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Adolescent Psychopathology (adolescent + psychopathology)
Selected AbstractsThe Development and Well-Being Assessment: Description and Initial Validation of an Integrated Assessment of Child and Adolescent PsychopathologyTHE JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY AND ALLIED DISCIPLINES, Issue 5 2000Robert Goodman The Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) is a novel package of questionnaires, interviews, and rating techniques designed to generate ICD-10 and DSM-IV psychiatric diagnoses on 5-ldyear-olds. Nonclinical interviewers administer a structured interview to parents about psychiatric symptoms and resultant impact. When definite symptoms are identified by the structured questions, interviewers use open-ended questions and supplementary prompts to get parents to describe the problems in their own words. These descriptions are transcribed verbatim by the interviewers but are not rated by them. A similar interview is administered to 1 l-16-year-olds. Teachers complete a brief questionnaire covering the main conduct, emotional, and hyperactivity symptoms and any resultant impairment. The different sorts of information are brought together by a computer program that also predicts likely diagnoses. These computer-generated summary sheets and diagnoses form a convenient starting point for experienced clinical raters, who decide whether to accept or overturn the computer diagnosis (or lack of diagnosis) in the light of their review of all the data, including transcripts. In the present study, the DAWBA was administered to community (N= 491) and clinic (N= 39) samples. There was excellent discrimination between community and clinic samples in rates of diagnosed disorder. Within the community sample, subjects with and without diagnosed disorders differed markedly in external characteristics and prognosis. In the clinic sample, there was substantial agreement between DAWBA and case note diagnoses, though the DAWBA diagnosed more comorbid disorders. The use of screening questions and skip rules greatly reduced interview length by allowing many sections to be omitted with very little loss of positive information. Overall, the DAWBA successfully combined the cheapness and simplicity of respondent-based measures with the clinical persuasiveness of investigator-based diagnoses. The DAWBA has considerable potential as an epidemiological measure, and may prove to be of clinical value too. [source] The Interface Between Physical and Mental Health Problems and Medical Help Seeking in Children and Adolescents: A Research PerspectiveCHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 4 2004M. Elena Garralda This paper addresses child and adolescent psychopathology as it presents to general practitioners and paediatricians, and explores psychosocial aspects of unexplained medical symptoms in children and adolescents. High rates of psychopathology have been identified amongst children and adolescents attending general practice and paediatric services, most of it ,,hidden'' at presentation and emotional in nature. It is often linked to poor physical well being and to maternal stress focused on the child. It may be of special relevance to medical help seeking in socio-economically advantaged areas. Co-morbid psychopathology, mainly emotional disorders, is common amongst children with unexplained medical symptoms. However, there are specific psychosocial aspects that differentiate these children from those with emotional disorders. They involve disease beliefs, illness behaviour and predicament. The latter may be characterised by special reactivity to stress in children with personality vulnerability, in a context of parents with high levels of mental distress, unexplained medical symptoms and emotional over-involvement with the child. There is comparatively little interface work between CAMHS and primary health care. An important research priority would seem to lie in the development of interventions that can be adapted for use by primary care staff. Similarly, there are few dedicated CAMHS paediatric liaison teams. Their more extensive development should help attend in a more informed and focused way than at present to children and adolescents suffering from unexplained physical symptoms and disorders. Further research is needed into vulnerability mechanisms and maintaining factors, health beliefs, treatment engagement and interventions. [source] Self-esteem in children with attention and/or learning deficits: the importance of genderACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 8 2008Ulla Ek Abstract Objective: Our objective was to analyze self-esteem in children within a spectrum of attention disorders, that is, besides attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), also children with subthreshold ADHD and even milder attention deficits and/or learning problems. Methods: From a population-based group of 10,11-year-old children in a Swedish municipality those with ADHD/subthreshold ADHD (n = 30) and those with milder attention and/or learning problems (n = 64) were targeted for the study. The children completed the ,I think I am' scale, reflecting physical appearance, scholastic competence, mental well-being, relationships to parents and to others and global self-esteem. Data from boys and girls were compared and related to the parents' and teachers' ratings on the two dimensions of the Conners' 10-item questionnaire (impulsive-restless behaviour and emotional lability) and to the children's cognitive levels. Results: Significant gender differences were found, girls reporting lower self-esteem concerning mental well-being and poorer relationships with parents and peers. However, children with ADHD/subthreshold ADHD did not report significantly lower global self-esteem when compared to a reference population. Conclusion: Self-esteem in children with attention, behaviour and/or learning problems has to be carefully evaluated, especially in girls, and measures are needed to prevent a trajectory towards adolescent psychopathology. [source] Attachment theory in adolescence and its relevance to developmental psychopathologyCLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY (AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORY & PRACTICE), Issue 1 2001Lucy Scott Brown The relationship between the quality of early attachment and later psychological adaptation is frequently emphasized. To date, the significance of attachment during infancy and adulthood has been a central focus in the literature, with remarkably little attention being given to adolescence. The aim of this selective review is to introduce and critically consider the key concepts of attachment theory, and to then discuss the relevance of attachment to the period of adolescence. More specifically, an emphasis will be placed upon the importance of early attachment experiences in the development of adolescent psychopathology. Theoretical explanations for this relationship are considered alongside implications for clinical practice and research. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 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