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Adolescent Smokers (adolescent + smoker)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Association of adolescent symptoms of depression and anxiety with daily smoking and nicotine dependence in young adulthood: findings from a 10-year longitudinal study

ADDICTION, Issue 9 2010
Maria McKenzie
ABSTRACT Aims To examine the association of adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms with daily smoking and nicotine dependence in young adulthood. Design A prospective cohort study of adolescent and young adult health (n = 1943). Teen assessments occurred at 6-monthly intervals, with two follow-up assessments in young adulthood (wave 7, 1998; wave 8, 2001,03). Setting Victoria, Australia. Participants Students who participated at least once during the first six (adolescent) waves of the cohort study. Measurements Adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R). Young adult tobacco use was defined as: daily use (6 or 7 days per week) and dependent use (,4 on the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence). Findings Among adolescent ,less than daily' smokers, those with high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms had an increased risk of reporting nicotine dependence in young adulthood [odds ratio (OR) 3.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2,9.1] compared to young adults who had low levels of adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms, after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Similarly, in the adjusted model (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.0,3.4), among adolescent ,daily' smokers, those with high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms had an almost two-fold increase in the odds of reporting nicotine dependence in young adulthood compared to young adults with low levels of adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms. Conclusions Adolescent smokers with depression and anxiety symptoms are at increased risk for nicotine dependence into young adulthood. They warrant vigilance from primary care providers in relation to tobacco use well into adulthood. [source]

Characteristics of Inner-City Pregnant Smoking Teenagers

JOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC, GYNECOLOGIC & NEONATAL NURSING, Issue 4 2002
Susan A. Albrecht PhD
Objective: To describe baseline characteristics of inner-city pregnant adolescent smokers and examine these variables as potential predictors of long-term tobacco abstinence. Study Design: Descriptive study design of the characteristics of pregnant adolescent smokers, with conceptual underpinnings from the Problem-Behavior Theory. Setting: Recruitment and data collection were completed in inner-city outpatient clinics and public schools. Participants: The study enrolled 142 pregnant smoking adolescents. Main Outcome Measures: Self-reported smoking behavior (abstinence vs. smoking) assessed at 12 months from study enrollment was the criterion outcome variable. Variables from Problem-Behavior Theory, tobacco use, and demographics variables were selected as predictors of interest. Results: Twelve months following study enrollment, 123 (87%) participants were smoking, with 19 (13%) reporting abstinence. Pregnant adolescents received messages of encouragement from parents and peers to quit smoking but complicated their pregnancies and smoking cessation efforts by concurrently consuming alcohol during the pregnancy. Conclusion: Findings from this study support previous research on adolescent smokers and extend our knowledge to the inner-city pregnant adolescent smoker. These pregnant teenagers present many needs and challenges for the nurses responsible for their care. [source]

Factors Associated with Physician Interventions to Address Adolescent Smoking

HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH, Issue 3 2004
Tammy H. Sims
Objective. To determine the percent of adolescent Medicaid patients with medical record documentation about tobacco use status and cessation assistance; and factors associated with providers documenting and intervening with adolescent smokers. Data Source. Secondary analysis of data collected in 1999 from medical records of Wisconsin Medicaid health maintenance organization (HMO) recipients 11 to 21 years old. Study Design. Random reviews and data collection were related to visits from January 1997 to January 1999. Data collected included patient demographics, provider type, number of visits, and whether smoking status and cessation interventions were documented. Data Extraction Methods. Medical charts were reviewed and a database was created using a data abstraction tool developed and approved by a committee to address tobacco use in Medicaid managed care participants. Principal Findings. Among adolescents seen by a physician from 1997 to 1999, tobacco use status was documented in 55 percent of patient charts. Most often tobacco use status was documented on history and physical or prenatal forms. Of identified adolescent smokers, 50 percent were advised to quit, 42 percent assisted, and 16 percent followed for smoking cessation. Pregnant patients were more likely to have tobacco use documented than nonpregnant patients (OR=10.8, 95 percent CI=4.9 to 24). The odds of documentation increased 21 percent for every one-year increase in patient age. Conclusions. Providers miss opportunities to intervene with adolescents who may be using tobacco. Medical record prompts, similar to the tobacco use question on prenatal forms and the tobacco use vital sign stamp, are essential for reminding providers to consistently document and address tobacco use among adolescents. [source]

Characteristics of Inner-City Pregnant Smoking Teenagers

Do paediatricians provide brief intervention for adolescents who smoke?

JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 6 2007
Bronwyn Milne
Aims: This study aimed to describe the self-reported practice of paediatricians in brief interventions for adolescents who smoke. We also aimed to compare practice with confidence, skills and knowledge of brief intervention and nicotine replacement therapy after a targeted training programme. Methods: Medical staff at The Children's Hospital at Westmead completed a questionnaire of clinical practice and confidence in brief intervention for smoking cessation. Data were analysed comparing self-reported practice with confidence, skill and knowledge of brief interventions, based on Fiore's 5A's approach (Ask about smoking at every opportunity, Assess willingness to quit, Advise patients to quit smoking, Assist quit attempts and Arrange follow up). Results: Fifty-seven clinicians completed questionnaires, 55 (96%) recognised the importance of asking adolescents about smoking. Thirty-one (54%) identified adolescent smokers all or most of the time, increasing to 50 (88%) if their presenting condition was associated with smoking. Twenty-five (44%) clinicians assessed the stage of change, 33 (58%) advised the adolescent to quit smoking, nine (16%) assisted quit attempts and 10 (17.5%) arranged follow up. Clinicians more confident in brief intervention skills, motivational interviewing and relapse prevention were more likely to use the 5A's (P < 0.05). Training increased clinician's confidence in brief intervention skills and knowledge of nicotine replacement therapy (P < 0.01); however, there was no statistically significant change in clinical practice 1 month post training. Conclusion: Training paediatricians in brief intervention skills, motivational interviewing and relapse prevention can increase the use of 5A's brief intervention in clinical practice, potentially increasing quit attempts in adolescents who smoke. [source]