbid conditions (diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension, Peyronie's disease) and smokers of more than five cigarettes daily were excluded. The patients were randomly divided into a group of 133 who received 100 mg of on-demand sildenafil 0.75,2 h before sexual stimulation, and 133 who received placebo. Patients were asked to use ,16 doses or attempts at home. The efficacy of the treatments was assessed every four attempts during treatment, and at the end of the study, using responses to the 15-question International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), Sexual Encounter Profile diary questions 2 and 3, Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction questionnaire, patients' event logs of sexual activity, and a Global Assessment Question about erections. RESULTS Sildenafil did not produce significantly and substantially greater improvement than placebo in each of the primary and secondary outcome measures (P = 0.08). A normal EF domain score (,26) at endpoint was reported by 13 (9.8%), and 11 (8.3%) of patients on the sildenafil and placebo regimens, respectively (P = 0.09). Patients treated with sildenafil had no statistically significantly greater improvement in the five sexual function domains of the IIEF questionnaire than those treated with placebo (P = 0.08). The incidences of treatment-emergent adverse events were significantly greater in the sildenafil arm than in the placebo group (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Sildenafil is no better than placebo in treating PTSD-emergent ED. Further randomized clinical trials are warranted in combat veterans and other populations with PTSD to better elucidate the role of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in treating PTSD-emergent ED. [source] The role of prolactin levels in the sexual activity of married men with erectile dysfunctionBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2006Jae-Seung Paick OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of risk factors for erectile dysfunction (ED) including anthropometry, hormones, metabolic profiles and lifestyle, on sexual activity in married men with ED. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 261 men (mean age 53.7 years, range 23,80), who were evaluated for anthropometry, hormone levels, metabolic profiles and lifestyle factors. Erectile function was evaluated using the self-administered International Index of Erectile Function. Patients were classified into two groups based on the six-item erectile-function domain, as those with sexual activity and those without. RESULTS Of all patients, 62.5% (163 of 261) had no sexual activity (erectile-function domain score <6). There was a significant difference in mean (sem) prolactin level between patients with and with no sexual activity, at 4.8 (0.4) vs 6.8 (0.7) (P = 0.013). Of all patients, 73.7% (42 of 57) with diabetes had no sexual activity, while 59.3% (121 of 204) without diabetes had (P = 0.048). In a multivariate model, a higher prolactin level was associated with a greater likelihood of sexual inactivity (odds ratio 1.094; 95% confidence interval, 1.010,1.185; P = 0.028) but diabetes lost its statistical significance. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for prolactin was 60.5% (95% confidence interval, 52.9,68.1%; P = 0.009) for sexual inactivity. No other factors were significant in this regard. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that prolactin levels might play a role in sexual activity in men with ED. [source] Parent-completed developmental screening in a Norwegian population sample: a comparison with US normative dataACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 11 2004H Janson Aim: To compare normative data of a Norwegian translation of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires with original US normative data. Methods: Norwegian-born mothers randomly selected from the population register completed Norwegian translations of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires, a series of 19 age-specific child development screening questionnaires each made up of 30 items in five domains: Communication, Gross Motor, Fine Motor, Problem Solving, and Personal-Social. Domain score group differences with original US normative data on 10 age-specific questionnaires (for ages 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 30, 36, 48, and 60 mo) were investigated. The Norwegian data consisted of 1341 children, varying between 82 and 176 per age interval. Results: On the whole, parents' reports of their children's development were very similar in the two data sets. Only five out of 50 mean comparisons revealed a mean difference either greater than a Cohen's d of 0.5 or greater than the smallest increment on a domain score. The variation in scores tended to be somewhat smaller in the Norwegian sample. Conclusion: It seems reasonable to expect that domain scores on the Ages and Stages Questionnaires may be interpreted in the same way in Norway and the United States, and these results may also generalize to other Western settings. These findings from a true random sample also increase the confidence in the original normative data. [source] Quality of life and health-related quality of life of adolescents with cerebral palsyDEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE & CHILD NEUROLOGY, Issue 7 2007Peter L Rosenbaum MD FRCP(C) This study assessed quality of life (QOL) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of 203 adolescents with cerebral palsy (111 males, 92 females; mean age 16y [SD 1y 9mo]). Participants were classified using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), as Level I (n=60), Level II (n=33), Level III (n=28), Level IV (n=50), or Level V (n=32). QOL was assessed by self (66.5%) or by proxy (33.5%) with the Quality of Life Instrument for People With Developmental Disabilities, which asks about the importance and satisfaction associated with the QOL domains of Being, Belonging, and Becoming; HRQOL was captured through proxy reports with the Health Utilities Index, Mark 3 (HUI3), which characterizes health in terms of eight attributes, each having five or six ordered levels of function. GMFCS level was not a source of variation for QOL domain scores but was significantly associated with the eight HRQOL attributes and overall HUI3 utility scores (p<0.05). Some QOL domain scores varied significantly by type of respondent (self vs proxy; p<0.05). Overall HUI3 utility values were significantly but weakly correlated with QOL Instrument scores for Being (r=0.37), Belonging (r=0.17), Becoming (r=0.20), and Overall QOL (r=0.28), and thus explain up to 14% of the variance (r2). These findings suggest that although QOL and HRQOL are somewhat related conceptually, they are different constructs and need to be considered as separate dimensions of the lives of people with functional limitations. [source] Participation of children with cerebral palsy is influenced by where they liveDEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE & CHILD NEUROLOGY, Issue 5 2004Donna Hammal MSc The study aimed to determine whether degree of participation of children with cerebral palsy (CP) is influenced by where they live, as predicted by the social model of disability. Ninety-two per cent children with CP resident in Northern England and born 1991-1996 were entered into the study. Participation was measured by the Lifestyle Assessment Score and its six component domain scores. Regression analysis was used to investigate variations in participation. There were 443 children (265 male, 178 female; mean age 4 years 8 months [SD1 year 1 month] at time of assessment) in the study. In the regression analysis the following factors remained significant with regard to level of participation: type of CP (167 with hemiplegia, and of those remaining 240 with bilateral spasticity); intellectual impairment (105 with IQ<50,113 with IQ 50 to 70, and 225 with IQ>70); presence of seizures (115 with active epilepsy); walking disability (114 unable to walk, 81 restricted and needing aids, 186 restricted but unaided, 62 unrestricted); communication problems (61 no formal communication, 51 use alternative formal methods, 126 some delay or difficulty, 205 no communication problems). After adjustment for these factors, there were significant variations with regard to level of participation in the Lifestyle Assessment Score by district of residence. The magnitude of these variations in Lifestyle Assessment Score between districts is similar to that accounted for by severe intellectual impairment. Similar models were obtained for four of the six domain scores. For one of these four, restriction of social interaction, the significant variation between districts was minimally influenced by the underlying type of CP, walking ability, or presence of seizures. Higher levels of participation among children with CP are associated with residence in certain districts. This is not attributable to variations in case-mix or functional capacity of the children. Participation of children with disability is partly a product of their environment. [source] Determinants and status of quality of life after long-term botulinum toxin therapy for cervical dystoniaEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 10 2007I. M. Skogseid The aim of this study was to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL), using the Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36), in 70 cervical dystonia (CD) patients after long-term botulinum toxin (BTX) treatment (median 5.5 years), and to identify factors determining reduced HRQoL. We used combined patient-and physician-based measures to assess both CD severity [Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale, (TWSTRS)] and effect of long-term BTX treatment, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and General Health Questionnaire-30 to assess psychological distress. Mean SF-36 domain scores of the CD patients were reduced by <1 SD compared with age- and gender-matched population samples. High TWSTRS total scores and high HAD-depression (HAD-D) scores were the main factors associated with reduced scores in the physical and mental SF-36 domains, respectively. Patients evaluated to have a ,good effect' of long-term BTX treatment (n = 47), had significantly lower median TWSTRS total score, and a 3× lower frequency of high HAD-D scores, than those evaluated to an ,unsatisfactory effect' (n = 23). In conclusion, most CD patients enjoy a good HRQoL after long-term BTX therapy. Reduced HRQoL was associated with more severe disease and/or depressive symptoms. [source] Health-related quality of life in patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome and Xerostomia: a comparative studyGERODONTOLOGY, Issue 1 2002Jocelyne Rostron Abstract Objective: To compare the health status of groups of Primary Sjögren's and Xerostomia patients, using the Medical Outcomes Short Form 36 (SF-36). The SF-36 is a generic measure, divided into eight domains, used in the assessment of health-related quality of life. Patients and methods: The SF-36 was given to 2 groups: Group 1 comprised 43 patients diagnosed with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (1SS) and an unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UFR) of <0.1 ml/min). Group 2 (n = 40) reported Xerosiomia but had an UFR >0.2 ml/min. Sub groups of patients in Groups 1 and 2 were compared with community normative data, for the SF-36 Results: There were trends to suggest lower SF36 scores for 1SS patients but there were no significant differences between the mean domain scores of Groups 1 and 2. 1SS and Xerostomia patients registered lower mean scores across all 8 domains, compared with normative community data. Conclusion: The SF-36 was unable to detect significant differences between subjects with 1SS and Xerostomia but a larger sample size is required to confirm these findings. The results of this limited study suggest that a disease-specific measure is required to assess the impact 1SS on health-related Quality of life (QOL). [source] Postmarketing surveillance study of KOGENATE® Bayer with Bio-Set® in patients with haemophilia A: evaluation of patients' satisfaction after switch to the new reconstitution systemHAEMOPHILIA, Issue 1 2010N. VIDOVIC Summary., KOGENATE® Bayer (rFVIII-FS) with Bio-Set® is designed to prevent patient contact with exposed needles during recombinant factor VIII reconstitution. This postmarketing surveillance study evaluated patient satisfaction before and after switching to the new Bio-Set reconstitution method. Male children and adults with haemophilia A were enrolled from nine European countries. A preference questionnaire was administered to patients after Bio-Set training and at the end of the observation period (,20 exposure days or 3 months). Physician assessments of patient compliance and satisfaction were conducted at the end of the observation period. Patients (N = 306) received a mean ± SD of 28 ± 23 infusions of rFVIII-FS with Bio-Set. A majority of patients (82%) preferred the Bio-Set method, with domain scores for ease of use, safety from needlesticks, and speed of reconstitution being highest after training and at the end of the observation period. The Bio-Set method received higher mean scores than previous reconstitution methods for worry/safety and ease/confidence domains at both time points. Physician-reported patient compliance with the Bio-Set method was similar or greater compared with the previous method for 94% of the patients, with physicians reporting that 92% of the patients were satisfied or very satisfied with Bio-Set. Thirteen adverse events (AEs) occurred in nine patients, and five serious AEs occurred in five patients; none was related to rFVIII-FS. No de novo or recurrent inhibitor development was observed during the observation period. rFVIII-FS with Bio-Set was well tolerated and well accepted by haemophilia A patients, which may improve treatment compliance. [source] Effect of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease on quality of life of patients with chronic liver diseaseHEPATOLOGY RESEARCH, Issue 4 2008Kazutomo Suzuki Aim:, Reflux esophagitis is becoming increasingly more prevalent in Japan. It has been noted that symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and chronic liver disease may adversely affect patients' quality of life. Methods:, In the present study, 238 chronic liver disease patients (151 patients with chronic hepatitis and 87 patients with liver cirrhosis) were enrolled. The diagnosis of GERD was made based on the Quality-of-Life and Utility Evaluation Survey Technology questionnaire. Health-related quality of life was evaluated using the Short Forum 36 questionnaire. Results:, Symptomatic GERD was present in 31.8% (48/151) of patients with chronic hepatitis and 36.8% (32/87) of patients with liver cirrhosis. Among the chronic hepatitis group, compared to the GERD-negative group, the GERD-positive group had significantly lower scores in six domains, including "rolelimitation due to physical problem", "bodily pain", "general health perception", "vitality", "role limitation due to emotional problem", and "mental health". Among the cirrhotic group, compared to the GERD-negative group, the GERD-positive group had significantly lower scores in the "role limitation due to emotional problem" domain. Significant improvement in the "physical functioning", "bodily pain", and "general health perception" domain scores was noted in chronic hepatitis patients treated with rabeprazole. Conclusion:, The QOL of chronic liver disease patients with symptomatic GERD was impaired. [source] Health-related quality of life of youth with inflammatory bowel disease: A comparison with published data using the PedsQL 4.0 generic core scalesINFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES, Issue 6 2010Jennifer Hauser Kunz PhD Abstract Background: This study compared youth and parent-proxy reports of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among youth with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to published comparison group data and examined concordance between youth and parent-proxy reports of HRQoL. Methods: One hundred thirty-six youth and parent-proxy reports on the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales were compared to published data from chronically ill, acutely ill, and healthy comparison groups using independent samples t -tests. Reporter agreement was examined using paired samples t -tests and intraclass correlations (ICCs). Results: Youth with IBD reported lower psychosocial functioning than the healthy comparison group, higher physical and social functioning than the chronically ill group, and lower school functioning than all published comparison groups. Parent-proxy reports of youth HRQoL were higher than the chronically ill group, but lower than the healthy group on all scales except psychosocial functioning. Youth with active IBD reported lower physical health domain scores than youth with inactive disease. Concordance between youth and parent-proxy reports was moderate, with the lowest agreement in school and social functioning. Conclusions: Youth with IBD and their parents rate HRQoL as lower than healthy youth but do not perceive the impact of IBD to be as limiting as in other chronic conditions. Youth report suggests that IBD may be particularly detrimental to HRQoL in the school functioning domain. Moderate agreement between parent and youth reports substantiates continued use of multiple informants in studies of pediatric HRQoL. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010 [source] Effects of solifenacin on overactive bladder symptoms, symptom bother and other patient-reported outcomes: results from VIBRANT , a double-blind, placebo-controlled trialINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 12 2009M. D. Vardy Summary Aim:, The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of solifenacin on symptom bother using the Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q). Methods:, In VIBRANT, a double-blind, US-based trial, patients with OAB for , 3 months received flexibly dosed solifenacin or placebo for 12 weeks. At baseline and 4-week intervals, patients completed the OAB-q [symptom bother and health-related quality of life (HRQL) scales] and 3-day bladder diaries; other patient-reported outcome measures were also assessed at baseline and week 12. The primary efficacy end-point was the change from baseline to end of treatment (EOT) on the OAB-q Symptom Bother scale. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored. Results:, At EOT, solifenacin (n = 377) vs. placebo (n = 374) significantly improved mean symptom bother (,29.9 vs. ,20.4, p < 0.0001), HRQL total (25.3 vs. 16.7, p < 0.0001) and all HRQL domain scores (Ps < 0.0001). Solifenacin vs. placebo significantly improved daily episodes of urgency, incontinence and frequency but not nocturia. Significant separation from placebo was evident as early as week 4. Overall, significantly more solifenacin vs. placebo patients reported treatment benefit (84% vs. 63%), satisfaction (80% vs. 59%) and willingness to continue (79% vs. 60%; Ps< 0.0001). Treatment-related AEs in solifenacin vs. placebo patients were dry mouth (13% vs. 2%), constipation (8% vs. 2%) and dry eye (2% vs. 0.3%). Conclusions:, As early as week 4 and through EOT, flexibly dosed solifenacin significantly improved OAB symptom bother and HRQL as well as the symptoms of urgency, frequency and incontinence compared with placebo. Significantly more solifenacin patients reported treatment benefit and satisfaction at week 12 compared with placebo. [source] Identifying functional impairment with scores from the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS)INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 5 2010Valerie L. Hobson Abstract Objective To examine the link between RBANS scores and functional impairment. Functional status was evaluated through informant report using the clinical dementia rating (CDR) scale. Methods Archival data were reviewed from records of 99 patients in a memory disorder clinic (MDC) research database. Consensus-based diagnoses were Alzheimer's disease (AD; n,=,48), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n,=,48), AD with vascular components; (n,=,2) and dementia due to psychiatric conditions (n,=,1). Results The RBANS language index score was significantly related to CDR domain scores of community affairs (p,<,.01), home and hobbies (p,<,.01), personal care (p,<,.05), memory (p,<,0.01), and judgment (p,<,0.01). RBANS immediate memory index scores were significantly related to (p,<,0.05) the CDR Memory and judgment and problem solving domains. Based on these findings, follow-up regressions were conducted. Semantic fluency was significantly related to CDR memory (p,<,0.01), judgment (p,<,0.05), community affairs (p,<,0.05), home/hobbies (p,<,0.05), and personal care (p,<,0.05) functional domains. Picture naming was significantly related to the CDR personal care domain (p,<,0.05). List learning was significantly related to CDR memory functional domain (p,<,0.01) and judgment (p,<,0.05). Lastly, story memory was significantly related to the CDR judgment domain (p,<,0.05). Conclusions The RBANS may be an indicator of functional impairment as well as a neuropsychological testing tool. The use of the RBANS could reduce the amount of testing that is administered to the patient, or can provide a way to compare other measurements of functional impairment to assess accuracy of findings. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Change of sexual function after midurethral sling procedure for stress urinary incontinenceINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 8 2008Duk Yoon Kim Objectives: To compare sexual function in women before and after the midurethral sling procedure for stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: A total of 75 women undergoing surgery for SUI between September 2005 and September 2006 were recruited for this study. Those who completed the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively were included in the analysis. The FSFI is a validated, 19-item questionnaire, which assesses six domains of sexual function, including desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. Results: Data were analyzed for 47 patients. Overall sexual function after the midurethral sling procedure was not significantly different. There were no significant differences in overall sexual function or any of the individual FSFI domain scores between patients with and without concomitant posterior colporrhaphy. There were no significant differences in sexual function between the transobturator and the retropubic surgical routes. Conclusions: There is no significant change in overall sexual function in women undergoing the midurethral sling procedure. Posterior colporrhaphy and operative methods do not affect overall sexual function. [source] Prevalence of erectile dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndromeINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 4 2006TEVFIK DEMIR Aim:, We wished to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and erectile dysfunction (ED). Materials and methods:, A total of 268 patients were included in this study. All of the patients were asked to fill in an International Index for Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire. The presence of metabolic syndrome was determined when any three or more of the five risk factors were present according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP)-III. The relationship between risk factor for metabolic syndrome and ED status was determined according to logistic regression analysis. Results:, Eighty-nine patients (33%) constituted the metabolic syndrome group. IIEF-EF domain scores of patients with and without metabolic syndrome were 17.7 ± 7.9 and 21.7 ± 7.5, respectively (P < 0.001). Seventy-four percent of patients with metabolic syndrome and 50% of patients without metabolic syndrome had ED (P < 0.001; odds ratio 2.9; 95% CI 1.7,5.0). Erectile function domain scores significantly decreased as the number of metabolic risk factors increased (P < 0.001). Patients with the risk factor of fasting blood glucose (FBG), waist circumference (WC), or hypertension (HT) had lower erectile function domain scores than the patients with other metabolic risk factors. Logistic regression analysis revealed that FBG and WC were the most important criteria for ED. Conclusions:, Metabolic syndrome seems to be a potential risk factor for ED. We recommend patients with metabolic syndrome should be questioned about ED, and WC measurement might take part in the evaluation of ED. [source] Effect of grass pollen immunotherapy with Alutard SQ® on quality of life in seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitisALLERGY, Issue 11 2007R. J. Powell Background:, Treatment of allergic rhinitis with subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy is effective in terms of reductions in symptoms and seasonal use of reliever medication. Its effect on quality of life (QoL), reflecting the impact of symptoms on work/school performance and leisure activities is, however, important and often overlooked. Aims of the study:, To assess effect on QoL of specific immunotherapy with two doses of Alutard SQ®Phleum pratense in patients with moderately to severe seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by standard drug therapy. Methods:, Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of 410 patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Participants were randomized (2 : 1 : 1) to receive Alutard SQ®P. pratense (ALK-Abelló) at maintenance doses of 100 000 SQ-U (203 subjects), 10 000 SQ-U (104 subjects) or placebo (103 subjects) given by subcutaneous injections. The groups were well matched for demographics and baseline symptoms. Quality of life was assessed using the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire which covers seven domains of health before and in the peak of the pollen season. Results:, While all domain scores were significantly improved when comparing 100 000 SQ-U with placebo, two domain scores were significantly improved when comparing 10 000 SQ-U with placebo. When comparing 100 000 SQ-U with 10 000 SQ-U, four domain scores were significantly improved. Conclusion:, Treatment with Alutard SQ® significantly improved the seasonal QoL of patients suffering from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. The improvement was more pronounced and wider ranging in patients who received the higher 100 000 SQ-U maintenance dose. [source] Reliability and validity of a Japanese quality of life scale for the elderly with dementiaNURSING & HEALTH SCIENCES, Issue 2 2000Noriko Yamamoto-Mitani RN Abstract This paper examines reliability and validity of an instrument measuring the quality of life of elderly Japanese people with dementia. The instrument is a translation of an American instrument. The instrument has 48 items with binary answer format over five domains: ,social interaction', ,awareness of self', ,enjoyment of activities', ,feelings and mood', and ,response to surroundings'. Altogether, 321 elderly in various facilities/services in Japan were evaluated by their formal caregivers. Factor analysis supported the domain of ,enjoyment of activities', but the domains of ,awareness of self' and ,response to surroundings' were statistically overlapped. The domains of ,social interaction' and ,feeling and mood' were not supported. Test,retest reliability was generally satisfactory except for the domain of ,response to surroundings'. Interrater reliability was relatively low for domain scores but the total score was acceptable. Thus, the instrument showed moderate reliability and validity and further improvement is needed. [source] The predictive validity of the Phelps Kindergarten Readiness ScalePSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS, Issue 5 2004Kristine M. Augustyniak This study assesses the predictive validity of the Phelps Kindergarten Readiness Scale (PKRS) for later academic achievement and explores the utility of a domain-specific measure of kindergarten readiness. Kindergarten readiness scores were significantly correlated with both math and language arts achievement as measured by New York State fourth-grade assessments for 148 students in a suburban, northeastern public school. In addition, each of the PKRS domains (Verbal, Perceptual, and Auditory) was correlated with later academic achievement. Two simultaneously calculated regression analyses showed that language arts skills were best predicted by the Verbal and Auditory domains of the PKRS and that math achievement was more complexly determined by all three readiness domains. Structural equation modeling using AMOS-4 showed that the latent construct readiness, as measured by the PKRS domain scores, was positively and significantly related to the latent construct academic achievement. Finally, this relationship held when age, gender, and behavioral indices at the time of kindergarten screening were used as moderator variables. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 41: 509,516, 2004. [source] Study of the Reliability and Validity of the Community Health Intensity Rating Scale (CHIRS) in the Turkish CommunityPUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 3 2007Aysun Çelebio ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Community Health Intensity Rating Scale (CHIRS) that was translated into the Turkish language and applied in the Turkish community. The CHIRS is a tool that assesses the intensity of need for care of persons/families in the community. The original version of the tool was translated into Turkish, examined for face validity and language appropriateness by the Turkish experts, and then applied to 372 families living in Odemis, Turkey. Significant correlations were found between total scale score (TSS) and total number of household members, and between the TSS and the total number of visits to any health institution within the previous month. In addition, the self-health care needs evaluation scores supported predictive validity. For reliability, min,max values, standard errors and deviations, skewness, and kurtosis coefficients of parameter scores, domain scores, and TSS were examined. The mean TSS was 26.7 (± 5.32) and the mean age of the participants was 35.0 years. For internal consistency, Cronbach's , (.525) and Guttman split-half coefficient (.629) values were established for the TSS. In conclusion, the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of CHIRS have been established. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||